Batalla de Pirot

La batalla de Pirot ( en búlgaro : Битка при Пирот; en serbio : Битка код Пирота ) tuvo lugar entre el 26 y el 27 de noviembre de 1885 ^[a] , durante la guerra serbo-búlgara , cerca de la ciudad de Pirot , Serbia . La batalla enfrentó al Cuerpo Occidental de Bulgaria con el Ejército de Nišava serbio. Terminó con una victoria búlgara y la firma de un armisticio. La batalla condujo al Tratado de Bucarest, que puso fin a la guerra serbo-búlgara y restableció la paz entre ambos países.

Preludio

Tras la victoria búlgara en la batalla de Slivnitsa , librada del 17 al 19 de noviembre de 1885, el ejército búlgaro contraatacó. ^{[ 2 ]} Las tropas búlgaras derrotaron a los serbios en Gurgulyat (19 de noviembre) y Dragoman (22 de noviembre) y posteriormente llegaron a la ciudad de Pirot , ^{[ 3 ]} donde el ejército serbio de Nišava ocupó posiciones defensivas en las colinas al oeste de la ciudad. ^{[ 2 ]}

Batalla

On 26 November, the Bulgarians defeated the Serbian cover forces along the border and moved on to Pirot. At around 15:00 on the same day, the Bulgarian advanced guard engaged the enemy and first achieved success on the left flank of the front, after the detachment of Captain Popov had seized the heights of Divan and Cherni Vrah. On the right flank, the 10th Regiment of the Serbian Šumadija Division retreated followed by the two battalions sent to defend Pirot. During the skirmishes on the left flank, the Bulgarians had suffered 48 killed, 136 wounded and 27 missing, and the Serbians lost 67 soldiers, had 134 wounded and 85 captured. The Serbians were badly equipped and unprepared and used second-hand obsolete Russian artillery, and the Bulgarian used modern German weaponry.^[4]

During the night of 27 November, the Serbs regrouped and at dawn managed to retake Pirot from the Bulgarians.^[1] The column of Major Gudzhev attacked the Šumadija Division and the Bulgarians managed to push the Serbs to the river Temska. The retreat of the Šumadija Division forced the Drina Division to pull back as well and the Bulgarians pursued them. On the left flank, the Bulgarians were also successful. The Serbs managed to hold their position in the southern part of Pirot until the night.^[1] Later the Bulgarians pushed the Serbs from the city and attacked Serbian army positions west of the town of Pirot.^[5] The Serbians continued to hold a position to the south of the town till nightfall.

Aftermath

A day after the victory, the Bulgarian Army prepared to continue its advance to the city of Niš, which was a target of the Greater Bulgarian national project, but the Austro-Hungarian delegation in the Bulgarian capital made it clear that if the Bulgarian advance continued, Austria-Hungary would intervene in the war on the side of Serbia. As a result, the same day, an armistice was concluded.^[1] The treaty of Bucharest on 3 March 1886 brought the brief war to an end and restored the prewar status quo.^[6]

Notes

¹ In the Julian calendar, the battle was on 14 and 15 November.

References

1 2 3 4 5 6 7Harbottle, T.B. (2019). Dictionary of Battles: From the Earliest Date to the Present Time. Good Press. p. 199.
1 2Hall, Richard C. (2014). War in the Balkans: An Encyclopedic History from the Fall of the Ottoman Empire to the Breakup of Yugoslavia. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 61. ISBN 978-1-61069-031-7.
↑ Пейчев, А. y др. 1300 години на стража , София, 1984, Военно издателство, p. 211
↑ Barker, P. (2016). Caballo, infantería y armas de fuego Versión 1.1 . Lulu.com. ISBN 978-1-326-57118-4. Consultado el 6 de septiembre de 2020 .
↑ Tucker, S. (2010). Una cronología global del conflicto . Una cronología global del conflicto: del mundo antiguo al Medio Oriente moderno. ABC-CLIO. pág. 1486. ISBN 978-1-85109-667-1.
↑ Goldstein, E. (2005). Guerras y tratados de paz: 1816 a 1991. Taylor & Francis. pág. 34. ISBN 978-1-134-89912-8.

Fuentes

Атанасов, Щ. y др. Българското военно изкуство през капитализма , Sofía, 1959, Държавно военно издателство при МНО
Dimitrov, И., Съединението 1885 - енциклопедичен справочник , Sofía, 1985, Държавно издателство „д-р Петър Берон"
Недевска, Е., Шанов, С. Сръбско-българската война 1885. Сборник спомени , София, 1985, Военно издателство
Венедиков, Й., История на доброволците от Сръбско-българската война 1885 година , Sofía, 1985, Издателство на отечествения фронт, стр. 181-190
Христов, Х. y др. Сръбско-българската война 1885. Сборник документи , София, 1985, Военно издателство

[Harbottle_2019_p.-1] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7Harbottle, T.B. (2019). Dictionary of Battles: From the Earliest Date to the Present Time. Good Press. p. 199.

[Hall_2014_p._61-2] 1 2Hall, Richard C. (2014). War in the Balkans: An Encyclopedic History from the Fall of the Ottoman Empire to the Breakup of Yugoslavia. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 61. ISBN 978-1-61069-031-7.

[3] Пейчев, А. y др. 1300 години на стража , София, 1984, Военно издателство, p. 211

[Barker_2016_p._65-4] Barker, P. (2016). Caballo, infantería y armas de fuego Versión 1.1 . Lulu.com. ISBN 978-1-326-57118-4. Consultado el 6 de septiembre de 2020 .

[Tucker_2010_p.-5] Tucker, S. (2010). Una cronología global del conflicto . Una cronología global del conflicto: del mundo antiguo al Medio Oriente moderno. ABC-CLIO. pág. 1486. ISBN 978-1-85109-667-1.

[Goldstein_2005_p._34-6] Goldstein, E. (2005). Guerras y tratados de paz: 1816 a 1991. Taylor & Francis. pág. 34. ISBN 978-1-134-89912-8.

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