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107th Infantry Regiment (United States)

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Seventh Regiment Armory, Park Avenue, New York City, 1880, architect Charles W. Clinton.
The 7th Regiment, New York National Guard, later the 107th Infantry Regiment, marched off to war on 11 September 1917

The 107th Infantry Regiment was a regiment of the New York Army National Guard. The regiment was formed in 1917 and disestablished in 1993.

The 107th traces its history to the Seventh Regiment of New York (or 7th New York Militia/7th Regiment New York State Militia). Known as the "Silk Stocking Regiment" for the high number of New York City's social elite among its ranks and its armory's location on Park Avenue in the Silk Stocking District of the Upper East Side,[1] it was established in 1806[2] in response to the blockade of New York Bay in April by warships of the British Navy, whose commanders claimed the right to detain and search American vessels and impress any British subjects serving on them.[3]

Timeline

Source:[2]

  • 1917: The 7th Regiment is drafted into federal service.
  • 1917: Redesignated the 107th Infantry with additional personnel from 1st and 12th Infantry, New York National Guard, and assigned to the 27th Division.[4]
  • 1917–1919: The 7th Infantry, New York Guard serves as the Depot (Home) Battalion. 107th Infantry moved to France May 1918, returned to US March 1919. 27th Division including 107th Infantry participated in the Ypres-Lys and Somme Offensive campaigns. Discharged from federal service 2 April 1919.[5]
  • 1921–1922: Consolidates with 7th Infantry, New York Guard, and reorganized and federalized as the 107th Infantry.
  • 1940: The 107th Infantry is redesignated the 207th Coast Artillery (Anti-Aircraft) Regiment on 1 August.[6]
  • 1940: 7th Regiment, New York State Guard is formed.
  • 1943: 10 September: The regiment is broken up, reorganized and redesignated as follows:
    • HHB as HHB 207th Anti-Aircraft Artillery Group (served in Normandy, France, Ardennes-Alsace (Battle of the Bulge), Central Europe)[7]
    • 1st Battalion as 771st Anti-Aircraft Artillery Gun Battalion (served in Hawaii and Guam)[8]
    • 2.º Batallón como 7.º Batallón de Armas Automáticas de Artillería Antiaérea (prestó servicio en Leyte, Filipinas, Guam, Okinawa) [ 9 ]
    • 3er Batallón como 247º Batallón de Proyectores de Artillería Antiaérea (no prestó servicio en el extranjero, desactivado el 31 de octubre de 1944) [ 10 ]
  • 1946–1947: Se reorganizó como el 107.º Regimiento de Infantería con sede en Nueva York.
  • 1957: Relevado del 107.º Equipo de Combate Regimental, asignado a la 42.ª División de Infantería .
  • 1959: Relevado de la 42.ª División de Infantería, reorganizado como 107.º Regimiento de Infantería, regimiento matriz bajo el Sistema Regimental de Armas de Combate .
  • 1993: el 1.er Batallón, 107.º de Infantería, fue desactivado como parte de las reducciones de la estructura de fuerzas a nivel nacional. [ 11 ] La designación 107.º fue reasignada al antiguo 205.º Grupo de Apoyo, Guardia Nacional del Ejército de Nueva York, creando el 107.º Grupo de Apoyo.

Monumento conmemorativo en Central Park

Monumento conmemorativo de la 107.ª División de Infantería

El Monumento a la 107.ª Infantería está dedicado a los hombres que sirvieron en el 107.º Regimiento de Infantería, originalmente el Séptimo Regimiento de Nueva York, durante la Primera Guerra Mundial. El monumento representa a siete hombres; el de la derecha lleva dos granadas Mills , mientras sostiene al soldado herido que está a su lado. A su derecha, otro infante corre hacia las posiciones enemigas, mientras que el jefe de escuadrón sin casco y otro soldado se acercan al enemigo con fusiles Lee-Enfield con bayoneta calada . A la izquierda, un soldado sostiene a un soldado mortalmente herido, manteniéndolo en pie. El monumento de bronce fue donado por el Comité Conmemorativo del 7.º al 107.º y fue diseñado y esculpido por Karl Illava, quien sirvió en el 107.º Regimiento de Infantería como sargento durante la Primera Guerra Mundial. El monumento fue concebido alrededor de 1920, se construyó entre 1926 y 1927, se colocó en el parque y se inauguró en 1927, cerca del muro perimetral en la Quinta Avenida y la calle 67.

Insignia distintiva de la unidad

Descripción
Un dispositivo de metal y esmalte de color oro de 1 + 1 ⁄ 4 pulgadas (3,2 cm) de altura que consiste en un escudo blasonado: Partido en chevrón de gules y gris, un chevrón roto almenado en jefe de plata entre en jefe el monograma "NG" y un león rampante de oro, y en base una bomba flamígera del último color cargada con el numeral siete de sable; sobre una liga circular azul con la inscripción "PRO PATRIA ET GLORIA" en oro, abrochada en oro y doblada en la parte superior y sobre un martillo de chispa de oro. 
Simbolismo
The original units of the regiment were artillery and the bursting bomb, the earliest insignia, represents that assignment. The old uniform was cadet gray; the monogram "N.G." was worn on it. For over fifty years, the 107th Infantry Regiment was the only organization bearing the distinctive title of "National Guard." This designation was adopted by the United States Government for general use in 1869. The rampant lion commemorates service in Picard, France, during World War I. The embattled and broken chevron is emblematic of the breaking of the Hindenburg Line, in which the 107th Infantry Regiment participated. The motto translates to "For Country and Glory."
Background
The distinctive unit insignia was originally approved for the 107th Infantry Regiment on 26 February 1924. It was amended to correct the description on 28 March 1925. It was redesignated for the 207th Coast Artillery Regiment on 24 October 1940. The insignia was redesignated for the 107th Infantry Regiment on 30 March 1951. It was redesignated for the 107th Support Group with the description and symbolism revised effective 1 September 1993.

Coat of arms

Blazon
Shield: Per chevron Gules and Gray, a chevron embattled to chief rompu enhanced Argent between in chief the cipher of the regiment of 1824 (the script monogram N.G.) and a lion rampant both Or and in base the cap of 1815 as worn in 1915 (a flaming bomb charged with the number 7 Sable) of the like.
Crest: That for the regiments and separate battalions of the New York Army National Guard: On a wreath Argent and Gules, the full-rigged ship "Half Moon", all Proper.
Motto: PRO PATRIA ET GLORIA (For Country and Glory).
Symbolism
Shield: The original units of the regiment were artillery and the bursting bomb, the earliest insignia, represents that assignment. The old uniform was cadet gray; the monogram "N.G." was worn on it. For over fifty years the 107th Infantry Regiment was the only organization bearing the distinctive title of "National Guard". This designation was adopted by the United States Government for general use in 1869. The rampant lion commemorates service in Picard, France, during World War I. The embattled and broken chevron is emblematic of the breaking of the Hindenburg Line, in which the 107th Infantry Regiment participated.
Background
The coat of arms was originally approved for the 107th Infantry Regiment on 2 August 1923. It was amended to correct the blazon of the shield on 28 March 1925. It was redesignated for the 207th Coast Artillery Regiment on 24 October 1940. The insignia was redesignated for the 107th Infantry Regiment on 30 March 1951. The coat of arms was cancelled on 3 June 1993, when the distinctive unit insignia was redesignated for the 107th Support Group, as the Group was not eligible to inherit the coat of arms.

References

  1. ↑Lukasik, Sebastian Hubert, Military Service, Combat, and American Identity in the Progressive Era, p. 84 "The 7th Regiment of the New York National Guard carried on its muster roles the names of so many scions of New York City's social prominent families that it was commonly known as the "Silk Stocking" or "Blue-Blood" Regiment."
  2. 12"Guide to the Records of the 7th Regiment". The New York Historical Society. 2003. Retrieved 4 May 2014.
  3. ↑Clark, Emmons (1890). History of the Seventh Regiment of New York, 1806-1889, vol. I. Seventh Regiment. pp. 44–49.
  4. ↑Rinaldi, Richard A. (2004). The U. S. Army in World War I: Orders of Battle. General Data LLC. pp. 37, 83. ISBN 0-9720296-4-8.
  5. ↑Rinaldi 2004, pp. 37, 83.
  6. ↑Stanton, Shelby L. (1991). World War II Order of Battle. Galahad Books. p. 468. ISBN 0-88365-775-9.
  7. ↑Stanton 1991, p. 451.
  8. ↑Stanton 1991, p. 507.
  9. ↑Stanton 1991, p. 483.
  10. ↑Stanton 1991, p. 492.
  11. ↑Globalsecurity.org, 107th Support Group, accessed June 2013.

Further reading

  • Jacobson, Gerald F., ed. (1920). History of the 107th Infantry, U.S.A. New York: Seventh Regiment Armory/The De Vinne Press.
  • Todd, Frederick P. (1956). Pro patria et gloria: The illustrated story of the one hundred and fifty years of the Seventh Regiment of New York (107th Infantry Regiment, N.Y.N.G.), Published for the Seventh Regiment by Rampart House.