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All-Russian Fascist Organization

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The All-Russian Fascist Organization (VFO) (Russian: Всероссийская фашистская организация, romanized: Vserossiyskaya Fashistskaya Organizatsiya) was a Russian white émigré group led by Anastasy Vonsiatsky. It was based in Putnam, Connecticut, United States and was founded on May 10, 1933, by Vonsiatsky and Donat Yosifovich Kunle, a former White Russian Army officer. The group never had more than several hundred members.[2][3]

In 1934, in Yokohama, the Russian Fascist Party (RFP) and VFO attempted to merge into a new entity, the All-Russia Fascist Party. On April 3, 1934, representatives from both organizations signed a protocol number 1, which proclaimed the merger of RFP and VFO and the creation of the All-Russia Fascist Party (VFP). The new organization was intended to connect the RFP's organizational structure with the financial resources of the VFO. April 26, 1934, in Harbin on 2-m (Unity) Congress of Russian Fascists happened formal association VFO and the RFP and the creation of the All-Russia Fascist Party.[4]

A full merger was quite problematic however, because Vonsiatsky was an opponent of anti-Semitism and considered the support base of the RFP—primarily Russian Cossacks and the monarchists—as an anachronism. In October–December 1934 there was a split between Konstantin Rodzaevsky and Anastasy Vonsiatsky. The Vonsiatsky group remained in the RFP, but later he refounded his party as the All-Russian National Revolutionary Party.[5][6] The party remained a marginal feature.[5] It was renamed several times, eventually assuming the name All-Russian National Revolutionary Toilers and Workers-Peasants Party of Fascists (Russian: Всероссийская национально-революционная трудовая и рабоче-крестьянская партии фашистов).[7]

In 1940 – December 1941, the cooperation of Rodzaevsky and Vonsiatsky resumed, interrupted with the start of Japanese-American War.

On June 21, 1941, Donat Kunle, a pilot, died in a plane crash in California, resulting in the VFO ceasing the publication of its newspaper, Fashist.[8]

Tras la entrada de Estados Unidos en la Segunda Guerra Mundial en 1942, Anastasy Vonsiatsky fue arrestado por el FBI por espionaje, después de lo cual el partido dejó de existir. Las autoridades federales allanaron el complejo de la VFO, incautando 57 fusiles rusos antiguos, dos pistolas de gas lacrimógeno y 18 cartuchos, dos pistolas automáticas y grandes cantidades de munición. [ 9 ]

Referencias

  1. ↑ "fascismo" . Encyclopædia Britannica . Consultado el 20 de abril de 2025 .
  2. ↑ Oberlander, pág. 163
  3. ↑ Brumberg, Abraham (27 de agosto de 1978). "Cruzada quijotesca contra los soviéticos" . Washington Post . ISSN 0190-8286 . Consultado el 24 de diciembre de 2023 . 
  4. ↑ Los fascistas rusos: tragedia y farsa en el exilio, 1925-1945, por John J. Stephan, pág. 160
  5. 1 2 Oberlander, págs. 165–168
  6. ↑ Winter, Barbara. El hombre más peligroso de Australia. Archivado el 25 de abril de 2016 en Wayback Machine . Carindale, Qld: IP (Interactive Publications), 2010. pág. 131.
  7. ↑ emigrantica.ru. Фашист (Putnam, Connecticut, EE. UU., 1933-1941)
  8. ↑ Revista de Aeronáutica Civil . Oficina de Administración de Aviación. 1941. pág. 50. 
  9. ↑ "El caso de la conspiración Vonsiatsky - Historia de Connecticut | un proyecto de CTHumanities" . Historia de Connecticut | un proyecto de CTHumanities - Historias sobre las personas, las tradiciones, las innovaciones y los eventos que conforman la rica historia de Connecticut . 16 de febrero de 2021. Consultado el 14 de marzo de 2025 .

Lecturas adicionales

  • E. Oberlander, 'El Partido Fascista Panruso' , Revista de Historia Contemporánea , vol. 1, n.º 1 (1966), págs.  158-173.
  • Los fascistas rusos: tragedia y farsa en el exilio, 1925-1945 , de John J. Stephan ISBN 0-06-014099-2
  • K. B. Родзаевский. Завещание Русского фашиста . М., ФЭРИ-В, 2001 ISBN 5-94138-010-0
  • А.В. Окороков. Фашизм и русская эмиграция (1920-1945 гг.) . М., Руссаки, 2002 ISBN 5-93347-063-5
  • Н.Н. Grozin. Защитные рубашки. Шанхай: Издательство Всероссийский Русский Календарь, 1939.