Medog mole

The Medog mole (Alpiscaptulus medogensis) is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is the only member of the genusAlpiscaptulus. It is endemic to Tibet, where it is only found in the vicinity of Namcha Barwa in Medog County.^[1]

Alongside the Gansu mole (Scapanulus oweni), another mole species in a monotypic genus that is also endemic to the mountains of China, it is one of only two species in the subfamily Scalopinae found outside of North America. Phylogenetic and fossil evidence indicates that the scalopine moles evolved in Eurasia and migrated to North America during the Neogene; however, the Gansu and Medog moles are not relict Eurasian scalopine moles, but are descendants of North American scalopine moles that migrated back to Eurasia; the hairy-tailed mole (Parascalops breweri) of North America is more closely related to them than it is to the other two North American scalopine genera.^[2]

Phylogenetic evidence supports the Gansu and Medog moles being the closest living relatives of one another and diverging the mid-late Miocene, about 11.59 million years ago. It is thought that the rapid uplift of the Tibetan Plateau and the subsequent climate change led to the divergence of the two genera. Their habitats may have served as refugia during periods of glaciation, allowing them to persist while most other Eurasian scalopines went extinct.^[2]

Esta especie se conoce únicamente en las laderas de Namcha Barwa , el pico más alto del Himalaya oriental y la vigésimo séptima montaña más alta de la Tierra, donde se han recolectado dos especímenes de madrigueras a 2400 metros (7900 pies) y 3700 metros (12 100 pies) s.n.m. El individuo a 2400 m se encontró en un hábitat de matorrales dominado por especies de roble ( Quercus ) con abundante cobertura de pastos. El individuo a 3700 m se encontró en un bosque de brezales con bosques mixtos de bambú . Ambos hábitats pertenecen a la ecorregión de bosques de hoja ancha del Himalaya oriental . ^{[ 2 ]}  

• Lista de especies de mamíferos vivos descritas en la década de 2020.