Fredrik Cygnaeus

Fredrik Cygnaeus (1 April 1807 – 7 February 1881) was a Finnish poet, art critic and collector, docent of history and university professor of aesthetics and literature. Cygnaeus was an influential figure in Finnish art and literature, contributed to Finnish nationalism and was a central person in the Fennoman movement (Fennomani).^[1][2]

Cygnaeus was born at Hämeenlinna, Finland. He was the son of Zacharias Cygnaeus and Margareta Karolina Aejmelaeus. He was born in wealthy aristocratic family, his grandfather and father were both bishops, and his father was invited to St. Petersburg as a bishop for the Lutheran parishes. Fredrik Cygnaeus attended schools in St. Petersburg, learned foreign languages and received European influences. In 1823 he returned to Finland and attended Imperial Alexander University in Turku. He graduated as a Master of Philosophy in 1832 and taught in schools in Hamina (1833–1837) and Helsinki (1839–1843).^[3][4]

Cygnaeus traveled extensively in Europe 1843–1847 with support of a stipendium. His was planning to find documents of Swedish history in archives in France and Italy. He used the opportunity to network with Europeans, attend theatre and read literature. He also wrote poetry and newspaper articles from his travels.^[3]

After his return to Finland, Cygnaeus was an acting university professor of history between 1848 and 1853. At the university, he often acted as a link between university students and administration, to channel raising nationalism to peaceful expressions and avoid revolutions. ^[3] The tradition of Flora day celebrations of university students was founded under his leadership by him on May 13, 1848.^[1] When students became more radical, they did not accept Cygnaeus as their curator any more, but the administration awarded him with a professorship in modern literature in 1854. He was appointed Dean of the Faculty of History and Linguistics from the beginning of 1856. In 1867 he retired as emeritus. ^[3]

Cygnaeus fue presidente de la Sociedad Finlandesa de Literatura entre 1863 y 1878. Se consideraba ante todo historiador y poeta. Para el mundo posterior, su contribución como mecenas de las artes y los artistas ha sido más significativa. Cygnaeus fue el primero en escribir análisis de las obras centrales de Johan Ludvig Runeberg (1804-1877). También apoyó las obras de los autores Aleksis Kivi (1834-1872) y Zacharias Topelius (1818-1898). ^{[ 3 ] [ 5 ]}

Cygnaeus tenía su residencia de verano en el barrio de Kaivopuisto, en el centro de Helsinki. Fue construida como villa entre 1869 y 1870 según los diseños del arquitecto JFW Mieritz. Cygnaeus donó la villa a la nación finlandesa en su testamento. También reunió una notable colección de arte y curiosidades, que donó igualmente al pueblo de Finlandia. La colección se exhibe en su villa, ahora conocida como la Galería Cygnaeus . La galería contiene aproximadamente 200 obras, principalmente arte finlandés del siglo XIX. La Galería Cygnaeus pertenece al Museo Nacional de Finlandia, bajo la autoridad de la Junta Nacional de Antigüedades. ^{[ 6 ]}

• Sitio web del Museo Nacional de Finlandia