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Pacific Ocean theater of World War II

The battleship USS New York firing her main guns on 16 February 1945 in the lead up to the Battle of Iwo Jima The Pacific Ocean theater of World War II was a major theater of ...

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The battleship USS New York firing her main guns on 16 February 1945 in the lead up to the Battle of Iwo Jima

The Pacific Ocean theater of World War II was a major theater of war between the Allied powers and the Empire of Japan during World War II.[1] It was one of four theaters within the overall Pacific War, the largest theater of World War II. The other three theaters were the South West Pacific theater, the Second Sino-Japanese War, and the brief Soviet–Japanese War. The term "Pacific Theater" can refer to the overall Pacific War or the Pacific Ocean theater, depending on context.

Commands

Allied

The Western Allies' command structure in the Pacific

On March 30, 1942, US AdmiralChester Nimitz was appointed Commander-in-Chief, Pacific Ocean Areas. In the other major theater in the Pacific region, known as the South West Pacific theater, Allied forces were commanded by US GeneralDouglas MacArthur. Both Nimitz and MacArthur were overseen by the US Joint Chiefs, and indirectly by the British-American Combined Chiefs of Staff.

In the Pacific Ocean theater, Japanese forces fought primarily against the United States Navy, the U.S. Army, which had 6 Corps and 21 Divisions, and the U.S. Marine Corps, which had only 6 Divisions. The United Kingdom (British Pacific Fleet), New Zealand, Australia, Canada, and other Allied nations, also contributed forces.

Japanese

Most Japanese forces in the theater were part of the Combined Fleet (連合艦隊, Rengō Kantai) of the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN), which was responsible for all Japanese warships, naval aircraft, and marine infantry units. The Rengō Kantai was led by Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto, until he was killed in an attack by U.S. fighter planes in April 1943.[2] Yamamoto was succeeded by Admiral Mineichi Koga (1943–44)[2] and Admiral Soemu Toyoda (1944–45).[3] The General Staff (参謀本部, Sanbō Honbu) of the Imperial Japanese Army (IJA) was responsible for Imperial Japanese Army ground and air units in Southeast Asia and the South Pacific. The IJN and IJA did not formally use joint/combined staff at the operational level, and their command structures/geographical areas of operations overlapped with each other and those of the Allies.

Campaigns and battles

Notas

  1. ↑ "Guerra del Pacífico" . Museo del Patrimonio Americano . Consultado el 3 de julio de 2026 .
  2. 1 2 Potter y Nimitz 1960 , pág. 717.
  3. ↑ Potter y Nimitz 1960 , págs. 759–60.

Referencias

  • Cressman, Robert J. (2000), Cronología oficial de la Armada de los Estados Unidos en la Segunda Guerra Mundial , Annapolis, MD : Naval Institute Press, ISBN 1-55750-149-1.
  • Drea, Edward J. (1998), Al servicio del emperador: Ensayos sobre el ejército imperial japonés , NB : University of Nebraska Press, ISBN 0-8032-1708-0.
  • Hakim, Joy (1995), Una historia de nosotros: guerra, paz y todo ese jazz , Nueva York: Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-509514-6.
  • Kafka, Roger; Pepperburg, Roy L. (1946), Buques de guerra del mundo , Nueva York: Cornell Maritime Press.
  • Miller, Edward S. (2007), Plan de guerra naranja: La estrategia estadounidense para derrotar a Japón, 1897-1945 , US Naval Institute Press, ISBN 978-1-59114-500-4.
  • Ofstie, Ralph A. (1946). Las campañas de la Guerra del Pacífico . Washington, DC: Oficina de Imprenta del Gobierno de los Estados Unidos..
  • Potter, EB; Nimitz, Chester W. (1960), Sea Power , Prentice-Hal.
  • Silverstone, Paul H. (1968), Buques de guerra estadounidenses de la Segunda Guerra Mundial , Doubleday & Co..
  • Toll, Ian W. (2011). Pacific Crucible: War at Sea in the Pacific, 1941–1942 . Nueva York: WW Norton.
  • — — — (2015). La marea conquistadora: la guerra en las islas del Pacífico, 1942-1944 . Nueva York: WW Norton.
  • — — — (2020). El ocaso de los dioses: la guerra en el Pacífico occidental, 1944-1945 . Nueva York: WW Norton.