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Barium cyanide

2 \n| MolarMass = 189.362 g/mol\n| Appearance = white crystalline powder\n| Density = \n| MeltingPtC = 600\n| BoilingPt = \n| Solubility = 80 g/100 mL (14 °C)\n| SolubleOther = ...

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Barium cyanide is a chemical compound with the formula Ba(CN)2. It is synthesized by the reaction of hydrogen cyanide and barium hydroxide in water or petroleum ether.[1] It is a white crystalline salt.

Uses

Barium cyanide is used in electroplating and other metallurgical processes.

Preparation

Barium cyanide is prepared by reacting barium hydroxide with hydrocyanic acid:

Ba(OH)2 + 2HCN → Ba(CN)2 +2H2O

The product is crystallized from the solution.

Reactions

Barium cyanide reacts with water and carbon dioxide in air slowly, producing highly toxic hydrogen cyanide gas.[2]

When barium cyanide is heated to 300°C with steam present, the nitrogen evolves to ammonia, leaving barium formate.[3]

Ba(CN)2 + 4 H2O = Ba(HCOO)2 + 2 NH3

Aqueous solutions of barium cyanide dissolve insoluble cyanides of some of the heavy metals forming crystalline double salts. For example, BaHg(CN)4.3H2O in needles, 2Ba(CN)2.3Hg(CN)2.23H2O in transparent octahedra, and Ba(CN)2.Hg(CN)2.HgI2.6H2O.[4]

References

  1. ↑Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. doi:10.1016/C2009-0-30414-6. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.
  2. ↑Smith, R P; Gosselin, R E (1976). "Current Concepts about the Treatment of Selected Poisonings: Nitrite, Cyanide, Sulfide, Barium, and Quinidine". Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology. 16: 189–99. doi:10.1146/annurev.pa.16.040176.001201. PMID 779614.
  3. ↑"Barium Cyanide – a Chemical Compound". Assignment Point. Retrieved 2025-06-27.
  4. ↑"Barium Cyanide, Ba(CN)2". Atomistry. Retrieved 2012-11-01.