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Pasinler Castle

Coordinates : 39°58′44″N 41°40′53″E / 39.97896°N 41.68138°E / 39.97896; 41.68138 Pasinler Castle , sometimes referred to as Hasan Castle , [ 1 ] is a ruined fortification in Pas...

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Coordinates: 39°58′44″N41°40′53″E / 39.97896°N 41.68138°E / 39.97896; 41.68138

Pasinler Castle, sometimes referred to as Hasan Castle,[1] is a ruined fortification in Pasinler, Turkey. The historical name for the town of Pasinler, Hasankale (lit.'Castle of Hasan'), is derived from the castle.[2] The site has been used as a fortification since the Iron Age.

History

The site features inscriptions and stonework from the reign of Minua.[3] During the Urartian period, the site was one of the most notable fortresses in northeastern Urartu, and it would have helped Urartian kings secure valuable resources in the region.[4] Later occupants of the fortress included the Byzantines,[1] Armenians, and White Sheep Turkomans.[5]Uzun Hasan, a 15th century Turkoman chief and possible etymological source of Hasankale, contributed to the fortification of the town and castle.[1][6] In the 16th century, the Ottomans rebuilt the castle, and it remained in use until after the Russo-Turkish War (1828–1829).[6] The site is a ruin in the modern period.

Description

The castle sits on a large rocky hill at an elevation of 1740 meters and overlooks the town of Pasinler and the surrounding plain.[7] There are three sets of walls, the outer two terminating at the steep rock face without forming complete circuits. A gatehouse lies on the western portion.[6] The site also includes a water tunnel that travels through the rock to the Pasinler Stream below.[7][3]

See also

References

  1. 123Tourist's guide, Turkey. Ankara: Tourist Dept. of the Ministry of Press, Broadcasting and Tourism. 1963. p. 87. OCLC 1121455688.
  2. ↑ Everett-Heath, John (2017). Diccionario conciso de topónimos del mundo . OUP Oxford . ISBN 9780192556462.
  3. 1 2 Darbyshire, Gareth, ed. (2005). Edades de Hierro de Anatolia 5. Instituto Británico de Ankara . pág. 25. ISBN  9781912090570.
  4. ↑ GÜNAŞDI, Yavuz; KÜÇÜKYILDIZ, İshak (2023). "ERKEN DEMİR ÇAĞ'DA PASİN OVASI'NDA ÖNEMLİ BİR DİAUEHİ ÜLKESİ: BALTULHİ". Kafkas Ünivesitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi (en turco e inglés) (32): 779– 814. ISSN 2149-0643 . 
  5. ↑ Darke, Diana (2014). Turquía oriental . Bradt Travel Guides . pág. 374. ISBN  9781841624907.
  6. 1 2 3 Sinclair, TA (1989). Turquía oriental: Un estudio arquitectónico y arqueológico, Volumen II . Pindar Press. págs. 228–230 . ISBN  9781904597735.
  7. ^ Ceilán , Nezahat (2023). "Erzurum ve Erzincan Çevresindeki Urartu Dönemi Kaya Basamaklı Su Tünelleri II". Selçuk Universitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakultesi edebiyat dergisi (en turco e inglés) (50): 243– 268. ISSN 1300-4921 .