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Frontoparietal network

The salience network is theorised to mediate switching between the default mode network and frontoparietal network (central executive network). [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The frontoparie...

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The salience network is theorised to mediate switching between the default mode network and frontoparietal network (central executive network).[1][2][3]

The frontoparietal network (FPN), generally also known as the central executive network (CEN) or, more specifically, the lateral frontoparietal network (L-FPN) (see Nomenclature), is a large-scale brain network primarily composed of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and posterior parietal cortex,[4] around the intraparietal sulcus.[5] It is involved in sustained attention, complex problem-solving and working memory.[1]

The FPN is one of three networks in the so-called triple-network model, along with the salience network and the default mode network (DMN).[6] The salience network facilitates switching between the FPN and DMN.[1][2]

Anatomy

The FPN is primarily composed of the rostral lateral and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (especially the middle frontal gyrus) and the anterior inferior parietal lobule. Additional regions include the middle cingulate gyrus and potentially the dorsal precuneus, posterior inferior temporal lobe, dorsomedial thalamus and the head of the caudate nucleus.[7]

Function

The FPN is involved in executive function and goal-oriented, cognitively demanding tasks.[7] It is crucial for rule-based problem solving, actively maintaining and manipulating information in working memory and making decisions in the context of goal-directed behaviour.[1] Efficient processing in the frontoparietal network during cognitive control tasks enables the fulfillment of cognitive demands.[8] Based on current cognitive demands, the FPN flexibly divides into two subsystems that connect to other networks: the default mode network for introspective processes and the dorsal attention network for perceptual attention.[9]

Clinical significance

Disruption of the nodes of the FPN has been found in virtually every psychiatric and neurological disorder, from autism, schizophrenia and depression to frontotemporal dementia and Alzheimer's disease.[1]

Nomenclature

The term central executive network (CEN) is generally equivalent to the frontoparietal network in literature,[10][11][12] distinguishing it from the dorsal attention network (DAN), with which it has several similarities,[5] though sometimes it has been used to include the DAN.[12]

The FPN has fewer similarities with the salience network (which has also been equated with the cingulo-opercular network or ventral attention network[7]). Regardless, it has sometimes been grouped together with either the DAN or the salience network (usually the latter[13]) under the name executive control network (ECN).[5] The term frontoparietal control network (FPCN) has also been used, generally also for a grouping of the FPN and the salience network.[5][13]

Other names for the FPN have included the multiple-demand system, extrinsic mode network, domain-general system and cognitive control network.[7]

In 2019, Uddin et al. proposed that lateral frontoparietal network (L-FPN) be used as the standard name for this network.[7]

See also

References

  1. 12345Menon, Vinod (1 October 2011). "Large-scale brain networks and psychopathology: a unifying triple network model". Trends in Cognitive Sciences. 15 (10): 483–506. doi:10.1016/j.tics.2011.08.003. ISSN 1364-6613. PMID 21908230. S2CID 26653572.
  2. 1 2 Sridharan, D.; Levitin, DJ; Menon, V. (22 de agosto de 2008). "Un papel crítico para la corteza frontoinsular derecha en el cambio entre las redes ejecutiva central y de modo predeterminado" . Actas de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias . 105 (34): 12569– 12574. Bibcode : 2008PNAS..10512569S . doi : 10.1073/pnas.0800005105 . PMC 2527952. PMID 18723676 .  
  3. ↑ Nekovarova, Tereza; Fajnerova, Iveta; Horacek, Jiri; Spaniel, Filip (30 de mayo de 2014). "Uniendo síntomas dispares de la esquizofrenia: una teoría de disfunción de triple red" . Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience . 8 : 171. doi : 10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00171 . PMC 4038855. PMID 24910597 .  
  4. ^ Gong, Diankun; Él, Hui; Mamá, Weiyi; Liu, Dongbo; Huang, Mengting; Dong, Li; Gong, Jinnan; Li, Jianfu; Luo, Cheng (14 de enero de 2016). "Integración funcional entre prominencia y redes ejecutivas centrales: un papel para la experiencia de los videojuegos de acción" . Plasticidad neuronal . 2016 : 1– 9. doi : 10.1155/2016/9803165 . PMC 4739029 . PMID 26885408 .  
  5. 1 2 3 4 Gratton, Caterina; Sun, Haoxin; Petersen, Steven E. (2018). "Redes de control y centros" . Psicofisiología . 55 (3) e13032. doi : 10.1111/psyp.13032 . ISSN 1469-8986 . PMC 5811327. PMID 29193146 .   
  6. ↑ van Oort, J.; Tendolkar, I.; Hermans, EJ; Mulders, PC; Beckmann, CF; Schene, AH; Fernández, G.; van Eijndhoven, PF (1 de diciembre de 2017). "Cómo se conecta el cerebro en respuesta al estrés agudo: una revisión a nivel de los sistemas del cerebro humano" . Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews . 83 : 281–297 . doi : 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.10.015 . hdl : 2066/181920 . ISSN 0149-7634 . ​​PMID 29074385. S2CID 35066027 .   
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 Uddin, Lucina Q.; Yeo, BT Thomas; Spreng, R. Nathan (1 de noviembre de 2019). " Hacia una taxonomía universal de redes cerebrales humanas funcionales a macroescala" . Brain Topography . 32 (6): 926– 942. doi : 10.1007/s10548-019-00744-6 . ISSN 1573-6792 . PMC 7325607. PMID 31707621 .   
  8. ↑ Saberi M, Rieck JR, Golafshan S, Grady CL, Misic B, Dunkley BT, Khatibi A (2024). " El cerebro asigna selectivamente energía a redes cerebrales funcionales bajo control cognitivo" . Scientific Reports . 14 (1): 32032. Bibcode : 2024NatSR..1432032S . doi : 10.1038/s41598-024-83696-7 . PMC 11686059. PMID 39738735 .  
  9. ↑ Dixon, ML; De La Vega, A; Mills, C; Andrews-Hanna, J; Spreng, RN; Cole, MW; Christoff, K (13 de febrero de 2018). "Heterogeneidad dentro de la red de control frontoparietal y su relación con las redes de atención por defecto y dorsal" . Actas de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias de los Estados Unidos de América . 115 (7): E1598– E1607. doi : 10.1073/pnas.1715766115 . PMC 5816169. PMID 29382744 .  
  10. ↑ Philippi, Carissa L.; Pujara, Maia S.; Motzkin, Julian C.; Newman, Joseph; Kiehl, Kent A.; Koenigs, Michael (15 de abril de 2015). "Conectividad funcional en estado de reposo alterada en redes corticales en la psicopatía" . Journal of Neuroscience . 35 (15): 6068– 6078. doi : 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5010-14.2015 . ISSN 0270-6474 . PMC 4397604. PMID 25878280 .   
  11. ↑ Brodal, Per (2016). El sistema nervioso central . Oxford University Press. pág. 578. ISBN  978-0-19-022895-8.
  12. ^ Littow , Harri; Huossa, Ville; Karjalainen, Sami; Jääskeläinen, Erika; Haapea, Marianne; Miettunen, Jouko; Tervonen, Osmo; Isohanni, Matti; Nikkinen, Juha; Veijola, Juha; Murray, Graham (2015). "Conectividad funcional aberrante en el modo predeterminado y redes ejecutivas centrales en sujetos con esquizofrenia: un estudio de ICA en estado de reposo de todo el cerebro" . Fronteras en Psiquiatría . 6 : 26. doi : 10.3389/fpsyt.2015.00026 . ISSN 1664-0640 . PMC 4341512 . PMID 25767449 . S2CID 14879568 .    
  13. 1 2 Spreng, R. Nathan; Sepulcre, Jorge; Turner, Gary R.; Stevens, W. Dale; Schacter, Daniel L. (enero de 2013). "Arquitectura intrínseca subyacente a las relaciones entre las redes de control por defecto, de atención dorsal y frontoparietal del cerebro humano" . Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience . 25 (1): 74– 86. doi : 10.1162/jocn_a_00281 . ISSN 0898-929X . PMC 3816715. PMID 22905821 .