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Sheila Lapinsky

Gay Association of South Africa [[Lesbians and Gays Against Oppression]] Rape Crisis [[End Conscription Campaign]] [[National Coalition for Gay and Lesbian Equality]] Jews for J...

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Sheila Lapinsky (née Barsel, born 1 January 1944) is a South African student, anti-apartheid and LGBTQ+ activist.

Biography

Lapinsky was born on 1 January 1944 in Johannesburg, Transvaal Province (now Gauteng), South Africa. She was born into a middle-class Orthodox Jewish family. Her aunt and uncle were involved with the South African Communist Party (SACP) and she was not allowed by her parents to become close to them.[1]

Lapinsky matriculated from Parktown Girls' High in 1961.[1] She then studied at the University of the Witwatersrand, graduating with a degree in sociology in 1966.[2] As a student she became an activist for the National Union of South African Students (NUSAS) and was news editor of the student newspaper Wits Student.[1]

While serving as general secretary of NUSAS, Lapinsky accused Steve Biko of sexism, as he and his friends competed to see who could have sex with the most female delegates and he never addressed questions of gender or sexism in his politics. He responded by saying "Don't worry about my sexism. What about your white racist friends in NUSAS?"[3]

As a result of the Schlebusch Commission, Lapinsky was served with a five-year banning order on 27 February 1973.[4][5] Her banning order barred her from activism with any student organisations and from entering any education institutions to further her own education,[6][7] so she was forced to leave the NUSAS. Her ban expired in 1978.[1]

During the ban, Lapinsky began working with women's organisations, including Rape Crisis,[8] and claimed in 1995 that "feminism was imported into South Africa from the United States in the 1970s" by local Rape Crisis activists.[9] In this period, she came out as a lesbian.[8] She had previously been married to a man.[1]

In 1983, Lapinsky was one of the co-founders of Lesbians in Love and Compromising Situations, with her partner Julia Nicol.[10]

In 1984 and 1984, Lapinsky was a member of the Gay Association of South Africa (GASA, also known as the 6010 group), but found the organisation "exhausting and isolating" due to a predominantly male membership.[11] Lapinsky has been described as a "headstrong personality"[12] and Zuidelijk Afrika reported that if gay was used in a speech without also mentioning lesbians, she would interrupt the speaker.[13] She planned a gay and lesbian community festival called Towards the People, but this was banned by the government and was not allowed to take place.[1]

When a delegate from GASA was being sent to The International Lesbian and Gay Association (ILGA), Lapinsky argued that they should be black, as homosexuality was "frequently assumed to be un-African."[8] She also corresponded with international LGBTQ+ activists, such as Jon Voss, a Swedish writer for the gay and lesbian monthly journal Reporter,[4] and helped the international LGBTQ+ community become aware of the overlaps of racial and sexual justice in South Africa.[14]

In 1986, Lapinsky was a co-founding member of the Lesbians and Gays Against Oppression (LAGO) in Cape Town, alongside. Derrick Fine, Ivan Toms and Nicol.[15] LAGO took a definite anti-apartheid stance.[16] The later iteration of LAGO, the Organisation for Lesbian and Gay Activists (OLGA), applied to be affiliated with the United Democratic Front (UDF),[17] with Lapinsky delivering the application to a UDF meeting.[11] Lapinsky and Nicol became partners[1][4][18] and were the only lesbian members of the OLGA group executive.[19]

Entre 1987 y 1988, Lapinsky participó activamente en la Campaña para el Fin del Servicio Militar Obligatorio (ECC). También formó parte del comité ejecutivo de la Coalición Nacional por la Igualdad de Gays y Lesbianas (NCGLE) hasta 1997 [ 1 ] y se convirtió en miembro del Congreso Nacional Africano (ANC). [ 20 ] Lapinsky fue miembro del comité ejecutivo de Judíos por la Justicia y fue detenida en 1989 durante una protesta en Ciudad del Cabo. [ 21 ]

En 1990, Lapinsky fue orador principal en la conferencia anual de ILGA y realizó una gira de conferencias en los Países Bajos. [ 22 ]

La pareja de Lapinsky, Nicol, falleció el 3 de abril de 2019. [ 23 ]

Referencias

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "Sheila Lapinsky (de soltera Barsel)" . Historia de Sudáfrica en línea . 23 de abril de 2021 [26 de marzo de 2012] . Consultado el 2 de marzo de 2026 .
  2. ↑ Miedo o libertad . Spro-Cas 2. 1974. pág. 7. 
  3. ↑ Mangcu, Xolela (30 de octubre de 2013). Biko: Una vida . Bloomsbury Academic. págs. 133–134 . ISBN  978-1-78076-785-7.
  4. 1 2 3 Hoad, Neville Wallace; Martin, Karen; Reid, Graeme (2005). Sexo y política en Sudáfrica . Juta and Company Ltd. págs. 36, 121, 241. ISBN  978-1-77013-015-9.
  5. ↑ Trust, South African Democracy Education (2004). El camino hacia la democracia en Sudáfrica . Unisa Press. pág. 864. ISBN  978-1-86888-406-3.
  6. ↑ Vuuren, Nancy Van (1979). Mujeres contra el apartheid: La lucha por la libertad en Sudáfrica, 1920-1975 . R & E Research Associates. pág. 89. ISBN  978-0-88247-575-2.
  7. ↑ Marsh, Pearl Alice (1984). Los fracasos de las políticas de descentralización industrial del apartheid y el auge del movimiento sindical independiente (africano) en Sudáfrica, 1968-1982 . Universidad de California, Berkeley. pág. 228. 
  8. 1 2 3 Bullington, Sam N. (2005). De la "Nación Arcoíris" al "nuevo Apartheid": Orientación sexual y VIH/SIDA en la construcción de la nación sudafricana contemporánea . Universidad de Minnesota. págs. 107, 200. 
  9. ↑ Conferencia Anual del Centro Conjunto Stanford-Berkeley para Estudios Africanos: Artículos . Vol. 2. Centro Conjunto para Estudios Africanos. 1995. 
  10. ↑ "Guía de archivo de GALA" (PDF) .
  11. 12Gevisser, Mark; Cameron, Edwin (1995). Defiant Desire. Psychology Press. pp. 75, 298. ISBN 978-0-415-91061-3.
  12. ↑Dullemen, Caroline van (1991). De klank van Malibongwe: vrouwen in een nieuw Zuid-Afrika (in Dutch). J. Mets. p. 153. ISBN 978-90-5330-027-5.
  13. ↑Zuidelijk Afrika (in Dutch). Vol. 7–8. Nederlands Instituut voor Zuidelijk Afrika. 2003. p. 31.
  14. ↑Batra, Kanika (2 January 2016). "Worlding Sexualities under Apartheid: From Gay Liberation to a Queer Afropolitanism". Postcolonial Studies. 19 (1): 37–52. doi:10.1080/13688790.2016.1222857. ISSN 1368-8790. Retrieved 2 March 2026.
  15. ↑Chernis, Linda (10 February 2023). "The Gala Archives: Preserving The "Queerer" Side of Queer Cape Town". In Camminga, B.; Matebeni, Z. (eds.). Beyond the Mountain, Queer Life in "Africa's Gay Capital". Routledge. ISBN 9781003367062. Retrieved 2 March 2026.
  16. ↑Christiansen, Eric C. (2000). "Ending the Apartheid of the Closet: Sexual Orientation in the South African Constitutional Process". International Law and Politics. Retrieved 2 March 2026.
  17. ↑Louw, Ronald (22 May 2014). "Advancing Human Rights Through Constitutional Protection for Gays and Lesbians in South Africa". In Helmut, Graupner; Tahmindjis, Phillip (eds.). Sexuality and human rights : a global overview. Binghamton, New York: Harrington Park Press. p. 148. ISBN 978-1-56023-554-5. Retrieved 2 March 2026.
  18. ↑Camminga, B.; Matebeni, zethu (10 February 2023). Beyond the Mountain: Queer Life in "Africa's Gay Capital". Taylor & Francis. p. 1992. ISBN 978-1-000-83819-0.
  19. ↑Chesnut, Mark (24 September 1989). "Out of South Africa"(PDF). Out Week. p. 35. Retrieved 2 March 2026.
  20. ↑Tin, Louis-Georges (1 November 2008). The Dictionary of Homophobia: A Global History of Gay & Lesbian Experience. Arsenal Pulp Press. p. 1957. ISBN 978-1-55152-314-9.
  21. ↑I & P: Israel & Palestine Political Report. Magelan. 1989. p. 11.
  22. ↑ Anderson, Shelley (1991). Out in the World: International Lesbian Organizing . Firebrand Books. pág. 15. ISBN  978-1-56341-005-5.
  23. ↑ "Julia Nicol" . Historia de Sudáfrica en línea . Consultado el 2 de marzo de 2026 .