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Sideros

Coordenadas : 35°18′46″N 26°18′27″E / 35.31282°N 26.30759°E / 35.31282; 26.30759 Sideros ( en griego : Σίδερος ) es la más externa de una cadena de dos penínsulas con forma de i...

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Coordenadas : 35°18′46″N 26°18′27″E / 35.31282°N 26.30759°E / 35.31282; 26.30759

Sideros ( en griego : Σίδερος ) es la más externa de una cadena de dos penínsulas con forma de isla que, junto con el promontorio de Itanos, forman el cabo Sidero. Las tres son cumbres de elevaciones submarinas conectadas por collados rocosos en la superficie , sobre los cuales se ha construido una carretera que lleva al faro del cabo Sidero, a la capilla elevada de San Isidoro (una réplica) y a Port Joannis, una cala de 2 brazas (12 pies) (unos 4 m). Allí se encuentran las ruinas de un antiguo templo de Atenea destruido por un tsunami y las instalaciones de la base naval de Kyriamadi. Kyriamadi es la otra península con forma de isla de la cadena. Administrativamente, el cabo se encuentra dentro de la unidad municipal de Itanos , el municipio de Sitia, la unidad regional de Lasithi y la región de Creta.  

Etimología

Sideros aparece por primera vez en mapas del siglo XVI como Cauo S. Sideros, un nombre veneciano para cabos como San Sidero de Corfú . En veneciano , Sidero es una forma de Isidoro , en referencia al santo egipcio Isidoro de Pelusio . [ 1 ] El nombre se ha corrompido a Sideros (σίδηρος), "hierro" en griego. [ 2 ]

Geografía

Sideros es una cuasi-isla aproximadamente ovoide con un eje largo de 3 km (1,9 mi) con rumbo 65° (desde el N), y un eje corto de 1,24 km (0,77 mi) con rumbo 155°. La elevación máxima es de 222 m (728 pies) aproximadamente en el centro, la más alta de todo el cabo. [ 3 ] En realidad es una península, la isla está conectada por un istmo norte-sur de aproximadamente 174,17 m (571,4 pies) por 125,84 m (412,9 pies) [ 4 ] con una carretera sobre él. El terreno rocoso del istmo y el terreno de cantos rodados de la isla hacen que caminar fuera de la carretera sea difícil, aunque las playas son excelentes.          

The coastline is coves (or the older term, "ports," which may not have any facilities) alternating with headlands. Much of the coast is cliffs bordered by strip beaches of fine sand. Sidero is unaccessible to the public except at specified times. A checkpoint and barbed wire gate the road with a sign that the peninsula is under military jurisdiction. On the west of the isthmus is Kyriamadi Bay (Port Kereamathi). The military base sits upon its north coast, with both an ancient and a modern jetty visible from the air. Facilities, including a helicopter pad, are built into the steep slopes. Photographs are discouraged, so pictures are scarce. About .75 mi (1.21 km) long, the bay varies in depth from about 3 fathoms (18 ft) near the isthmus to 30 fathoms (180 ft) at the mouth.

The waters around Sidero are highly dangerous to passing ships, although small-boat activity is frequent (water sports, beaching, etc.). Professional works on navigation recommend giving the cape a wide berth (a few miles). Looking from Kyriamadi Bay around Sidero in a CW direction, one finds the following "insular formations."[5]

Spitfire rock

Spitfire Rock found at 35°19′08″N26°14′59″E / 35.3189°N 26.2497°E / 35.3189; 26.2497 is classified as a reef (yphalos, "under the sea") by the Hydrographic Service of the Greek Navy (HSGN).[6] Diameter is 10 yd (9.1 m). Depth is 1 fathom or less. Location is in the road between Sidero and the Dionysades.[7] The name was assigned by Thomas Spratt in his 1852 survey of Crete aboard HMS Spitfire, under his command. He was proceeding through the passage between Sideros and the Dionysades, he said, with what he thought was all due circumspection, but in the centre, when his guide, Captain Manias, sometime revolutionary and pirate, warned him to steer on the Dionysiades side to avoid the reef. In commemoration of the event he named the rock after the ship, although he gives no further insight into his line of reasoning.[8]

Sidero or Strongylos Island

The names of these formations vary by convention, this "island" sometimes being called an "islet." It should not be confused with the peninsula of Sideros itself, which also sometimes is called an island, nor should it be confused with another insular formation south of Crete called Strongylo, "round." The "round" etymology is straightforward and descriptive, while Sidero is named after the cape it is near.

This formation, Sidero islet, found at 35°19′07″N26°18′03″E / 35.318620°N 26.300745°E / 35.318620; 26.300745 is classified as a "rock" (vrachos) by the HSGN.[9] The diameter is 50 yd (46 m), which implies an area of 0.001643 km2, an approximation, as the rock is not quite "round." The altitude is 5.5 m (18 ft), for which reason it cannot be a reef. It sits in about 35 fathoms (210 ft), 400 yd north of the cape (close inshore), about 1100 yd from the light.[10]

Maps

See also

References

  1. ↑"Orthodox calendar in Crete | Crete Private Tour Guide". www.tourguidescrete.com/.
  2. ↑"At Crete's Easternmost Point | Cabo Sidero :: gastronomicon". www.gastronomicon.gr. May 3, 2025.
  3. ↑Smith 1908, p. 236
  4. ↑Google maps measurement tool.
  5. ↑Kopaka & Kossyva 1999, p. 136
  6. ↑Kopaka & Kossyva 1999, pp. 441–442
  7. ↑Hydrographic Office 1942, p. 159
  8. ↑Forbes & Spratt 1865, p. 249
  9. ↑Kopaka & Kossyva 1999, pp. 441–442 A rock is under 0.02 km2
  10. ↑Hydrographic Office 1942, p. 158

Reference bibliography

  • Forbes, Edward; Spratt, T.A.B (1865). Travels and Researches in Crete. Vol. I, Travels in Lycia, Milyan, and the Cibyratis. London: John Van Voorst.
  • Hydrographic Office (1942). Sailing Directions for the Mediterranean. Vol. IV, Libya, Egypt, Turkey (southern coast), Syria, Palestine, and the islands of Crete, Scarpanto, Rhodes, and Cyprus. Washington DC: US Government Printing Office.
  • Kopaka, K.; Kossyva, A. (1999). "II An Island's Isles: Crete And Its Insular Components. A Preliminary Approach". Meletemata: Studies In Aegean Archaeology Presented To Malcolm H. Wiener As He Enters His 65th Year. Austin, Texas: Université de Liège.
  • Smith, C.V.; et al. (1908). The Mediterranean Pilot. Vol. IV, Comprising the Archipelago, with the adjacent coasts of Greece, Bulgaria, and Turkey: including also the island of Crete or Candia (Fourth ed.). London: Hydrographic Office, Admiralty.
  • Photographs of the cape