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Fossil wood

Petrified softwood Fossil wood of Tamil Nadu Fossil wood from the Pliocene in Thirvakkarai, Tamil Nadu Fossil wood , also known as fossilized tree , is wood that is preserved in...

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Petrified softwood
Fossil wood of Tamil Nadu
Fossil wood from the Pliocene in Thirvakkarai, Tamil Nadu

Fossil wood, also known as fossilized tree, is wood that is preserved in the fossil record. Over time the wood will usually be the part of a plant that is best preserved (and most easily found). Fossil wood may or may not be petrified, in which case it is known as petrified wood or petrified tree. The study of fossil wood is sometimes called palaeoxylology, and a palaeoxylologist is somebody who studies fossil wood.

The fossil wood may be the only part of the plant that has been preserved, with the rest of the plant completely unknown:[1] therefore such wood may get a special kind of botanical name. This will usually include "xylon" and a term indicating its presumed (not necessarily certain) affinity, such as Araucarioxylon (wood similar to that of extant Araucaria or some related genus like Agathis or Wollemia), Palmoxylon (wood similar to that of modern Arecaeae), or Castanoxylon (wood similar to that of modern chinkapin or chestnut tree).[2]

Types

Petrified wood

Petrified wood are fossils of wood that have turned to stone through the process of permineralization.[3] All organic materials are replaced with minerals while maintaining the original structure of the wood.

The most notable example is the petrified forest in Arizona.[4]

Mummified wood

Mummified wood are fossils of wood that have not permineralized.[5] They are formed when trees are buried rapidly in dry cold or hot environments. They are valued in paleobotany because they retain original cells and tissues capable of being examined with the same techniques used with extant plants in dendrology.[6]

Notable examples include the mummified forests in Ellesmere Island[7] and Axel Heiberg Island.[8]

Submerged forests

Los bosques sumergidos son restos de árboles sumergidos por la transgresión marina . Son importantes para determinar el aumento del nivel del mar desde el último período glacial . [ 9 ]

Véase también

Referencias

  1. ↑ Ed Strauss (2001). "Madera petrificada del oeste de Washington" . Archivado del original el 11 de diciembre de 2010. Recuperado el 8 de abril de 2011 .
  2. ↑ Wilson Nichols Stewart; Gar W. Rothwell (1993). Paleobotánica y la evolución de las plantas (2.ª ed.). Cambridge University Press. pág. 31. ISBN   978-0-521-38294-6.
  3. ↑ Bersama, CV Karya (5 de junio de 2023). "Preguntas frecuentes sobre la madera petrificada" . Recuperado el 11 de diciembre de 2023 .
  4. ↑ "Parque Nacional del Bosque Petrificado" . Servicio de Parques Nacionales, Departamento del Interior de los Estados Unidos . Consultado el 8 de abril de 2011 .
  5. ↑ Kelly Greig (17 de enero de 2011). "Bosque momificado muestra el efecto del cambio climático" . Canadian Geographic. Archivado del original el 5 de febrero de 2011. Recuperado el 8 de abril de 2011 .
  6. ↑ Thomas N. Taylor ; Edith L. Taylor; Michael Krings (2009). Paleobotánica: la biología y evolución de las plantas fósiles . Academic Press. pág. 33. ISBN  978-0-12-373972-8.
  7. ↑ Michael D. Lemonick; Courtney Tower; Diane Webster (22 de septiembre de 1986). "Ciencia: Desenterrando un bosque congelado" . Time. Archivado del original el 27 de noviembre de 2010. Recuperado el 8 de abril de 2011 .
  8. ↑ Jeremy Hsu (16 de diciembre de 2010). "Árboles momificados de dos millones de años revelan un clima riguroso" . Live Science . Consultado el 7 de agosto de 2024 .
  9. ↑ Eric Charles Frederick Bird (2008). Geomorfología costera: una introducción . John Wiley and Sons. pág. 52. ISBN  978-0-470-51729-1.