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Lista de los destinatarios de la Cruz de Caballero de la Cruz de Hierro (Sa–Schr)

La Cruz de Caballero de la Cruz de Hierro ( en alemán : Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes ) y sus variantes fueron las condecoraciones más altas en las fuerzas militares y parami...

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La Cruz de Caballero de la Cruz de Hierro ( en alemán : Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes ) y sus variantes fueron las condecoraciones más altas en las fuerzas militares y paramilitares de la Alemania nazi durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial . La Cruz de Caballero de la Cruz de Hierro se otorgaba por una amplia gama de razones y en todos los rangos, desde un comandante superior por el liderazgo hábil de sus tropas en batalla hasta un soldado de bajo rango por un solo acto de extrema valentía. [1] Se realizaron un total de 7.321 condecoraciones entre su primera presentación el 30 de septiembre de 1939 y su última concesión el 17 de junio de 1945. [Nota 1] Este número se basa en el análisis y la aceptación de la comisión de órdenes de la Asociación de Recipientes de la Cruz de Caballero (AKCR). Se hicieron entregas a miembros de las tres ramas militares de la Wehrmacht —el Heer ( Ejército ), la Kriegsmarine ( Marina ) y la Luftwaffe ( Fuerza Aérea )—, así como de las Waffen-SS , el Reichsarbeitsdienst (RAD—Servicio de Trabajo del Reich) y la Volkssturm ( milicia nacional alemana ). También hubo 43 destinatarios en las fuerzas militares de los aliados del Tercer Reich . [3]

Estos destinatarios aparecen enumerados en la edición de 1986 del libro de Walther-Peer Fellgiebel, Die Träger des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939–1945 [ Los portadores de la Cruz de Caballero de la Cruz de Hierro 1939–1945 ]. Fellgiebel fue el ex presidente y jefe de la comisión de la orden del AKCR. En 1996, se publicó la segunda edición de este libro con un apéndice que eliminaba de la lista a 11 de estos destinatarios originales. El autor Veit Scherzer ha puesto en duda otras 193 de estas listas. La mayoría de los destinatarios en disputa habían sido nominados para el premio en 1945, cuando el deterioro de la situación de Alemania durante los últimos días de la Segunda Guerra Mundial dejó una serie de nominaciones incompletas y pendientes en varias etapas del proceso de aprobación. [4]

En esta lista se enumeran los 457 destinatarios cuyo apellido está en el rango "Sa–Schr". [5] Scherzer ha cuestionado la validez de 11 de estos listados. [6] Esta es la primera de dos listas de los 1.060 destinatarios de la Cruz de Caballero de la Cruz de Hierro cuyos apellidos comienzan con "S". Los destinatarios cuyo apellido está en el rango "Schu–Sz" están listados en Lista de destinatarios de la Cruz de Caballero de la Cruz de Hierro (Schu–Sz) . [7] Los destinatarios están ordenados alfabéticamente por apellido. El rango que se indica es el rango del destinatario en el momento en que se le otorgó la Cruz de Caballero.

Fondo

La Cruz de Caballero de la Cruz de Hierro y sus grados superiores se basaron en cuatro decretos separados . El primer decreto, Reichsgesetzblatt I S. 1573 del 1 de septiembre de 1939 instituyó la Cruz de Hierro ( Eisernes Kreuz ), la Cruz de Caballero de la Cruz de Hierro y la Gran Cruz de la Cruz de Hierro ( Großkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes ). El artículo 2 del decreto disponía que la concesión de una clase superior debía ser precedida por la concesión de todas las clases anteriores. [8] A medida que avanzaba la guerra, algunos de los destinatarios de la Cruz de Caballero se distinguieron aún más y se instituyó un grado superior, la Cruz de Caballero de la Cruz de Hierro con Hojas de Roble ( Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes mit Eichenlaub ). Las Hojas de Roble, como se las conocía comúnmente, se basaron en la promulgación Reichsgesetzblatt I S. 849 del 3 de junio de 1940. [9] En 1941, se instituyeron dos grados superiores de la Cruz de Caballero. La promulgación Reichsgesetzblatt I S. 613 del 28 de septiembre de 1941 introdujo la Cruz de Caballero de la Cruz de Hierro con hojas de roble y espadas ( Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes mit Eichenlaub und Schwertern ) y la Cruz de Caballero de la Cruz de Hierro con hojas de roble, espadas y diamantes ( Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes mit Eichenlaub, Schwertern und Brillante norte ). [10] A finales de 1944, la calificación final, la Cruz de Caballero de la Cruz de Hierro con hojas de roble dorado, espadas y diamantes ( Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes mit goldenem Eichenlaub, Schwertern und Brillanten ), basada en la promulgación Reichsgesetzblatt 1945 I S. 11 del 29 de diciembre de 1944, se convirtió en la última variante autorizada de la Cruz de Caballero. [11]

Destinatarios

El Oberkommando der Wehrmacht (Comando Supremo de las Fuerzas Armadas) mantuvo listas separadas de la Cruz de Caballero, una para cada una de las tres ramas militares, Heer ( Ejército ), Kriegsmarine ( Marina ), Luftwaffe ( Fuerza Aérea ) y para las Waffen-SS . Dentro de cada una de estas listas se asignó un número secuencial único a cada destinatario. El mismo paradigma de numeración se aplicó a los grados superiores de la Cruz de Caballero, una lista por grado. [12] De las 457 condecoraciones otorgadas a militares cuyo apellido está en el rango "Sa–Schr", 47 fueron posteriormente condecorados con la Cruz de Caballero de la Cruz de Hierro con Hojas de Roble, cuatro con la Cruz de Caballero de la Cruz de Hierro con Hojas de Roble y Espadas y tres con la Cruz de Caballero de la Cruz de Hierro con Hojas de Roble, Espadas y Diamantes; 28 presentaciones se hicieron póstumamente . Los miembros del Heer, incluido el Volkssturm, recibieron 294 de las medallas; 23 fueron a la Kriegsmarine, 109 a la Luftwaffe y 31 a las Waffen-SS y Allgemeine SS . [5] Los números secuenciales mayores que 843 para la Cruz de Caballero de la Cruz de Hierro con Hojas de Roble no son oficiales y fueron asignados por la Asociación de Recipientes de la Cruz de Caballero (AKCR) y, por lo tanto, se indican entre paréntesis. [13]

  Esto junto con el signo + (más) indica que también se otorgó un grado más alto de Cruz de Caballero.
  Esto junto con el * (asterisco) indica que la Cruz de Caballero fue otorgada póstumamente.
  Esto, junto con el signo de interrogación (?), indica que el autor Veit Scherzer ha expresado dudas sobre la veracidad y la corrección formal del listado.

Notas

  1. ^ El Gran Almirante y Presidente de Alemania Karl Dönitz , sucesor de Hitler como Jefe de Estado ( Staatsoberhaupt ) y Comandante Supremo de las Fuerzas Armadas, había ordenado el cese de todos los ascensos y condecoraciones a partir del 11 de mayo de 1945 ( decreto Dönitz ). En consecuencia, la última Cruz de Caballero otorgada al Oberleutnant zur See de las Reservas Georg-Wolfgang Feller el 17 de junio de 1945 debe considerarse una dádiva de facto pero no de iure. [2]
  2. ^ Para una explicación de los diversos esquemas de nombres utilizados por la Luftwaffe, el Heer, la Kriegsmarine y las Waffen-SS, consulte la nomenclatura utilizada por la Wehrmacht y las Waffen-SS .
  3. ↑ Según Scherzer como comandante del SS-Panzer-Aufklärungs-Abteilung 11. [14]
  4. ^ Según Scherzer como comandante del Marinegruppenkommando West. [14]
  5. ^ Según Scherzer como Zugführer (líder de pelotón) en el 4./Infanterie-Regiment 445. [17]
  6. ^ Según Scherzer como Oberleutnant des Beurlaubtenstandes (del estado de reserva). [17]
  7. ^ Según Scherzer, como jefe del 2./SS-Panzer-Regiment 3. [17]
  8. ↑ Según Scherzer, como lanzador de granadas Vorgeschobener Beobachter ( observador avanzado ) en el 3./Grenadier-Regiment 176. [17]
  9. ^ Según Scherzer, desaparecido en combate en marzo de 1945. [17]
  10. ^ No se puede encontrar ninguna evidencia de la concesión a Johann Sailer en los Archivos Federales Alemanes . Según Walther-Peer Fellgiebel, presumiblemente fue otorgada por el SS- Oberstgruppenführer Sepp Dietrich , lo que la convertiría en una entrega ilegal. Las fuentes de esta suposición son H. Buch y W. Kment. Según Buch (nota del 25 de junio de 2005), no tuvo nada que ver con esta entrega. Según Scherzer, Kment no puede ser la fuente, ya que Buch afirmó que Kment murió a principios de la década de 1970. Si de hecho Kment fuera la fuente, entonces von Seemen habría mencionado a Sailer en la primera o segunda edición de su libro, lo que no es el caso. El propio Sailer afirma en su libro " Kriegslebenslauf " (diario de guerra) que recibió la concesión el 4 de mayo de 1945. Fellgiebel fechó la concesión el 6 de mayo de 1945. Es posible que lo haya hecho para justificar que se trataba de una concesión Dietrich. Ernst-Günther Krätschmer menciona a Sailer por primera vez en la tercera edición de su libro sin citar ninguna fuente. Sailer también afirma haber recibido la Cruz Alemana en Oro el 19 de marzo de 1945, lo que tampoco se puede verificar. El autor Manfred Dörr tuvo acceso a la libreta de pagos de Sailer y se dio cuenta de que la entrada de la Cruz de Caballero era formalmente incorrecta. Por lo tanto, la entrada no parece ser auténtica. Sailer era miembro de la Asociación de Recipientes de la Cruz de Caballero (AKCR). [18]
  11. ^ Según Scherzer, como médico de departamento del II./Panzergrenadier-Regiment 26. [17]
  12. ^ Según Scherzer como comandante del gemischte Flak-Sturm-Abteilung 802 (desplegable). [17]
  13. ^ According to Scherzer as Zugführer (platoon leader) in the 3./SS-Panzer-Jäger-Abteilung 1.[21]
  14. ^ According to Scherzer as commander of the II./SS-Panzergrenadier-Regiment "Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler".[22]
  15. ^ According to Scherzer as leader of Infanterie-Regiment "Riedel"/Infanterie-Division Pommernland.[22]
  16. ^ According to Scherzer as chief of the battery "Lausitz" in the Marine-Flak-Abteilung 259.[22]
  17. ^ a b c d e f g h i j The brackets around the doctor title [Dr.] denotes that the academic title was attained after the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded.
  18. ^ According to Scherzer as Hauptmann of the Reserves.[24]
  19. ^ According to Scherzer as leader of SS-Regiment "Sattler" (SS-Unterführer-Schule Radolfzell) (189. Infanterie-Division).[24]
  20. ^ According to Scherzer as commander of Regiment "Sauer" in the fortress Breslau.[24]
  21. ^ According to Scherzer as Wachtmeister.[25]
  22. ^ No evidence of the award to Jordan Sauter can be found in the German Federal Archives. According to Von Seemen verified by his pay book and written communication with the German Federal Archives.[26] The presentation should have been made via the Army Group Vistula and subsequently via the Außenstelle of the Heerespersonalamt (HPA/A—Branch of the Army Staff Office). Sauter however is not listed in the records of the HPA/A. The author Veit Scherzer was denied access to files, which could help clarify the case, of the Association of Knight's Cross Recipients (AKCR) on the grounds of the Bundesarchivgesetz (German Archive Law). Sauter was a member of the AKCR.[27]
  23. ^ According to Scherzer as Zugführer (platoon leader) in the 14./Grenadier-Regiment 3.[25]
  24. ^ According to Scherzer as Zugführer (platoon leader) in the 14./Infanterie-Regiment 505.[25]
  25. ^ According to Scherzer the Knight's Cross was awarded on 7 October 1942.[25]
  26. ^ According to Scherzer in the 3./Flak-Regiment 40.[31]
  27. ^ According to Scherzer as ammunitions squadron leader in the 4./SS-Panzer-Artillerie-Regiment 2.[31]
  28. ^ According to Scherzer as leader of the 2./SS-Panzer-Jäger-Abteilung 8.[31]
  29. ^ According to Scherzer as leader Sturmgruppe "Beton" (assault group concrete) in the Luftlande-Sturmabteilung "Koch".[31]
  30. ^ a b According to Scherzer his full name was Hans-Marcel von Schack, and he received the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross as leader of SS-Kavallerie-Regiment 16.[32]
  31. ^ According to Scherzer as Leutnant of the Reserves.[32]
  32. ^ According to Scherzer as leader Sturmgruppe "Eisen" (assault group iron) in the Luftlande-Sturmabteilung "Koch".[32]
  33. ^ According to Scherzer on 2 September 1944.[32]
  34. ^ a b According to Scherzer on 7 April 1944 as pilot in the III.Kampfgeschwader 3.[32]
  35. ^ According to Scherzer as pilot in the I./Sturzkampfgeschwader 1.[32]
  36. ^ According to Scherzer as commander of the III./SS-Grenadier-Regiment (motorized) 10.[32]
  37. ^ According to Scherzer as leader of a Kampfgruppe of the II./Kampfgeschwader 200 (airborne mission against the Résistance on the Vercors Plateau southwest of Grenoble, France).[32]
  38. ^ According to Scherzer name is Johann Georg Schäfer.[35]
  39. ^ According to Scherzer in an emergency unit of the Fahnenjunker Schule VI/Kampfgruppe Krause (462. Infanterie-Division).[35]
  40. ^ According to Scherzer on 18 November 1944.[35]
  41. ^ Karl Schäfer's nomination by his unit was processed by the Oberkommando der Luftwaffe/Auszeichnung und Disziplin (OKL/AuD—Air Force High Command/Award and Discipline) on 15 April 1945. This nomination, now recommending approval, was forwarded on 16 April with a Luftwaffenpersonalamt-Verleihungsvorschlag (LPA-VV—Air Force Staff Office Nomination Recommendation) Nr. 1575 to the adjutancy of Hermann Göring. The nomination was never finalized and remained pending at the end of the war. A presentation of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross cannot be verified. The presentation date stated by Walther-Peer Fellgiebel is the forwarding date to the adjutancy of the Reichsmarschall.[36]
  42. ^ According to Scherzer as commander of SS-Panzer-Pionier-Bataillon 5.[35]
  43. ^ According to Scherzer as Major.[35]
  44. ^ According to Scherzer as pilot in the III./Sturzkampfgeschwader 1.[37]
  45. ^ According to Scherzer as Staffelführer of the 3./Jagdgeschwader 52.[37]
  46. ^ According to Scherzer as leader of Grenadier-Regiment 3.[37]
  47. ^ According to Scherzer as Zugführer (platoon leader) in the 8./Grenadier-Regiment 24.[37]
  48. ^ Heinrich Schatten's nomination was submitted to the Heerespersonalamt (HPA—Army Staff Office) on 19 April 1945. The book of "Verliehene Ritterkreuze" (Awarded Knight Crosses) contains an entry under Nr. 5176 stating the entry date 19 April 1945 and Major Joachim Domaschk approval "Knight's Cross yes". The file contains no further evidence of the approval or presentation of the award. The registry containing the approved or rejected nominations or deferred nominations contains his file card. According to the Association of Knight's Cross Recipients (AKCR) the award was presented in accordance with the Dönitz-decree. This is illegal according to the Deutsche Dienststelle (WASt) and lacks legal justification. The presentation date was assigned by Walther-Peer Fellgiebel.[27]
  49. ^ According to Scherzer as leader of the 1./Divisions-Füsilier-Bataillon 320.[40]
  50. ^ According to Scherzer as pilot in the 3./Jagdgeschwader 54.[40]
  51. ^ Siegfried Scheibe's nomination was received by the Heerespersonalamt (HPA—Army Staff Office) on 2 April 1945, the number 5047 had been created and according to the file card forwarded for further processing on 11 April 1945. No further comments or notes indicate that the nomination was finalized. Mr Meentz of the German Federal Archives stated on 20 July 2004 that it cannot be verified that Scheibe received the Knight's Cross. Walther-Peer Fellgiebel assigned the presentation date of 11 May 1945. Krätschmer claims that the award was approved on 9 May 1945.[36]
  52. ^ According to Scherzer as Zugführer (platoon leader) in the 14./Grenadier-Regiment 174.[42]
  53. ^ According to Scherzer as commander of Festungs-Infanterie-Regiment "C" (Divisions Stab z.b.V. 444).[42]
  54. ^ According to Scherzer as pilot in the Aufklärungsstaffel 1.(F)/122.[42]
  55. ^ According to Scherzer as commander of the 6. SS-Freiwilligen-Sturmbrigade "Langemark".[44]
  56. ^ According to Scherzer as Hauptmann of the Reserves.[44]
  57. ^ From August 1944 to May 1945 the Soviets successfully managed to deceive the Oberkommando des Heeres and let them believe that a cut off German battle group under the leadership of Oberstleutnant Heinrich Scherhorn was encircled at the Berezina. Scherhorn however had been taken prisoner of war in July 1944 and knew nothing of this operation. The deceit was so successful that the Germans continued to resupply the encircled troops by air. The last mission was flown on 17 April 1945. Hitler had awarded Scherhorn the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on 23 March which was dropped into the pocket on this last mission. The presentation is illegal since it was based on an illusion created by the NKVD. Furthermore, Scherhorn refused to accept the award after the war.[36]
  58. ^ According to Scherzer as leader of the I./SS-Panzer-Regiment 10.[46]
  59. ^ According to Scherzer as leader of the 2./Divisions-Füsilier-Bataillon 31 (A.A.).[46]
  60. ^ According to Scherzer as Zugführer (platoon leader) in the 2./Panzer-Regiment "Führer Begleit Brigade".[46]
  61. ^ According to Scherzer as Oberleutnant of the Reserves.[46]
  62. ^ Gustav Schiemann's nomination of the Heerespersonalamt (HPA—Army Staff Office) was ready for signature but the process was never completed. The Association of Knight's Cross Recipients (AKCR) claims that the presentation was in accordance with the Dönitz-decree. This is illegal according to the Deutsche Dienststelle (WASt) and lacks legal justification.[49]
  63. ^ According to Scherzer as Richtschütze (gunner) in the 14./Grenadier-Regiment 107.[47]
  64. ^ According to Scherzer as chief of the 3./Pionier-Bataillon 24.[47]
  65. ^ a b According to Scherzer on 6 January 1942 as Leutnant of the Reserves.[47]
  66. ^ a b According to Scherzer on 3 November 1942 as pilot in the III./Jagdgeschwader 54.[50]
  67. ^ According to Scherzer as commander Atlantic coast and commander of fortress La Rochelle.[50]
  68. ^ According to Scherzer as chief of the II./Fallschirmjäger-Regiment 2.[52]
  69. ^ According to Scherzer as Kanonier (gunner) in the 19./Fallschirm-Flak-Regiment "Hermann Göring".[52]
  70. ^ The Heerespersonalamt (HPA—Army Staff Office) received Walter Schlags-Koch's nomination via wireless communication on 6 April 1945. Major Joachim Domaschk requested via wireless communication the advisory opinion of the 2. Armee. Presumably this statement was not received yet on 28 April because Domaschk decided to postpone the decision and ordered the re-presentation for 8 May, which was never processed. The entry date for the wireless nomination of 6 April 1945 is noted on the nomination list of the higher grade of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves. However no other date is listed, the section comments states "unprocessed". The Order Commission of the Association of Knight's Cross Recipients (AKCR) processed this case in 1973 and decided: "877 Oak Leaves". Scherzer claims that this decision was not approved by Gerhard von Seemann—author of various publications regarding the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross—since Schlags-Koch is not listed as an Oak Leaves recipient in his book Die Ritterkreuzträger 1939–1945 (2nd edition from 1976). The presentation number was later changed by Walther-Peer Fellgiebel to "876". However Schlags-Koch is listed by Von Seemen as the 876th Oak Leaves recipient. The presentation date was assigned by Fellgiebel. Schlags-Koch was a member of the AKCR.[56][57]
  71. ^ According to Scherzer as leader of the III./SS-Artillerie-Regiment 5.[52]
  72. ^ According to Scherzer as Zugführer (platoon leader) in the 2./Panzer-Jäger-Abteilung 2.[52]
  73. ^ According to Scherzer as Leutnant of the Reserves.[59]
  74. ^ According to Scherzer as commander of Divisions-Füsilier-Bataillon (A.A.) 168.[59]
  75. ^ According to Scherzer as commander of Grenadier-Brigade 1132.[60]
  76. ^ According to Scherzer as pilot in the Transportgeschwader 4.[60]
  77. ^ According to Scherzer as Hauptmann of the Reserves.[60]
  78. ^ According to Scherzer as leader of SS-Artillerie-Regiment 54.[62]
  79. ^ According to Scherzer as leader of the 1./SS-Freiwilligen-Panzergrenadier-Regiment 49 "De Ruiter".[62]
  80. ^ According to Scherzer as pilot in the I./Sturzkampfgeschwader 2 "Immelmann".[62]
  81. ^ According to Scherzer as Leutnant of the Reserves.[62]
  82. ^ According to Scherzer as leader of a Kampfgruppe in der Division Deneke ("Gneisenau-Einheit" of Wehrkreis XI).[63]
  83. ^ According to Scherzer as leader of the 2./SS-Panzer-Pionier-Bataillon 2.[63]
  84. ^ According to Scherzer as leader of the 3.(self motorized)/Schnelle Abteilung 306.[63]
  85. ^ According to Scherzer as pilot in the Stab/Jagdgeschwader 26 "Schlageter".[66]
  86. ^ According to Scherzer as commander of the in Tunisia deployed detachment of the Panzer-Division "Hermann Göring".[66]
  87. ^ According to Scherzer on 11 February 1945.[66]
  88. ^ According to Scherzer as pilot in the 9./Jagdgeschwader 53.[67]
  89. ^ According to Scherzer as commander of Panzer-Abteilung 507.[67]
  90. ^ The Heerespersonalamt (HPA—Army Staff Office) received Erich Schmitt's nomination on 24 March 1945. Major Joachim Domaschk noted three days later: "Insufficient for the Oak Leaves!". Nevertheless an HAP entry nomination without a nomination number was created on 29 March and presented to General Wilhelm Burgdorf. Burgdorf noted on 31 March: "Request advisory opinion from the commanding general!" and returned the nomination to the HPA. Major Domaschk requested via teleprinter the statement of the XXXIX. Panzerkorps. The Panzerkorps answered on 5 April via teleprinter that they were not responsible since the respective division was only subordinated to the corps for a very short time and never in action. Domaschk then requested an advisory opinion from the LVII. Panzerkorps on 8 April, which was not received by 28 April. On this day Domaschk noted "Wait" and ordered the re-presentation for 5 May. The nomination remained unprocessed after this date. The nomination list of the higher grade of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves notes the entry date of 24 March and that the nomination was forwarded to General Burgdorf on 29 March 1945. A presentation date is not stated and a comment says "further enquiry". The Order Commission of the Association of Knight's Cross Recipients (AKCR) processed this case in 1982 and decided: "Oak Leaves yes, 9 May 1945". It appears that the AKCR had questioned a witness, the former adjutant of the Army to the Commander-in-chief of the Wehrmacht Willy Johannmeyer. He wrote to the AKCR on 29 March 1968, stating: "By all means, I cannot remember a pick-up of the Oak Leaves for Mr Oberleutnant Erich Schmidt". The presentation number "876" was assigned by the AKCR. The presentation date was assigned by the Walther-Peer Fellgiebel. Schmidt was a member of the AKCR.[57]
  91. ^ According to Scherzer as leader of Divisions-Sturm-Kompanie (353)/205. Infanterie-Division.[67]
  92. ^ According to Scherzer as Staffelkapitän of the Eisenbahn-Staffel in the III./Kampfgeschwader 55.[67]
  93. ^ According to Scherzer as Leutnant of the Reserves.[67]
  94. ^ According to Scherzer on 15 September 1942.[70]
  95. ^ According to Scherzer on 29 May 1940.[70]
  96. ^ According to Scherzer as leader of the XIV. Festungs-Infanterie-Bataillon 999.[73]
  97. ^ According to Scherzer as commander of Schnellboot S-54.[73]
  98. ^ No evidence of the award can be found in the German Federal Archives. The award was unlawfully presented by the commanding general of the I Parachute Corps, General der Fallschirmtruppe Richard Heidrich.[74]
  99. ^ According to Scherzer as Oberleutnant.[73]
  100. ^ According to Scherzer as commanding general of the XXXIX. Armeekorps (mototized).[73]
  101. ^ According to Scherzer as leader of the III./SS-Panzergrenadier-Regiment "Westland".[75]
  102. ^ According to Scherzer as Staffelkapitän in the III./Kampfgeschwader 55.[75]
  103. ^ According to Scherzer as Oberleutnant of the Reserves.[75]
  104. ^ According to Scherzer on 2 September 1944.[75]
  105. ^ According to Scherzer as pilot in the Aufklärungsstaffel 1.(F)/Nacht.[75]
  106. ^ According to Scherzer name is spelled Lorenz Schmid.[66]
  107. ^ According to Scherzer as Korück 556 and commander of the German-Italian forces in Bardia(Bardīya)/Libya (mostly members of the resupply units of the 21. Panzer-Division).[77]
  108. ^ According to Scherzer as pilot in the Aufklärungsstaffel 2.(F)/11.[77]
  109. ^ According to Scherzer as Staffelkapitän in the II./Schlachtgeschwader 77.[77]
  110. ^ According to Scherzer as aide-de-camp in Stab/Grenadier-Regiment 217.[79]
  111. ^ Ernst-Friedrich Schmude's nomination was received by the Heerespersonalamt (HPA—Army Staff Office) on 19 April 1945. A Heerespersonalamt-Verleihungsvorschlag (HPA-VV—Army Staff Office Nomination Recommendation) with number 5090 was created and approved on 21 April. It was sent to Wilhelm Burgdorf in Berlin as a teleprinter message on 26 April and had not been finalized by the end of the war. According to the Association of Knight's Cross Recipients (AKCR) the award was presented in accordance with the Dönitz-decree. This is illegal according to the Deutsche Dienststelle (WASt) and lacks legal justification. The presentation date was assigned by Walther-Peer Fellgiebel.[74]
  112. ^ According to Scherzer as stellvertretender Befehlshaber der Aufklärungs-Streitkräfte und Führer der Kriegschiffgruppe 3 (Zielhafen Bergen)—(deputy commander of the reconnaissance forces and leader of the warship group 3 (destination Bergen)).[79]
  113. ^ According to Scherzer on 19 April 1945.[79]
  114. ^ According to Scherzer as Oberleutnant of the Reserves.[81]
  115. ^ According to Scherzer as gun leader in the 3./SS-Flak-Abteilung 5 .[81]
  116. ^ According to Scherzer 84th Swords on 3 August 1944.[81]
  117. ^ According to Scherzer as Hauptmann.[81]
  118. ^ According to Scherzer as Hauptmann of the Reserves.[84]
  119. ^ According to Scherzer as leader of the 7./SS-Panzer-Regiment 5.[86]
  120. ^ According to Scherzer as Leutnant of the Reserves.[86]
  121. ^ According to Scherzer as company chief of the Panzer-Jäger-Abteilung 342.[86]
  122. ^ According to Scherzer as shock troops Zugführer (platoon leader) in the II./Reiter-Regiment 32.[86]
  123. ^ According to Scherzer in the Radfahrkompanie/Grenadier-Regiment 192.[86]
  124. ^ According to Scherzer as Staffelkapitän of the 8./Jagdgeschwader 51.[86]
  125. ^ a b According to Scherzer as Leutnant of the Reserves and pilot in the 4./Jagdgeschwader 2 "Richthofen".[88]
  126. ^ According to Scherzer as Chef des Stabes der Seekriegsleitung und Chef des Marinekommando Amt im OKM.[88]
  127. ^ Herbert Schnocks's Heerespersonalamt-Verleihungsvorschlag (HPA-VV—Army Staff Office Nomination Recommendation) was ready for signature at the end of the war. According to the Association of Knight's Cross Recipients (AKCR) the award was presented in accordance with the Dönitz-decree. This is illegal according to the Deutsche Dienststelle (WASt) and lacks legal justification. The presentation date was assigned by Walther-Peer Fellgiebel.[74]
  128. ^ According to Scherzer as pilot in the I./Zerstörergeschwader 76.[88]
  129. ^ a b According to Scherzer as Oberleutnant of the Reserves and Staffelkapitän of the Nahaufklärungsstaffel 11.(H)/12.[88]
  130. ^ According to Scherzer as leader of the 3.(motorized)/Pionier-Bataillon 8.[91]
  131. ^ According to Scherzer as commander of SS-Panzer-Regiment 1.[91]
  132. ^ According to Scherzer as leader of the II./Grenadier-Regiment 1242.[91]
  133. ^ According to Scherzer as Höherer Artilleriekommandeur 314 and commander of Kampfgruppe "Scholz".[94]
  134. ^ According to Scherzer as leader of the 7./SS-Freiwilligen-Panzergrenadier-Regiment 49 "De Ruiter" (niederl. Nr. 2).[94]
  135. ^ Karl Scholz's nomination was received by the Heerespersonalamt (HPA—Army Staff Office) on 19 April 1945. There is no file card in the German Federal Archives. The book of "Verliehene Ritterkreuze" (Awarded Knight Crosses) contains his entry under Nr. 5144 which was approved by Major Joachim Domaschk on 28 April 1945. He is listed in the files for rejected or unfinished nominations. According to the Association of Knight's Cross Recipients (AKCR) the award was presented in accordance with the Dönitz-decree. This is illegal according to the Deutsche Dienststelle (WASt) and lacks legal justification. The presentation date was assigned by Walther-Peer Fellgiebel. Scholz was a member of the AKCR.[74]
  136. ^ According to Scherzer as commander of Lehr-Regiment (motorized) 901.[95]
  137. ^ According to Scherzer as leader of the 7./SS-Panzergrenadier-Regiment "Germania".[98]
  138. ^ According to Scherzer as Richtschütze (gunner) in the 2./6. SS-Freiwilligen-Sturmbrigade "Langemarck".[101]
  139. ^ According to Scherzer as Hauptmann of the Reserves.[101]
  140. ^ According to Scherzer as Oberleutnant of the Reserves.[101]
  141. ^ According to Scherzer Swords on 16 April 1945.[103]
  142. ^ According to Scherzer as Staffelkapitän of the 10.(Jabo)/Jagdgeschwader 2 "Richthofen".[103]
  143. ^ According to Scherzer as Hauptmann of the Reserves.[106]

References

Citations

  1. ^ Williamson & Bujeiro 2004, pp. 3–4.
  2. ^ Fellgiebel 2000, p. 4.
  3. ^ Fellgiebel 2000, pp. 113–460, 483, 485–487, 492, 494, 498–499, 501, 503, 509.
  4. ^ Scherzer 2007, pp. 117–186.
  5. ^ a b Fellgiebel 2000, pp. 369–390.
  6. ^ Scherzer 2007, pp. 168–172.
  7. ^ Fellgiebel 2000, pp. 390–418, 503.
  8. ^ "Reichsgesetzblatt Teil I S. 1573; 1 September 1939" (PDF). ALEX Österreichische Nationalbibliothek (in German). Reichsministerium des Inneren (Ministry of the Interior). Retrieved 21 February 2008.
  9. ^ "Reichsgesetzblatt Teil I S. 849; 3 June 1940" (PDF). ALEX Österreichische Nationalbibliothek (in German). Reichsministerium des Inneren (Ministry of the Interior). Retrieved 21 February 2008.
  10. ^ "Reichsgesetzblatt Teil I S. 613; 28 September 1941" (PDF). ALEX Österreichische Nationalbibliothek (in German). Reichsministerium des Inneren (Ministry of the Interior). Retrieved 21 February 2008.
  11. ^ "Reichsgesetzblatt 1945 I S. 11; 29 December 1944" (PDF). ALEX Österreichische Nationalbibliothek (in German). Reichsministerium des Inneren (Ministry of the Interior). Retrieved 21 February 2008.
  12. ^ Fellgiebel 2000, p. 112.
  13. ^ Fellgiebel 2000, pp. 102–111.
  14. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa Scherzer 2007, p. 647.
  15. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v Fellgiebel 2000, p. 369.
  16. ^ Fellgiebel 2000, pp. 369, 502.
  17. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj Scherzer 2007, p. 648.
  18. ^ Scherzer 2007, pp. 168–169.
  19. ^ a b Fellgiebel 2000, pp. 370, 502.
  20. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u Fellgiebel 2000, p. 370.
  21. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah Scherzer 2007, p. 649.
  22. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj Scherzer 2007, p. 650.
  23. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u Fellgiebel 2000, p. 371.
  24. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai Scherzer 2007, p. 651.
  25. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak Scherzer 2007, p. 652.
  26. ^ Von Seemen 1976, p. 294.
  27. ^ a b Scherzer 2007, p. 169.
  28. ^ a b c Fellgiebel 2000, pp. 371, 502.
  29. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v Fellgiebel 2000, p. 372.
  30. ^ a b Fellgiebel 2000, pp. 372, 502.
  31. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai Scherzer 2007, p. 653.
  32. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai Scherzer 2007, p. 654.
  33. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab Fellgiebel 2000, p. 373.
  34. ^ a b Fellgiebel 2000, pp. 373, 502.
  35. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al Scherzer 2007, p. 655.
  36. ^ a b c d e f Scherzer 2007, p. 170.
  37. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak Scherzer 2007, p. 656.
  38. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w Fellgiebel 2000, p. 374.
  39. ^ a b c Fellgiebel 2000, pp. 374, 502.
  40. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am Scherzer 2007, p. 657.
  41. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t Fellgiebel 2000, p. 375.
  42. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah Scherzer 2007, p. 658.
  43. ^ a b c Fellgiebel 2000, pp. 375, 502.
  44. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai Scherzer 2007, p. 659.
  45. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa Fellgiebel 2000, p. 376.
  46. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am Scherzer 2007, p. 660.
  47. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj Scherzer 2007, p. 661.
  48. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad Fellgiebel 2000, p. 377.
  49. ^ Scherzer 2007, pp. 170–171.
  50. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai Scherzer 2007, p. 662.
  51. ^ Fellgiebel 2000, pp. 377, 502.
  52. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak Scherzer 2007, p. 663.
  53. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v Fellgiebel 2000, p. 378.
  54. ^ Fellgiebel 2000, pp. 378, 502.
  55. ^ Fellgiebel 2000, pp. 104, 482.
  56. ^ Von Seemen 1976, pp. 60, 62.
  57. ^ a b Scherzer 2007, p. 171.
  58. ^ Fellgiebel 2000, pp. 378, 503.
  59. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al Scherzer 2007, p. 664.
  60. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah Scherzer 2007, p. 665.
  61. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w Fellgiebel 2000, p. 379.
  62. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah Scherzer 2007, p. 666.
  63. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak Scherzer 2007, p. 667.
  64. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s Fellgiebel 2000, p. 380.
  65. ^ a b c d e Fellgiebel 2000, pp. 380, 503.
  66. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am Scherzer 2007, p. 668.
  67. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al Scherzer 2007, p. 669.
  68. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z Fellgiebel 2000, p. 381.
  69. ^ Fellgiebel 2000, p. 104.
  70. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak Scherzer 2007, p. 670.
  71. ^ Fellgiebel 2000, p. 61.
  72. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af Fellgiebel 2000, p. 382.
  73. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak Scherzer 2007, p. 671.
  74. ^ a b c d Scherzer 2007, p. 172.
  75. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae Scherzer 2007, p. 672.
  76. ^ a b Fellgiebel 2000, pp. 383, 503.
  77. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak Scherzer 2007, p. 673.
  78. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa Fellgiebel 2000, p. 383.
  79. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag Scherzer 2007, p. 674.
  80. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v Fellgiebel 2000, p. 384.
  81. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai Scherzer 2007, p. 675.
  82. ^ Fellgiebel 2000, pp. 38, 44, 84.
  83. ^ Fellgiebel 2000, pp. 384, 503.
  84. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al Scherzer 2007, p. 676.
  85. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y Fellgiebel 2000, p. 385.
  86. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj Scherzer 2007, p. 677.
  87. ^ Fellgiebel 2000, pp. 385, 503.
  88. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai Scherzer 2007, p. 678.
  89. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y Fellgiebel 2000, p. 386.
  90. ^ a b Fellgiebel 2000, pp. 386, 503.
  91. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag Scherzer 2007, p. 679.
  92. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai Scherzer 2007, p. 680.
  93. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w Fellgiebel 2000, p. 387.
  94. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah Scherzer 2007, p. 681.
  95. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj Scherzer 2007, p. 682.
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  97. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u Fellgiebel 2000, p. 388.
  98. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah Scherzer 2007, p. 683.
  99. ^ Fellgiebel 2000, pp. 388, 503.
  100. ^ Fellgiebel 2000, pp. 389, 503.
  101. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai Scherzer 2007, p. 684.
  102. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w Fellgiebel 2000, p. 389.
  103. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj Scherzer 2007, p. 685.
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  106. ^ a b c Scherzer 2007, p. 686.

Bibliography

  • Fellgiebel, Walther-Peer [in German] (2000). Die Träger des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939–1945 — Die Inhaber der höchsten Auszeichnung des Zweiten Weltkrieges aller Wehrmachtteile [The Bearers of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 1939–1945 — The Owners of the Highest Award of the Second World War of all Wehrmacht Branches] (in German). Friedberg, Germany: Podzun-Pallas. ISBN 978-3-7909-0284-6.
  • Scherzer, Veit (2007). Die Ritterkreuzträger 1939–1945 Die Inhaber des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939 von Heer, Luftwaffe, Kriegsmarine, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm sowie mit Deutschland verbündeter Streitkräfte nach den Unterlagen des Bundesarchives [The Knight's Cross Bearers 1939–1945 The Holders of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 1939 by Army, Air Force, Navy, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm and Allied Forces with Germany According to the Documents of the Federal Archives] (in German). Jena, Germany: Scherzers Miltaer-Verlag. ISBN 978-3-938845-17-2.
  • Von Seemen, Gerhard (1976). Die Ritterkreuzträger 1939–1945: die Ritterkreuzträger sämtlicher Wehrmachtteile, Brillanten-, Schwerter- und Eichenlaubträger in der Reihenfolge der Verleihung: Anhang mit Verleihungsbestimmungen und weiteren Angaben [ Los portadores de la cruz de caballero 1939–1945: Los portadores de la cruz de caballero de Todas las Fuerzas Armadas, Diamantes , Portadores de espadas y hojas de roble en el orden de presentación: Apéndice con más información y requisitos de presentación ] (en alemán). Friedberg, Alemania: Podzun-Verlag. ISBN 978-3-7909-0051-4.
  • Williamson, Gordon ; Bujeiro, Ramiro (2004). Recipientes con la Cruz de Caballero y las Hojas de Roble 1939–40 . Oxford, Reino Unido: Osprey Publishing . ISBN 978-1-84176-641-6.
  • "El Archivo Federal". Archivo militar - Friburgo de Brisgovia . Archivado desde el original el 29 de diciembre de 2010 . Consultado el 2 de enero de 2011 .
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