Shaker Heights es una ciudad en el condado de Cuyahoga, Ohio , Estados Unidos. Su población era de 29.439 habitantes según el censo de 2020. Shaker Heights es un suburbio cercano a Cleveland , con servicio de tranvía, y colinda con el límite oriental de la ciudad. Es una comunidad planificada desarrollada por los hermanos Van Sweringen , magnates ferroviarios que la concibieron como un refugio suburbano lejos del centro industrial de Cleveland.
Historia

Shaker Heights alberga la casa más antigua del condado de Cuyahoga, construida en 1817 por Moses Warren. [ 4 ] El nombre "Shaker Heights" tiene su origen en dos fuentes locales. La comunidad se estableció en terrenos que pertenecieron a la Comunidad de North Union de la Sociedad Unida de Creyentes en la Segunda Venida de Cristo, más conocida como Shakers . "Heights" se refiere a la meseta al este de Cleveland que se eleva abruptamente desde 582 pies sobre el nivel del mar en la base de Cedar Glen Parkway hasta 950 pies sobre el nivel del mar en la cercana Cleveland Heights ; la elevación de Shaker Heights es de 1050 pies sobre el nivel del mar.
Ralph Russell fundó el asentamiento Shaker de North Union en 1822 con poco más de 80 personas. Entre 1826 y 1854, el grupo represó el arroyo Doan, creando los lagos Upper y Lower, y estableció tres molinos harineros y un aserradero . [ 5 ] La colonia alcanzó su apogeo alrededor de 1850 con unos 300 colonos, pero posteriormente decayó y fue clausurada en 1889. [ 6 ]
En 1905, los hermanos MJ y OP Van Sweringen compraron el terreno y concibieron la creación del primer suburbio estilo jardín de Ohio. [ 6 ] Los hermanos construyeron casas, reservaron terrenos para iglesias y escuelas, y plantaron árboles. Originalmente conocida como Shaker Village, la comunidad se incorporó en 1912 y alcanzó el estatus de ciudad en 1931. [ 7 ]
Shaker Heights is known for its stringent building codes and zoning laws, which have helped to maintain the community's housing stock and identity throughout the years.[8] Approximately seventy-five percent of the city of Shaker Heights is listed on the National Register of Historic Places as the Shaker Village Historic District.[9]
Efforts toward racial integration began in the late 1950s, with neighbors in the Ludlow Elementary School area working together to make integration successful.[10] As a result, Shaker Heights avoided many of the problems created from practices such as blockbusting and white flight. In 1986, the city began the Fund for the Future of Shaker Heights, which offered loans for down payments for residents buying homes in segregated neighborhoods, which helped to create multi-ethnic neighborhoods.[11] Today, the city maintains a housing assistance office that works with home buyers to achieve and maintain neighborhood integration.
Shaker Heights was a finalist for the All-America City Award in 1989.[12]
Geography

Shaker Heights is located at 41°28′35″N81°33′6″W / 41.47639°N 81.55167°W / 41.47639; -81.55167.[13] According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 6.32 square miles (16.37 km2), of which 6.28 square miles (16.27 km2) is land and 0.04 square miles (0.10 km2) is water.[14]
Shaker Heights is roughly 1,050 feet (320 m) above sea level,[2] and is located about 6 miles (10 km) inland from Lake Erie. Shaker Heights is drained by the Doan Brook watershed, and has several small artificial lakes: Horseshoe Lake, Green Lake, Lower Shaker Lake, and Marshall Lake.[15] Horseshoe Lake and Lower Shaker Lake had been dammed by the Shakers, while developers added Green Lake and Marshall Lake, the latter named after drugstore chain owner W. A. Marshall, at a later point.[16]
Shaker Heights is one of Greater Cleveland's older inner-ring or "first" suburbs, and borders Cleveland, Cleveland Heights, University Heights, Beachwood, Highland Hills, and Warrensville Heights.[17] Shaker Heights is a member of the Northeast Ohio First Suburbs Consortium.[18]
Neighborhoods

There are nine neighborhoods in Shaker Heights, all of which were named after the nine original elementary schools.[19] These neighborhoods are:
- Boulevard, located in northwest Shaker Heights, is near Cleveland's University Circle neighborhood, and borders Shaker Square. The Nature Center at Shaker Lakes is located in this neighborhood.
- Fernway is located in the middle of Shaker Heights, north of Van Aken Boulevard, and south of Shaker Heights Country Club.
- Lomond is located in the south-central part of the city.
- Ludlow is the smallest neighborhood and is located in the western portion of the city. Half of the neighborhood lies in Shaker Heights, while the other half is in the Shaker Heights School district of Cleveland.[10]
- Malvern is mostly residential and is the location of Hathaway Brown School. The Hanna Perkins Center, a child development center, occupies the former Malvern school building.[20]
- Mercer, located in northeast Shaker Heights, is the largest neighborhood. The area is also home to Shaker Heights Middle School (previously Byron Junior High School), and the private schools University School and Laurel School. The Bertram Woods branch of the Shaker Heights Public Library is located here.
- Moreland is located in southwest Shaker Heights. The former Moreland school building now houses the Shaker Heights Public Library Main Branch.
- Onaway is home to Shaker Heights High School, and the former Woodbury Junior High School Building.
- Sussex is located in southeast part of the city and is the location of the Tower East office building and post office.
Shaker Square is in the city of Cleveland, though a September 1912 agreement between Shaker Heights and Cleveland school districts places it in the Shaker Heights City School District.
Demographics
Racial and ethnic composition
2020 census
As of the 2020 census, Shaker Heights had a population of 29,439. The median age was 40.9 years. 24.0% of residents were under the age of 18 and 19.4% of residents were 65 years of age or older. For every 100 females there were 84.2 males, and for every 100 females age 18 and over there were 79.9 males age 18 and over.[25][26]
100.0% of residents lived in urban areas, while 0.0% lived in rural areas.[27]
There were 12,416 households in Shaker Heights, of which 31.8% had children under the age of 18 living in them. Of all households, 44.4% were married-couple households, 15.9% were households with a male householder and no spouse or partner present, and 35.5% were households with a female householder and no spouse or partner present. About 33.4% of all households were made up of individuals and 15.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.[25]
There were 13,564 housing units, of which 8.5% were vacant. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2.6% and the rental vacancy rate was 9.3%.[25]
2010 census
As of the 2010 census,[28] there were 28,448 people, 11,840 households, and 7,716 families residing in the city. The population density was 4,529.9 inhabitants per square mile (1,749.0/km2). There were 13,318 housing units at an average density of 2,120.7 per square mile (818.8/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 55.0% White, 37.1% African American, 0.1% Native American, 4.6% Asian, 0.6% from other races, and 2.7% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.2% of the population.
There were 11,840 households, of which 34.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.8% were married couples living together, 15.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.1% had a male householder with no wife present, and 34.8% were non-families. 31.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 3.03.
The median age in the city was 40.9 years. 26.7% of residents were under the age of 18; 5.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23.1% were from 25 to 44; 29% were from 45 to 64; and 15.5% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 45.2% male and 54.8% female.
The median income for a household in the city was $76,476, and the median income for a family was $105,660. The per capita income for the city was $47,360. About 5.3% of families and 8.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.1% of those under age 18 and 6.5% of those age 65 or over.[29][30] The unemployment rate in the city is 5.4%, one of the lowest rates for individual cities included in data provided by the Ohio Department of Job and Family Services.[31]
About 93.5% of residents speak English natively at home, while 1.6% speak Spanish, 1.2% speak French, 0.7% speak Chinese, and 3.0% speak another language, including German, Russian and Arabic.[32]
En cuanto a la educación, Shaker Heights se sitúa por encima de los promedios nacionales, estatales y locales en lo que respecta a residentes que han obtenido una licenciatura, una maestría o un título superior. Según el censo de 2010, el 64,5 % de la población de la ciudad mayor de 25 años había obtenido un título universitario, en comparación con el 28,6 % de la misma población en el condado de Cuyahoga, el 24,1 % a nivel estatal y el 27,9 % a nivel nacional. [ 33 ]
Gobierno y política

La Carta de la Ciudad de Shaker Heights fue adoptada en 1931 y revisada en 1974, 1986 y 1999. Esta carta establece un alcalde y siete miembros de un consejo municipal , elegidos por votación general y sin afiliación partidista. El actual alcalde de Shaker Heights es David Weiss. Fue elegido en 2018 después de servir brevemente como alcalde interino para completar el mandato del anterior alcalde de tres mandatos, Earl Leiken, quien renunció para asumir el cargo de jefe de gabinete del ejecutivo del condado de Cuyahoga, Armond Budish . [ 34 ] En 2019, David Weiss se postuló sin oposición y fue reelegido para un mandato de cuatro años como alcalde. [ 35 ] Fue reelegido para un segundo mandato completo por amplia mayoría en 2023. [ 36 ] Los miembros del consejo son elegidos para mandatos de cuatro años, con cuatro de las elecciones coincidiendo con las elecciones a la alcaldía y las otras tres dos años después para escalonar los mandatos. [ 37 ]
El ayuntamiento neogeorgiano , diseñado por Charles Schneider , fue construido en 1930. [ 38 ] A lo largo de los años ha albergado 12 ceremonias de entrega de llaves de la ciudad, comenzando en 1935 con Oris Paxton Van Sweringen y terminando en 1993 con Dean Yoder.
Shaker Heights es un bastión del Partido Demócrata , con Joe Biden ganando casi el 90% de los votos en las elecciones presidenciales más recientes . [ 39 ] Shaker Heights se encuentra completamente dentro del Undécimo Distrito Congresional , un escaño en la Cámara de Representantes , representado por Shontel Brown ( D ). [ 40 ] A nivel estatal, Shaker Heights está ubicado dentro del 21.er distrito senatorial , representado por Kent Smith ( D ) en el Senado de Ohio , y en el 22.º Distrito de la Cámara de Representantes de Ohio , representado por Juanita Brent ( D ). [ 41 ]
Educación

Públicamente, Shaker Heights es atendida por el Distrito Escolar de la Ciudad de Shaker Heights , [ 43 ] un distrito K-12 con una matrícula de aproximadamente 5600 estudiantes en ocho escuelas en total. Hay cinco escuelas primarias inferiores , Fernway, Mercer, Boulevard, Lomond y Onaway; una escuela primaria superior, la Escuela Primaria Woodbury; la Escuela Intermedia Shaker Heights ; y la Escuela Preparatoria Shaker Heights . El distrito estima que aproximadamente el 90% de los graduados de Shaker asisten a la universidad, [ 44 ] y ha sido reconocido por sus esfuerzos para aumentar la integración del vecindario . [ 45 ] En la década de 1950, el sistema de escuelas públicas fue clasificado entre los diez mejores a nivel nacional. Según el Informe Estatal de Ohio 2007-2008, Shaker obtuvo una puntuación de 97.1 sobre un máximo de 120. El distrito está clasificado como "Eficaz", el tercer nivel en una escala de 6 niveles. [ 46 ] Por otro lado, desde 1995, entre el 9 y el 17 % de los estudiantes de último año de Shaker Heights High School han recibido becas National Merit Scholarship , [ 47 ] y en 2008, la escuela secundaria tuvo el doble de ganadores de National Merit Scholarship que cualquier otra escuela pública del estado. [ 48 ] Esto posiblemente se explique en una encuesta de 2009 de la escuela, que decía que Shaker Heights High School "en realidad son dos escuelas: una escuela con estudiantes en un programa de Advanced Placement sobresaliente y una escuela con estudiantes con necesidades académicas". [ 49 ]
Entre las escuelas privadas de la ciudad se encuentran Laurel School , Hathaway Brown School y el campus inferior de University School . También hay una escuela parroquial en Shaker, St. Dominic School. [ 50 ]
La Universidad John Carroll está ubicada parcialmente en Shaker Heights, y la universidad posee varias propiedades residenciales y comerciales en la ciudad. [ 51 ] Además, Shaker Heights está cerca de University Circle, donde se encuentran la Universidad Case Western Reserve , el Instituto de Arte de Cleveland y el Instituto de Música de Cleveland .
La Escuela de Idioma Japonés de Cleveland (クリーブランド日本語補習校, Kurīburando Nihongo Hoshūkō ) , una escuela japonesa de fin de semana , imparte sus clases en el campus de Shaker Heights de la Escuela Laurel. [ 52 ]
Medios de comunicación
Shaker Heights es la ciudad con licencia para la filial de CBS , WOIO , canal 19, cuyos estudios y oficinas se encuentran en Cleveland. [ 53 ] Las noticias de Shaker Heights aparecen en el periódico diario de Cleveland, The Plain Dealer , así como en The Shakerite , el periódico estudiantil de la escuela secundaria de Shaker Heights. El Sun Press , un semanario, ofrece cobertura local de Shaker Heights y las ciudades vecinas de Beachwood , Cleveland Heights y University Heights . [ 54 ]
Transporte

Dos líneas de tren ligero de la GCRTA atraviesan Shaker Heights y terminan allí. La Línea Azul cruza la mediana de Van Aken Boulevard, mientras que la Línea Verde cruza la mediana de Shaker Boulevard. Ambas líneas ofrecen servicio ferroviario directo a Cleveland y son sucesoras directas de los antiguos servicios de tranvía establecidos en 1920 y 1913, respectivamente. La ciudad de Shaker Heights fue propietaria y operadora directa de estos servicios de Tránsito Rápido de Shaker Heights entre 1944 y 1975. [ 55 ]
Personas notables
En la cultura popular
Shaker Heights es la ciudad natal del protagonista de How I Met Your Mother, Ted Mosby (a pesar de que en ocasiones se le atribuye a Cleveland ), [ 56 ] Ward Cleaver de la serie de televisión Leave it to Beaver , [ 57 ] y los Beverly Brothers de la World Wrestling Federation . [ 58 ]
The city is the principal setting for Celeste Ng’s book Little Fires Everywhere, as well as its TV adaptation.[59][60] Shaker Heights and its history are also the setting and a main plot point in No One's Home by D.M. Pulley.[61]
Shaker Heights is the setting of the song called "Frankenguest" in the musical Dear Edwina.
See also
- Nature Center at Shaker Lakes
- The Battle of Shaker Heights (film set in Shaker Heights)
References
- ↑"ArcGIS REST Services Directory". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved September 20, 2022.
- 123U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Shaker Heights, Ohio
- ↑"U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
- ↑"The Famous Architects of Shaker Heights | Shaker Historical Society". www.shakerhistoricalsociety.org. Archived from the original on March 15, 2014. Retrieved January 13, 2022.
- ↑"North Union Shaker Site". National Park Service. Archived from the original on July 3, 2007. Retrieved March 21, 2008.
- 12"The North Union Shakers". Archived from the original on June 29, 2019. Retrieved January 20, 2008.
- ↑"Shaker Heights". Encyclopedia of Cleveland History. CWRU. 2003. Retrieved June 4, 2011.
- ↑Segall, Grant (December 2, 2008). "Demolition crew uncovers long-hidden Philco sign in Shaker Heights". The Plain Dealer. Retrieved December 13, 2008.
- ↑Shaker Heights Landmark Commission. "Historical Development of Shaker Heights"(PDF). Retrieved June 7, 2014.
- 12Maag, Christopher (January 17, 2008). "A Suburb Looks Nervously at Its Urban Neighbor". New York Times. Retrieved June 12, 2008.
- ↑Keating, W. Dennis (September 1988). "Suburban Cleveland's 20-Year Integration Struggle". American Planning Association. Archived from the original on May 9, 2008. Retrieved June 12, 2008.
- ↑"Past Winners of the All-America City Award". Archived from the original on August 14, 2007. Retrieved October 8, 2007.
- ↑"US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. February 12, 2011. Retrieved April 23, 2011.
- ↑"US Gazetteer files 2010". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on January 25, 2012. Retrieved January 6, 2013.
- ↑Behnke Associates, Inc. "The Doan Brook Watershed"(PDF). The Holden Parks Trust Distribution Committee. p. 1. Retrieved January 20, 2008.
- ↑Marshall, Bruce T. (2006). Shaker Heights. Arcadia Publishing. p. 69. ISBN 0-7385-4050-1. Retrieved June 4, 2011.
- ↑"Cities of the First Suburbs Consortium". Housing Policy Research Program, Cleveland State University, College of Urban Affairs. Archived from the original on December 4, 2023. Retrieved March 19, 2008.
- ↑"Members". Northeast Ohio First Suburbs Consortium. Retrieved August 16, 2024.
- ↑"Shaker Neighborhoods". Shaker Online. 2008. Archived from the original on January 11, 2008. Retrieved February 5, 2008.
- ↑"Directions to the Hanna Perkins Center for Child Development". 2007. Archived from the original on December 31, 2007. Retrieved February 5, 2008.
- ↑"Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
- ↑"P004: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2000: DEC Summary File 1 – Shaker Heights city, Ohio". United States Census Bureau.
- ↑"P2: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Shaker Heights city, Ohio". United States Census Bureau.
- ↑"P2: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Shaker Heights city, Ohio". United States Census Bureau.
- 123"2020 Decennial Census Demographic Profile (DP1)". United States Census Bureau. 2021. Retrieved February 2, 2026.
- 12"2020 Decennial Census Redistricting Data (Public Law 94-171)". United States Census Bureau. 2021. Retrieved February 2, 2026.
- ↑"2020 Decennial Census Demographic and Housing Characteristics (DHC)". United States Census Bureau. 2023. Retrieved February 2, 2026.
- ↑"U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 6, 2013.
- ↑"American FactFinder - Results". factfinder2.census.gov. United States Census Bureau. Retrieved April 5, 2018.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link) - ↑"Shaker Heights (city) QuickFacts from the US Census Bureau". Quickfacts.census.gov. Retrieved June 30, 2013.
- ↑Legeza, Kasha; Michelle Simakis (January 27, 2012). "Kent's Jobless Rate Drops to One of Lowest in Ohio". Kent Patch. Retrieved January 29, 2012.
- ↑"MLA's Data Center Results for Shaker Heights, Ohio". Modern Language Association. 2000. Archived from the original on June 19, 2006. Retrieved June 21, 2010.
- ↑"Educational Attainment: United States, Ohio, Portage County, Ohio, and Kent city, Ohio". 2010 United States Census. United States Census Bureau. 2010. Retrieved May 6, 2013.
- ↑Jewell, Thomas (April 10, 2018). "David Weiss takes the oath and reins as interim Shaker Heights mayor". Cleveland.com. Retrieved April 24, 2018.
- ↑Bamforth, Emily (November 5, 2019). "17 Cuyahoga County mayors running unopposed in 2019 election". Cleveland.com. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
- ↑Raspe, Becky (November 8, 2023). "Mayor Weiss wins reelection in Shaker Heights". Cleveland Jewish News. Retrieved August 16, 2024.
- ↑"City Council". Shaker Heights. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
- ↑Forgac, Patricia (May 1981). "Architecture". The Physical Development of Shaker Heights. Ohio: Kent State University. p. 106.
- ↑"Official results: Joe Biden won 42 of 59 Cuyahoga County communities, 66.4% of the vote; see details by precinct". November 19, 2020.
- ↑"Shontel Brown sworn in as representative for Ohio's 11th Congressional District". wkyc.com. November 4, 2021. Retrieved January 29, 2022.
- ↑"Government Resources: State". City of Shaker Heights. Archived from the original on June 12, 2017. Retrieved May 6, 2017.
- ↑"CLEVNET Consortium". Cleveland Public Library. 2008. Retrieved June 9, 2008.
- ↑"2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Cuyahoga County, OH"(PDF). U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved February 11, 2022.
- ↑"Fast Facts". Shaker Heights Schools. 2006. Archived from the original on February 1, 2008. Retrieved January 25, 2008.
- ↑Brand-Williams, Oralandar (January 28, 2002). "Shaker Heights: City works at integration"(PDF). The Detroit News. Retrieved February 14, 2009.
- ↑"Shaker Heights City School District Report Card". State of Ohio Department of Education. 2008. Retrieved November 25, 2008.
- ↑"National Merit, National Achievement, and National Hispanic Scholarship Programs". Shaker Heights City School District. October 13, 2008. Archived from the original on January 16, 2009. Retrieved December 13, 2008.
- ↑ Stephens, Scott (12 de mayo de 2008). "Estudiantes de Shaker obtienen becas National Merit" . The Plain Dealer . Consultado el 13 de diciembre de 2008 .
- ↑ "Informe del equipo de revisión de garantía de calidad para la escuela secundaria Shaker Heights" (PDF) . AdvancED Worldwide. 2009. pág. 9. Archivado del original (PDF) el 12 de enero de 2011. Recuperado el 23 de abril de 2010 .
- ↑ "Acerca de Shaker: Educación" . Shaker Online . Consultado el 21 de enero de 2008 .
- ↑ Jewell, Thomas (25 de febrero de 2010). "La Universidad John Carroll y Shaker Heights llegan a un acuerdo sobre alojamiento fuera del campus" . Sun News . Consultado el 16 de julio de 2010 .
- ^ "学校概要" . Escuela de idioma japonés de Cleveland. Archivado desde el original el 11 de febrero de 2022 . Consultado el 11 de febrero de 2022.郵便宛先: ESCUELA DE
IDIOMA JAPONÉS DE CLEVELAND C/o Laurel School 1 Lyman Circle, Shaker Heights, OH. 44122
- ↑ "Información de la FCC: WOIO" . Comisión Federal de Comunicaciones . Consultado el 20 de enero de 2008 .
- ↑ "Historia de los periódicos Sun" . Universidad Case Western Reserve . 30 de junio de 1997. Consultado el 20 de enero de 2008 .
- 1 2 "Acerca de RTA: Historia del transporte público en el área metropolitana de Cleveland" . Autoridad Regional de Transporte del Área Metropolitana de Cleveland . 6 de julio de 2017. Consultado el 1 de julio de 2020 .
- ↑ Morona, Joey (19 de enero de 2022). "A 'Cómo conocí a vuestro padre' de Hulu le falta la diversión y el misterio de 'Cómo conocí a vuestra madre'"." . cleveland . Consultado el 7 de abril de 2022 .
- ↑ Bona, Marc (18 de marzo de 2013). "Ward Cleaver: Curiosidades de A&E de las 2 pm de Buckeye Bits" . Cleveland . Recuperado el 7 de abril de 2022 .
- ↑ "¿De verdad McGillicutty y Otunga son TAN aburridos? Creemos que no", de WWE.com
- ↑ "Shaker Heights de 'Little Fires Everywhere' es un lugar real y *sí* tiene reglas estrictas" . Bustle . Consultado el 7 de abril de 2022 .
- ↑ Morona, Joey (23 de marzo de 2020). "¿Cuánto de Cleveland hay en 'Little Fires Everywhere' de Hulu?" . cleveland . Consultado el 7 de abril de 2022 .
- ↑ DeMarco, Laura; Dealer, The Plain (31 de agosto de 2019). "'No One's Home' de DM Pulley, una historia gótica de una casa embrujada en Shaker Heights y sus familias" . Cleveland . Consultado el 7 de abril de 2022 .
Lecturas adicionales
- Marshall, Bruce T. (2006). Shaker Heights . Arcadia Publishing. ISBN 0-7385-4050-1.
- Campen, Richard (1992). Distinguished Homes of Shaker Heights . Kent State University Press. ISBN 0-9601356-7-7.
Enlaces externos
- Sitio web de la ciudad
- Shaker Heights, Ohio
- Ciudades de Ohio
- Ciudades del condado de Cuyahoga, Ohio
- Comunidades planificadas en los Estados Unidos
- Localidades fundadas en 1809
- suburbios con tranvía
- Localidades de Estados Unidos fundadas en 1911.
- área metropolitana de Cleveland