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Lampshade spider

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Hypochilus web in its normal orientation

Lampshade spiders, family Hypochilidae, are among the most primitive of araneomorphspiders. There are two genera and twelve species currently recognized. Like mygalomorphs, most hypochilids have two pairs of book lungs, but like araneomorphs they have intersecting fangs, with the exception of some species which have chelicerae in an angle that is neither orthognathous or labidognathous.[1] These long-legged spiders build typical "lampshade" style webs under overhangs and in caves. In the United States the fauna is primarily associated with the Appalachian, Rocky and California Mountains. Ten of the known species are found in these ranges, all in the genus Hypochilus. The genus Ectatosticta is found in China.

In one analysis, the Hypochilidae are a sister clade to the Neocribellatae, which contains all other spider species in the Araneomorphae (Coddington & Levi, 1991, p. 576). A more recent study groups them with the Haplogynae.[2]

Genera

As of January 2026, this family includes two genera and 33 species:[3]

See also

References

  1. ↑Spiders--webs, Behavior, and Evolution
  2. ↑Bond, Jason E.; Garrison, Nicole L.; Hamilton, Chris A.; Godwin, Rebecca L.; Hedin, Marshal & Agnarsson, Ingi (2014). "Phylogenomics Resolves a Spider Backbone Phylogeny and Rejects a Prevailing Paradigm for Orb Web Evolution". Current Biology. 24 (15): 1765–1771. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2014.06.034. PMID 25042592. |p. 1766.
  3. ↑"Family Hypochilidae Marx, 1888". World Spider Catalog. doi:10.24436/2. Retrieved 2026-01-18.
  • Coddington, JA; Levi, HW (1991). "Sistemática y evolución de las arañas (Araneae)". Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst . 22 : 565–592 . doi : 10.1146/annurev.es.22.110191.003025 .
  • Kaston, BJ (1953). Cómo conocer a las arañas (1.ª  ed.). Dubuque, IA: WC Brown Co. OCLC 681432632 . 

Lecturas adicionales

  • Forster, RR, Platnick, NI y Gray, MR (1987). Una revisión de las superfamilias de arañas Hypochiloidea y Austrochiloidea (Araneae, Araneomorphae). Boletín de la AMNH 185(1):1-116 Resumen - PDF (50Mb)
  • Shear, WA (1969). "Observaciones sobre el comportamiento depredador de la araña Hypochilus gertschi Hoffman (Hypochilidae)" . Psyche: A Journal of Entomology . 76 (4): 407– 417. doi : 10.1155/1969/59683 .
  • Observaciones de ciencia ciudadana sobre la araña Lampshade en iNaturalist.
  • Páginas principales de aracnología: Araneae
  • Imagen de Hypochilus pococki archivada el 22/02/2012 en Wayback Machine .