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El dominio de Sadowara (佐土原藩, Sadowara-han ) fue un dominio feudal bajo el shogunato Tokugawa del período Edo de Japón, en lo que hoy es el centro de la prefectura de Miyazaki . Su centro era el castillo de Sadowara, en lo que hoy es la ciudad de Miyazaki , y fue gobernado durante toda su historia por una rama menor del clan Shimazu, perteneciente a la casta de los daimyō tozama . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ]
Historia
En 1603, Shimazu Mochihisa, hijo del hermano menor de Shimazu Takahisa , Shimazu Tadamasa , recibió 30 000 koku en los distritos de Naka y Koyu, en la provincia de Hyuga , y se le permitió establecer una rama cadete del clan Shimazu con sede en el castillo de Sadowara . Estas tierras pertenecían originalmente a Shimazu Iehisa y Shimazu Toyohisa , pero tras la muerte de Toyohisa en la batalla de Sekigahara en 1600, el territorio fue confiscado por el shogunato Tokugawa . El objetivo del shogunato al establecer Sadowara como dominio no era solo asegurar la sucesión del clan Shimazu, sino también favorecer a la facción Tarumi dentro del clan como potencial rival del clan principal en Kagoshima.
The relationship with Satsuma Domain is similar to that between Sendai Domain and Uwajima Domain, or Morioka Domain and Hachinohe Domain. While there is a view that Sadowara is not a subsidiary domain of Satsuma Domain, it was subject to repeated interference from Satsuma Domain in its internal affairs. The Sadowara daimyō was from the Tarumi Shimazu clan, who were regarded as retainers, rather than relatives, of the ruling Satsuma clan. On the other hand, the Satsuma clan had to officially recognize that the Tarumi-Shimazu ruling Satowara were not in fact their retainers, but were recognized by the shogunate as co-equal daimyō. Many of the legal wives of the generations of Sadowara daimyō were from Satsuma, including not only the princesses of the head of the Shimazu clan but also the daughters of Satsuma Domain chief retainers. On the other hand, until the end of the Edo period, no son of the Satsuma daimyō was adopted by the Sadowara daimyō as his successor.
The 6th daimyō, Korehisa became daimyō as an infant, so Tadataka's cousin Hisatoshi was adopted as daimyō until Tadahisa came of age. Within the domain, this resulted in an O-Ie Sōdō, which in turn led to the intervention of Satsuma Domain in 1686 (Matsunoki Riot). In 1690, Korehisa had finally come of age, but according to the wishes of the shogunate, the kokudaka of the domain was reduced to 27,000 koku. On the other hand, the domain was granted the prestige of being a "castle-holding domain" in 1699.
On June 7, 1839 (April 7, 1839), the 10th daimyō, Shimazu Tadatetsu, died suddenly at the Kusatsu-jukuhonjin (in present-day Kusatsu, Shiga) en route to Edo to fulfill his sankin-kōtai obligation. As he had not yet appointed a successor, there was a strong possibility that the domain would face attainder, so his vassals kept the death a secret until permission was granted for the succession to be passed to his third son, Shimazu Tadahiro. On the following day, Tadatetsu's death was officially announced.
In the Bakumatsu period, Shimazu Tadahiro worked closely with Satsuma Domin, and in 1869, he was awarded 30,000 koku for his efforts in the fierce battles of the Boshin War. He also promoted moving the seat of the domain from Sadowara Castle to Hirose Castle. However, with the abolition of the han system in 1871, construction of Hirose Castle was discontinued, and Sadowara Domain became "Sadowara Prefecture". Tadahiro subsequently relocated to Tokyo, and Sadowara Prefecture was abolished and incorporated into Mimitsu Prefecture. Later, Mimitsu Prefecture was incorporated into Miyazaki Prefecture, merged with Kagoshima Prefecture, and then re-incorporated into the reconstituted Miyazaki Prefecture. The Sadowara Shimazu clan was ennobled with the kazoku peerage title of viscount in 1884. In 1891, Shimazu Tadahiro was elevated to Count. Shimazu Hisanaga, the spouse of Emperor Shōwa's daughter Takako, was his descendant.
Yuba-gumi
Sadowara Domain had an unusual social structure created by the second daimyō, Shimazu Tadaoki. Originally it was intended to foster martial arts and to strength the domain's samurai against attacks from Obi Domain or even Satsuma Domain, it was organized into groups based on young men between the ages of 15 and 30, with associate members are between the ages of 30 and 59, each responsible for one of the four inner and five outer gates of Sadowara Castle. Each group practiced archery and horsemanship in addition to swordsmanship. However, what began as groups to strength martial arts and defenses evolved into rival political discussion groups, which were further divided by differences in the social standing of its membership. Rivalries between these groups also inflamed various riots and disturbances within the domain. It was largely in an effort to escape from the pervasive influence of these political cliques that Sadowara Domain took the unusual step of attempting to change its seat to a new castle at Hirose Castle even after the start of the Meiji period.
Holdings at the end of the Edo period
As with most domains in the han system, Sadowara Domain consisted of several discontinuous territories calculated to provide the assigned kokudaka, based on periodic cadastral surveys and projected agricultural yields, g.[4][5]
- Hyūga Province
- 11 villages in Naka District
- 15 villages in Koyu District
List of daimyō
See also
References
- ↑Nakayama, Yoshiaki (2015). 江戸三百藩大全 全藩藩主変遷表付. Kosaido Publishing. ISBN 978-4331802946.(in Japanese)
- ↑Nigi, Kenichi (2004). 藩と城下町の事典―国別. Tokyodo Printing. ISBN 978-4490106510.
- ↑Papinot, E (1910). Historical and Geographic Dictionary of Japan. Tuttle (reprint) 1972.
- ↑Mass, Jeffrey P. and William B. Hauser. (1987). The Bakufu in Japanese History, p. 150.
- ↑Elison, George and Bardwell L. Smith (1987). Warlords, Artists, & Commoners: Japan in the Sixteenth Century, p. 18.
- States and territories established in 1603
- States and territories disestablished in 1871
- Domains of Japan
- History of Miyazaki Prefecture
- Hyūga Province
- Kyushu region
- Shimazu clan