Clathria

Clathria es un género grande de demosponjas de la familia Microcionidae .^{[ 1 ]}

Taxonomía

Clathria fue nombrada formalmente por primera vez en Die Spongien des adriatischen Meeres ("Las esponjas del mar Adriático") de Eduard Oscar Schmidt en 1862. ^[¹^]^[²^] La especie tipo es Clathria ( Clathria ) compressa . ^[¹^]

El género se divide en varios subgéneros: ^{[ 1 ]}

Clathria ( Axosuberites ) Topsent, 1893
Clathria ( Clathria ) Schmidt, 1862
Clathria ( Cornulotrocha ) Hallmann, 1920
Clathria ( Dendrocia ) Topsent, 1927
Clathria ( Isociella ) Hallmann, 1920
Clathria ( Microciona ) Bowerbank, 1862
Clathria ( Paresperia ) Burton, 1930
Clathria ( Thalysias ) Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864
Clathria ( Wilsonella ) Carter, 1885

Especies

Las siguientes especies se reconocen en el género Clathria : ^{[ 1 ]}

Subgénero Axosuberites Topsent, 1893

Clathria aurantia Annunziata, Cavalcanti, Santos & Pinheiro, 2019
Clathria benguelaensis Samaai y Gibbons, 2005
Clathria canaliculata (Whitelegge, 1906)
Clathria cylindrica (Ridley y Dendy, 1886)
Clathria fauroti (Topsent, 1893)
Clathria flabellata (Topsent, 1916)
Clathria fromontae Hooper, 1996
Clathria georgiaensis Hooper, 1996
Clathria hillenburgi Annunziata, Cavalcanti, Santos & Pinheiro, 2019
Clathria lambei (Koltun, 1955)
Clathria macrotoxa (Bergquist y Fromont, 1988)
Clathria marplatensis (Cuartas, 1992)
Clathria multitoxaformis (Bergquist y Fromont, 1988)
Clathria nidificata (Kirkpatrick, 1907)
Clathria paquiaxia (Lévi, 1960)
Clathria papillata Van Soest, Beglinger & De Voogd, 2013
Clathria parva Lévi, 1963
Clathria patula (Hooper, 1996)
Clathria ramea (Koltun, 1964)
Clathria retamalesi Fernández, Bravo-Gómez, Cárdenas & Hajdu, 2020
Clathria riosae Van Soest, 2017
Clathria rosita Goodwin, Brewin & Brickle, 2012
Clathria thetidis (Hallmann, 1920)

Subgénero Clathria Schmidt, 1862

Clathria acanthostyli (Hoshino, 1981)
Clathria acanthotoxa (Stephens, 1916)
Clathria angulifera Dendy, 1896
Clathria anthoides Lévi, 1993
Clathria antyaja (Burton y Rao, 1932)
Clathria arbuscula (Fila, 1911)
Clathria arcifera (Schmidt, 1868)
Clathria arcuophora Whitelegge, 1907
Clathria arroyoi Uriz, 1984
Clathria asodes (de Laubenfels, 1930)
Clathria axociona Lévi, 1963
Clathria barleei (Bowerbank, 1866)
Clathria basilana Lévi, 1961
Clathria bergquistae Van Soest & Hooper, 2020
Clathria biclathrata Hooper en Hooper & Wiedenmayer, 1994
Clathria borealis Hooper, 1996
Clathria bulbosa Hooper y Lévi, 1993
Clathria burtoni Cuartas, 1995
Clathria caelataHallmann , 1912
Clathria calopora Pata blanca, 1907
Clathria calypso Boury-Esnault, 1973
Clathria carteri Topsent, 1889
Clathria chelifera (Hentschel, 1911)
Clathria (Clathria) compressa Schmidt, 1862
Clathria connectns (Hallmann, 1912)
Clathria conica Lévi, 1963
Clathria contorta (Bergquist y Fromont, 1988)
Clathria coralloides (Scopoli, 1772)
Clathria crassa (Lendenfeld, 1887)
Clathria dayi Lévi, 1963
Clathria decumbens Ridley, 1884
Clathria depressa Sarà & Melone, 1966
Clathria discreta (Thiele, 1905)
Clathria echinonematissima (Carter, 1887)
Clathria elastica Lévi, 1963
Clathria elegans Vosmaer, 1880
Clathria faviformis Lehnert y van Soest, 1996
Clathria flo Payne, Samaai y Gibbons, 2025
Clathria foliacea Topsent, 1889
Clathria foliascens Vacelet y Vasseur, 1971
Clathria frondiculata (Schmidt, 1864)
Clathria gageoensis Kim & Sim, 2005
Clathria gimnyeoungenesis Kim & Sim, 2008
Clathria gombawuiensis Kim y Sim, 2005
Clathria gomezae Van Soest, 2017
Clathria gorgonioides (Dendy, 1916)
Clathria hexagonopora Levi, 1963
Clathria hispidula (Ridley, 1884)
Clathria hjorti (Arnesen, 1920)
Clathria hongdoensis Kim & Sim, 2006
Clathria horrida (Row, 1911)
Clathria ieoensis Kang & Kim, 2018
Clathria inanchorata Ridley y Dendy, 1886
Clathria indica Dendy, 1889
Clathria inhacensis Thomas, 1979
Clathria intermedia Kirk, 1911
Clathria irregularis (Burton, 1931)
Clathria juncea Burton, 1931
Clathria jungtaedoensis Kim & Sim, 2007
Clathria coreana Sim y Lee, 1998
Clathria kylista Hooper y Lévi, 1993
Clathria laevigata Lambe, 1893
Clathria lipochela Burton, 1932
Clathria lissosclera Bergquist y Fromont, 1988
Clathria lobata Vosmaer, 1880
Clathria macroisochela Lévi, 1993
Clathria maeandrina Ridley, 1884
Clathria marissuperi Pulitzer-Finali, 1983
Clathria menoui Hooper & Lévi, 1993
Clathria meyeri (Bowerbank, 1877)
Clathria microchela (Stephens, 1916)
Clathria microxa Desqueyroux, 1972
Clathria mortenseni (Brøndsted, 1924)
Clathria mosulpia Sim & Byeon, 1989
Clathria multiformis Samaai, Pillay y Janson, 2019
Clathria multipes Hallmann, 1912
Clathria murphyi Hooper, 1996
Clathria nicoleae Vieira de Barros, Santos & Pinheiro, 2013
Clathria noarlungae Hooper, 1996
Clathria obliqua (George y Wilson, 1919)
Clathria oculata Burton, 1933
Clathria omegiensis Samaai y Gibbons, 2005
Clathria oxyphila (Hallmann, 1912)
Clathria pachystyla Lévi, 1963
Clathria papillosa Thiele, 1905
Clathria partita Hallmann, 1912
Clathria paucispicula (Burton, 1932)
Clathria pobre Brøndsted, 1927
Clathria pellicula Whitelegge, 1897
Clathria perforata (Lendenfeld, 1887)
Clathria piniformis (Carter, 1885)
Clathria plurityla Pulitzer-Finali, 1983
Clathria priestleyae Goodwin, Berman y Hendry, 2019
Clathria productitoxa (Hoshino, 1981)
Clathria prolifera (Ellis y Solander, 1786)
Clathria Pyramidalis (Brøndsted, 1924)
Clathria ramsayiensis Samaai, Pillay y Janson, 2019
Clathria ramus Kang & Kim, 2018
Clathria raphanus (Lamarck, 1814)
Clathria rectangulosa Schmidt, 1870
Clathria reticularis Kim & Sim, 2008
Clathria rhaphidotoxa Stephens, 1915
Clathria rubens (Lendenfeld, 1888)
Clathria sarai Hooper, 1996
Clathria saraspinifera Hooper, 1996
Clathria sartaginula (Lamarck, 1814)
Clathria shirahama Tanita, 1977
Clathria sohuksanensis Kim & Sim, 2006
Clathria spinispicula Tanita, 1968
Clathria spongodes Dendy, 1922
Clathria squalorum Wiedenmayer en Hooper & Wiedenmayer, 1994
Clathria striata Pata blanca, 1907
Clathria stromnessa Goodwin, Brewin & Brickle, 2012
Clathria surculosa (Esper, 1797)
Clathria terraenovae Dendy, 1924
Clathria tortuosa Uriz, 1988
Clathria toxipraedita Topsent, 1913
Clathria toxistricta Topsent, 1925
Clathria toxicyla (Sarà, 1959)
Clathria toxivaria (Sarà, 1959)
Clathria transiens Hallmann, 1912
Clathria typica sensu Kirkpatrick, 1903
Clathria ulmus Vosmaer, 1880
Clathria unica Cuartas, 1992
Clathria unoriginalis Turner & Lonhart, 2023
Clathria vasiformis (de Laubenfels, 1953)
Clathria whiteleggii Dendy, 1922
Clathria wilsoni Wiedenmayer, 1989
Clathria zoanthifera Levi, 1963

Subgénero Cornulotrocha Topsent, 1927

Clathria cheliglomerata Van Soest, Beglinger y De Voogd, 2013
Clathria cheliradians (Topsent, 1927)
Clathria polita (Ridley, 1881)
Clathria rosetafiordica Hajdu, Desqueyroux-Faúndez & Willenz, 2006

Subgénero Dendrocia Hallmann, 1920

Clathria curvichela (Hallmann, 1912)
Clathria dura Whitelegge, 1901
Clathria elegantula Ridley & Dendy, 1886
Clathria imperfecta Dendy, 1896
Clathria mixiloides Dendy, 1896
Clathria pyramida Lendenfeld, 1888
Clathria scabida (Carter, 1885)
Clathria tuberculata (Burton, 1934)

Subgénero Isociella Hallmann, 1920

Clathria excéntrica (Burton, 1934)
Clathria incrustans Bergquist, 1961
Clathria macropora Lendenfeld, 1888
Clathria oudekraalensis Samaai y Gibbons, 2005
Clathria selachia Hooper, 1996
Clathria skia Hooper, 1996

Subgénero Microciona Bowerbank, 1862

Clathria acarnoides Van Soest, Meesters y Becking, 2014
Clathria aceratoobtusa (Carter, 1887)
Clathria achelata Sandes & Pinheiro, 2016
Clathria aculeofila Aguirre, Hooker, Willenz & Hajdu, 2011
Clathria adioristica (de Laubenfels, 1953)
Clathria affinis (Carter, 1880)
Clathria africana (Lévi, 1956)
Clathria anancora (Topsent, 1904)
Clathria angularis (Sarà y Siribelli, 1960)
Clathria anónima (Burton, 1959)
Clathria antarctica (Topsent, 1917)
Clathria aquaradiata Ott, McDaniel y Humphrey, 2024
Clathria armata (Bowerbank, 1862)
Clathria ascendens (Cabioch, 1968)
Clathria ascensionis Van Soest, Beglinger y De Voogd, 2013
Clathria assimilis Topsent, 1925
Clathria atoxa Topsent, 1928
Clathria atrasanguinea (Bowerbank, 1862)
Clathria aurea Van Soest, Beglinger & De Voogd, 2013
Clathria basifixa (Topsent, 1913)
Clathria bicleistochelifera Van Soest, Beglinger y De Voogd, 2013
Clathria bitoxa (Burton, 1930)
Clathria boavistaeVan Soest, Beglinger & De Voogd, 2013
Clathria brepha (Laubenfels, 1930)
Clathria bulboretorta (Carter, 1880)
Clathria bulbotoxa van Soest, 1984
Clathria calla (Laubenfels, 1934)
Clathria calloides Van Soest, Beglinger y De Voogd, 2013
Clathria campecheae Hooper, 1996
Clathria cancapseptima Van Soest, Beglinger & De Voogd, 2013
Clathria capverdensis Van Soest, Beglinger & De Voogd, 2013
Clathria Cheeki Goodwin, Jones, Neely & Brickle, 2016
Clathria claudei Hooper, 1996
Clathria cleistochela Topsent, 1925
Clathria coccinea (Bergquist, 1961)
Clathria conchicola Van Soest, Beglinger y De Voogd, 2013
Clathria crassitoxa Santos y Pinheiro, 2014
Clathria ctenichela (Alander, 1942)
Clathria danielae Cavalcanti, Santos & Pinheiro, 2019
Clathria dendyi (Bergquist y Fromont, 1988)
Clathria densa (Burton, 1959)
Clathria dianae (Schmidt, 1875)
Clathria ditoxa (Stephens, 1916)
Clathria dúplex Sarà, 1958
Clathria echinata (Alcolado, 1984)
Clathria elliptichela (Alander, 1942)
Clathria fallax (Bowerbank, 1866)
Clathria ferrea (de Laubenfels, 1936)
Clathria frogeti (Vacelet, 1969)
Clathria gorgadensis Van Soest, Beglinger y De Voogd, 2013
Clathria gradalis Topsent, 1925
Clathria grisea (Hentschel, 1911)
Clathria haematodes (de Laubenfels, 1957)
Clathria haplotoxa (Topsent, 1928)
Clathria hentscheli Hooper, 1996
Clathria heterotoxa (Hentschel, 1929)
Clathria hymedesmioides van Soest, 1984
Clathria illawarrae Hooper, 1996
Clathria ixauda (Lévi, 1969)
Clathria laevis (Bowerbank, 1866)
Clathria lajorei (de Laubenfels, 1954)
Clathria larae Cavalcanti, Santos & Pinheiro, 2019
Clathria leighensis Hooper, 1996
Clathria levii (Sarà y Siribelli, 1960)
Clathria lizardensis Hooper, 1996
Clathria longistyla (Burton, 1959)
Clathria macrochela (Lévi, 1960)
Clathria matthewsi Goodwin, Brewin & Brickle, 2012
Clathria microjoanna (de Laubenfels, 1930)
Clathria micronesia (de Laubenfels, 1954)
Clathria microxea (Vacelet y Vasseur, 1971)
Clathria mima (de Laubenfels, 1954)
Clathria moraesi Cavalcanti, Santos & Pinheiro, 2019
Clathria mytilifila Hajdu, Desqueyroux-Faúndez, Carvalho, Lôbo-Hajdu & Willenz, 2013
Clathria namibiensis (Uriz, 1984)
Clathria nisiae Cavalcanti, Santos & Pinheiro, 2019
Clathria normani (Burton, 1930)
Clathria novaezealandiae (Brøndsted, 1924)
Clathria osismica (Cabioch, 1968)
Clathria parthena (de Laubenfels, 1930)
Clathria pennata (Lambe, 1895)
Clathria plinthina (de Laubenfels, 1954)
Clathria poecilosclera (Sarà & Siribelli, 1960)
Clathria primitiva (Koltun, 1955)
Clathria rarispinosa (Hechtel, 1965)
Clathria rhopalophora (Hentschel, 1912)
Clathria richmondi Hooper, Kelly & Kennedy, 2000
Clathria rumsena Turner & Lonhart, 2023
Clathria saoensis Gastaldi, De Paula, Narvarte, Lôbo-Hajdu & Hajdu, 2018
Clathria scotti (Dendy, 1924)
Clathria sigmoidea (Cuartas, 1992)
Clathria simae Hooper, 1996
Clathria similis (Thiele, 1903)
Clathria sinyangensis Kim & Sim, 2009
Clathria snelliusae Van Soest, 2017
Clathria spinarcus (Carter y Hope, 1889)
Clathria spinatoxa (Hoshino, 1981)
Clathria spinosa (Wilson, 1902)
Clathria spongigartina (Laubenfels, 1930)
Clathria stellata Sim-Smith, Hickman y Kelly, 2021
Clathria stephensae Hooper, 1996
Clathria strepsitoxa (Esperanza, 1889)
Clathria tenebrosa Goodwin, Jones, Neely y Brickle, 2016
Clathria tenuis (Stephens, 1915)
Clathria tenuissima (Stephens, 1916)
Clathria tetrastyla (Hentschel, 1912)
Clathria thielei (Hentschel, 1912)
Clathria toxicimajor Topsent, 1925
Clathria toxirecta (Sarà y Siribelli, 1960)
Clathria toxitenuis Topsent, 1925
Clathria trairae Santos & Pinheiro, 2014
Clathria túnisiae Hooper, 1996
Clathria vacelettia Hooper, 1996

Subgénero Paresperia Burton, 1930

Clathria anchorata (Carter, 1874)

Subgénero Thalysias Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864

Clathria abietina (Lamarck, 1814)
Clathria amabilis (Thiele, 1905)
Clathria amirantiensisHooper , 1996
Clathria anomala (Burton, 1933)
Clathria aphylla Hooper, 1996
Clathria araiosa Hooper y Lévi, 1993
Clathria arborescens (Ridley, 1884)
Arteria clathria (de Laubenfels, 1954)
Clathria aruensis (Hentschel, 1912)
Clathria basiarenacea (Boury-Esnault, 1973)
Clathria bitoxifera (Koltun, 1970)
Clathria cactiformis (Lamarck, 1814)
Clathria calochela (Hentschel, 1912)
Clathria cancellaria (Lamarck, 1814)
Clathria cervicornis (Thiele, 1903)
Clathria chelosigmoidea Zea, Rodríguez y Martínez, 2014
Clathria collosclera van Soest, 2009
Clathria complanata Van Soest, 2017
Clathria coppingeri Ridley, 1884
Clathria coralliophila (Thiele, 1903)
Clathria coriocrassus (Bergquist y Fromont, 1988)
Clathria corneolia Hooper y Lévi, 1993
Clathria costifera Hallmann, 1912
Clathria craspedia Hooper, 1996
Clathria cratitia (Esper, 1797)
Clathria cullingworthi Burton, 1931
Clathria curacaoensis Arndt, 1927
Clathria darwinensis Hooper, 1996
Clathria delaubenfelsi (Lévi, 1963)
Clathria distinta (Thiele, 1903)
Clathria dubia (Kirkpatrick, 1900)
Clathria encrusta Kumar, 1925
Clathria erecta (Thiele, 1899)
Clathria eurypa (Laubenfels, 1954)
Clathria fascicularis Topsent, 1889
Clathria fasciculata Wilson, 1925
Clathria filifera (Ridley y Dendy, 1886)
Clathria flabellifera Hooper & Lévi, 1993
Clathria fusterna Hooper, 1996
Clathria hallmanni Hooper, 1996
Clathria hermicola van Soest, Kaiser y Van Syoc, 2011
Clathria hesperia Hooper, 1996
Clathria hirsuta Hooper y Lévi, 1993
Clathria Hooperi Samaai y Gibbons, 2005
Clathria isodictyoides (van Soest, 1984)
Clathria jolicoeuri (Topsent, 1892)
Clathria juniperina (Lamarck, 1814)
Clathria kieschnicki Hooper en Hooper & Wiedenmayer, 1994
Clathria kilauea (Laubenfels, 1951)
Clathria koltuni Hooper en Hooper & Wiedenmayer, 1994
Clathria lambda (Lévi, 1958)
Clathria lematolae Hooper, 1996
Clathria lendenfeldi Ridley & Dendy, 1886
Clathria linda (de Laubenfels, 1954)
Clathria lissoclada (Burton, 1934)
Clathria longitoxa (Hentschel, 1912)
Clathria mayor Hentschel, 1912
Clathria maunaloa (de Laubenfels, 1951)
Clathria mauriceburtoni Van Soest & Hooper, 2020
Clathria membranacea (Thiele, 1905)
Clathria michaelseni (Hentschel, 1911)
Clathria micropunctata (Burton y Rao, 1932)
Clathria minuta (van Soest, 1984)
Clathria minutoides Van Soest, Beglinger & De Voogd, 2013
Clathria mutabilis (Topsent, 1897)
Clathria naikaiensis (Hoshino, 1981)
Clathria nerviosa (Lévi, 1963)
Clathria nuda Hentschel, 1912
† Clathria ongulensis (Hoshino, 1977)
Clathria opalina Zea, Rodríguez & Martínez, 2014
Clathria orientalis (Brøndsted, 1934)
Clathria originalis (de Laubenfels, 1930)
Clathria oxeota (van Soest, 1984)
Clathria oxitoxa Lévi, 1963
Clathria phorbasiformis Hooper, 1996
Placenta de Clathria (Lamarck, 1814)
Clathria procera (Ridley, 1884)
Clathria ramosa (Kieschnick, 1896)
Clathria reinwardti Vosmaer, 1880
Clathria repens Galindo, Hooper & Pinheiro, 2014
Clathria ridleyi (Lindgren, 1897)
Clathria robusta (Dendy, 1922)
Clathria rubispina (Lamarck, 1814)
Clathria rubra (Lendenfeld, 1888)
Clathria spinifera (Lindgren, 1897)
Estiloprótesis de Clathria Hooper, 1996
Clathria sulfocleistochela Zea, Rodríguez y Martínez, 2014
Clathria tingens Hooper, 1996
Clathria topsenti (Thiele, 1899)
Clathria toxifera (Hentschel, 1912)
Clathria vacata Van Soest, Beglinger & De Voogd, 2013
Clathria venosa (Alcolado, 1984)
Clathria virgultosa (Esper, 1806)
Clathria vulpina (Lamarck, 1814)
Clathria wesselensis Hooper, 1996
Clathria zeai Van Soest, 2017

Subgénero Wilsonella Carter, 1885

Clathria abrolhosensis Hooper, 1996
Clathria australiensis Carter, 1885
Clathria cercidochela (Vacelet y Vasseur, 1971)
Clathria claviformis Hentschel, 1912
Clathria ensiae Hooper, 1996
Foraminíferos Clathria (Burton y Rao, 1932)
Clathria guettardi (Topsent, 1933)
Clathria Lindgreni Hooper, 1996
Clathria litos Hooper & Lévi, 1993
Clathria mixta Hentschel, 1912
Clathria nigra (Boury-Esnault, 1973)
Clathria pseudonapya (de Laubenfels, 1930)
Clathria reticulata (Lendenfeld, 1888)
Clathria rugosa Hooper y Lévi, 1993
Clathria tuberosa (Bowerbank, 1875)

Subgénero no asignado

Clathria compressa (Bowerbank, 1875)
Clathria dichela sensu Vacelet, Vasseur & Lévi, 1976
Clathria frondosa (Pallas, 1766)
Clathria granulata (Keller, 1889)
Clathria schmitti (de Laubenfels, 1942)

Referencias

1 2 3 4 5 "Clathria Schmidt, 1862" . Registro Mundial de Especies Marinas . Consultado el 2 de junio de 2020 .
^ Schmidt, O. (1862). Die Spongien des adriatischen Meeres. (Wilhelm Engelmann: Leipzig): i-viii, 1-88, pls 1-7.

[worms-1] 1 2 3 4 5 "Clathria Schmidt, 1862" . Registro Mundial de Especies Marinas . Consultado el 2 de junio de 2020 .

[schmidt1862-2] Schmidt, O. (1862). Die Spongien des adriatischen Meeres. (Wilhelm Engelmann: Leipzig): i-viii, 1-88, pls 1-7.

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