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Victory column

19th-century comparison between the Alexander Column , the Column of the Grande Armée , Trajan's Column , the Column of Marcus Aurelius , and " Pompey's Pillar " A victory colum...

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19th-century comparison between the Alexander Column, the Column of the Grande Armée, Trajan's Column, the Column of Marcus Aurelius, and "Pompey's Pillar"

A victory column, or monumental column or triumphal column, is a monument in the form of a column, erected in memory of a heroic commemoration,[1] including victorious battle, war, or revolution. The column typically stands on a base and is crowned with a victory symbol, such as a statue. The statue may represent the goddess Victoria; in Germany, the female embodiment of the nation, Germania;[2] in the United States either the female embodiment of the nation Columbia or Liberty;[3] in the United Kingdom, the female embodiment Britannia, an eagle,[4] or a naval war hero depicted as a helmeted woman, wielding a trident, shield and olive branch.[5][6]

Monumental columns

List of Roman victory columns

Of the columns listed above, the following are the Roman columns. Romantriumphal columns were either monolithicpillars or composed of column drums; in the later case, these were often hollowed out to accommodate an ancient spiral staircase leading up to the platform on top.

The earliest triumphal column was Trajan's Column which, dedicated in 113 AD, defined its architectural form and established its symbolic value as a political monument alongside the older Roman triumphal arches, providing a lingering model for its successors to this day. The imperial capitals of Rome and Constantinople house the most ancient triumphal columns.

All dimensions are given here in metres, though it was the Roman foot by which ancient architects determined the harmonious proportions of the columns, and which is thus crucial for understanding their design.[13] The list is sorted by date of erection.

See also

References

  1. ↑Greenblatt, Stephen (15 November 2023). Representing the English Renaissance. Univ of California Press. p. 15. ISBN 9780520332201.
  2. ↑Landsberg, Torsten (9 February 2023). "150 years of Berlin's Victory Column: Changing symbolism". DW.com. Retrieved 9 January 2024.
  3. ↑Singer, Norie R.; Grey, Stephanie Houston; Motter, Jeff (1 September 2020). Rooted Resistance: Agrarian Myth in Modern America. University of Arkansas Press. p. 52. ISBN 9781682261439.
  4. ↑British Museum Department of Coins and Medals (1907). Medallic Illustrations of the History of Great Britain and Ireland to the Death of George II. Vol. 7–8. Trustees of the British Museum.
  5. ↑Gazzard, Katherine (26 April 2019). "The Triumph of Britannia". Royal Museums Greenwich. Retrieved 9 January 2019.
  6. ↑"Britannia: A Symbolic Journey Through British History". The East India Company. 24 August 2023. Retrieved 9 January 2024.
  7. 1234Jones 2000, p. 220.
  8. 12Adam 1977, pp. 50f, refers to base, column shaft plus capital.
  9. ↑Gehn, Ulrich (2012). "LSA-2458: Demolished spiral column once crowned by colossal statue of Theodosius I, emperor; later used for statue of Anastasius, emperor. Constantinople, Forum of Theodosius (Tauros). 386-394 and 506". Last Statues of Antiquity. Oxford University. Retrieved 8 May 2020.
  10. ↑Gehn, Ulrich (2012). "LSA-2459: Demolished spiral column once crowned by colossal statue of Arcadius, emperor. Constantinople, Forum of Arcadius. 401-21". Last Statues of Antiquity. Oxford University. Retrieved 13 March 2020.
  11. ↑San Marco, Byzantium and the Myths of Venice p.79 and note 10 on p.10
  12. ↑"La Columna de la Paz a través del tiempo | Centro de Fotografía de Montevideo". cdf.montevideo.gub.uy. Retrieved 12 November 2024.
  13. ↑Jones 1993, pp. 23–38.

Bibliography

Part of this page is based on the article Siegessäule in the German-language Wikipedia.

  • Adam, Jean-Pierre (1977), "À propos du trilithon de Baalbek: Le transport et la mise en oeuvre des mégalithes", Syria, 54 (1/2): 31–63 (50f.), doi:10.3406/syria.1977.6623
  • Gehn, Ulrich (2012). "LSA-2458: Demolished spiral column once crowned by colossal statue of Theodosius I, emperor; later used for statue of Anastasius, emperor. Constantinople, Forum of Theodosius (Tauros). 386-394 and 506". Last Statues of Antiquity. Oxford University. Retrieved 8 May 2020.
  • Gehn, Ulrich (2012). "LSA-2459: Demolished spiral column once crowned by colossal statue of Arcadius, emperor. Constantinople, Forum of Arcadius. 401-21". Last Statues of Antiquity. Oxford University. Retrieved 8 May 2020.
  • Jones, Mark Wilson (1993), "One Hundred Feet and a Spiral Stair: The Problem of Designing Trajan's Column", Journal of Roman Archaeology, 6: 23–38, doi:10.1017/S1047759400011454, S2CID 250348951
  • Jones, Mark Wilson (2000), Principles of Roman Architecture, Yale University Press, ISBN 0-300-08138-3

Further reading

  • Beckmann, Martin (2002), "The 'Columnae Coc(h)lides' of Trajan and Marcus Aurelius", Phoenix, 56 (3/4): 348–357, doi:10.2307/1192605, JSTOR 1192605
  • Wikimedia Commons logo Media related to Triumph columns at Wikimedia Commons
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