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Basilar part of pons

The basilar part of pons , also known as basis pontis , or basilar pons , is the ventral part of the pons ( ventral pons ) in the brainstem ; the dorsal part (dorsal pons) is kn...

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The basilar part of pons, also known as basis pontis, or basilar pons, is the ventral part of the pons (ventral pons) in the brainstem; the dorsal part (dorsal pons) is known as the pontine tegmentum.

The basilar part of the pons makes up two thirds of the pons.[1] It has a ridged appearance with a shallow groove at the midline. This groove is the basilar sulcus and is covered by the basilar artery.[2] The basilar artery feeds into the circle of Willis providing blood supply to the brainstem and cerebellum.[3] The ridged appearance is due to the fibers that come out of the pons to enter the cerebellum.[2] The basilar pons contains fibers from the corticospinal tract (a descending pathway for neurons to reach other structures in the body), pontine nuclei, and transverse pontine fibers.[1] The corticospinal tract carries fibres from the primary motor cortex to the spinal cord, aiding in voluntary motor movement of the body. In addition to passing through the ventral pons, corticospinal tract fibers go through other structures of the brainstem, including the internal capsule and the crus cerebri.[4]

Integral to the basilar pons are the pontine nuclei. The pontine nuclei are responsible for projecting fibers that go to the opposite cerebellar hemisphere through the middle cerebellar peduncle, changing the fibers into transverse pontine fibers.[1] The fibers of the pontine nuclei are all important to motor function, including fiber bundles such as the corticospinal fibers and corticopontine-pontocerebellar system.[5] Specifically, the basilar part of the pons contains all the corticofugal fibers, which include the corticospinal, corticobulbar (or corticonuclear), and corticopontine fibers.[6] The basal pontine nuclei provides most of the cortical information to the cerebellum received from the corticopontine fibers.[7]

Clinical significance

La muerte tisular (infarto) en esta región puede afectar la función motora. [ 8 ] Se sabe que un accidente cerebrovascular lacunar en la base del puente provoca disartria contralateral y síndrome de mano torpe .

La protuberancia basilar sufre desmielinización en la afección conocida como mielinólisis pontina central . Este trastorno se debe a la corrección intravenosa rápida de la hiponatremia .

Referencias

Dominio públicoEste artículo incorpora texto de dominio público de la página 785 de  la 20.ª edición de Gray's Anatomy (1918).

  1. 1 2 3 Johns, P. (2014). Neurociencia clínica . Elsevier Health Sciences. págs. 27–47 . 
  2. 1 2 Michael-Titus, A. (2010). El sistema nervioso: segunda edición . Churchill Livingstone.
  3. ↑ Adigun, O. (2020). Anatomía, cabeza y cuello, arteria basilar . StatPearls Publishing. PMID 29083786 . 
  4. ↑ Gould, DJ (2016). El cerebro humano de Nolte: una introducción a su anatomía funcional . Elsevier Health Sciences.
  5. ↑ Mihailoff, GA; Haines, DE (2018), "El puente y el cerebelo", Neurociencia fundamental para aplicaciones básicas y clínicas , Elsevier, págs. 172–182 , doi : 10.1016/b978-0-323-39632-5.00012-8 , ISBN  978-0-323-39632-5
  6. ↑ "La vía corticoespinal: el puente troncoencefálico" . Neuroanatomía en línea .
  7. ↑ Schmahmann, Jeremy D.; Pandya, Deepak N. (octubre de 1995). "Proyecciones de la corteza prefrontal al puente basilar en el mono rhesus: implicaciones para la contribución cerebelosa a la función superior". Neuroscience Letters . 199 (3): 175– 178. doi : 10.1016 / 0304-3940(95)12056-A . PMID 8577391. S2CID 42572383 .  
  8. ↑ Schmahmann JD, Ko R, MacMore J (junio de 2004). "La base pontina humana: síndromes motores y organización topográfica" . Brain . 127 (Pt 6): 1269–91 . doi : 10.1093/brain/awh138 . PMID 15128614 . 
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  • https://web.archive.org/web/20080602013108/http://pathcuric1.swmed.edu/PathDemo/cns1/cns1140.htm
  • https://web.archive.org/web/20080829001215/http://isc.temple.edu/neuroanatomy/lab/atlas/panfc/
  • https://web.archive.org/web/20080526141946/http://www.sci.uidaho.edu/med532/pons.htm