Westerlund 2 is an obscured compact young star cluster (perhaps even a super star cluster[2]) in the Milky Way, with an estimated age of about one or two million years. It contains some of the hottest, brightest, and most massive stars known. The cluster resides inside H II regionRCW 49, located 20,000 light-years away in the constellation Carina. It is half a degree from the naked eye Cepheid variableV399 Carinae.[3]
Cluster members
The cluster contains at least a dozen early O stars, of which at least three are eclipsing binaries. All are hotter than 38,000 K and more luminous than 230,000 L☉.[4] There are around 20 further O class stars in the cluster, all main sequence objects implying a very young age for the cluster.[5]

Several Wolf–Rayet stars are found in the vicinity of Westerlund 2, although not in the central core. WR 20a, a binary consisting of two WR stars, and the single stars WR 20aa, WR 20b, and WR 20c are all thought to be members of the cluster, although possibly now runaway members. All five Wolf Rayets are extremely young massive objects with OIf*/WN spectral types, amongst the most luminous stars in the galaxy. This composite spectral type indicates young very massive hydrogen-burning stars that are just starting to convect nitrogen and helium to the surface and develop denser stellar winds so that they show the emission lines of a Wolf-Rayet star. WR21a, itself a massive binary, lies in the same direction but is unlikely to be a member of Westerlund 2.[6]
Westerlund 2 also contains a large number of pre-main sequence stars with masses below 2.5 M☉. These stars constrain the age of the cluster to near 2 Myr.[7]
Discovery

As its name indicates, the Westerlund 2 cluster was discovered by Bengt Westerlund in the 1960s[8] but its stellar content was assessed only in later years.[9]
Hubble 25th Anniversary Image
El 23 de abril de 2015 se eligió una imagen del cúmulo Westerlund 2 para celebrar el 25 aniversario del Telescopio Espacial Hubble . [ 3 ]
Véase también
Referencias
- ^ " Clave Westerlund 2 " . SIMBAD . Centre de données astronomiques de Estrasburgo . Consultado el 1 de mayo de 2018 .
- ↑ Y. Fukui; et al. (2015). "Colisión nube-nube que desencadenó la formación del supercúmulo estelar RCW38" . The Astrophysical Journal . 1504 (1): 26. arXiv : 1504.05391 . Bibcode : 2016ApJ...820...26F . doi : 10.3847/0004-637X/820/1/26 . S2CID 118096773 .
- 1 2 "El Telescopio Espacial Hubble celebra 25 años desvelando el universo" . NASA . 23 de abril de 2015.
- ↑ Rauw; et al. (1 de marzo de 2007). "Estrellas de tipo temprano en el núcleo del joven cúmulo abierto Westerlund 2". Astronomía y Astrofísica . 463 (3): 981– 991. arXiv : astro-ph/0612622 . Bibcode : 2007A & A...463..981R . doi : 10.1051/0004-6361:20066495 . S2CID 17776145 .
- ↑ Hur, Hyeonoh; Park, Byeong-Gon; Sung, Hwankyung; Bessell, Michael S.; Lim, Beomdu; Chun, Moo-Young; Sohn, Sangmo Tony (2015). "Enrojecimiento, distancia y contenido estelar del joven cúmulo abierto Westerlund 2" . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society . 446 (4): 3797– 3819. arXiv : 1411.0879 . Bibcode : 2015MNRAS.446.3797H . doi : 10.1093/mnras/stu2329 .
- ↑ Carraro, G.; Turner, D.; Majaess, D.; Baume, G. (2013). "La distancia al joven cúmulo abierto Westerlund 2". Astronomía . 555 : A50. arXiv : 1305.4309 . Bibcode : 2013A & A...555A..50C . doi : 10.1051/0004-6361/201321421 . S2CID 53756444 .
- ↑ Ascenso, J.; Alves, J.; Beletsky, Y.; Lago, MTVT (2007). "Imágenes en el infrarrojo cercano de cúmulos masivos galácticos: Westerlund 2" . Astronomía y Astrofísica . 466 (1): 137– 149. Bibcode : 2007A & A...466..137A . doi : 10.1051/0004-6361:20066433 .
- ↑ Bengt Westerlund (1 de marzo de 1961). "Un cúmulo muy enrojecido en Ara" . Astronomical Journal . 70 : 57. Bibcode : 1961AJ.....66T..57W . doi : 10.1086/108585 .
- ↑ Moffat; et al. (1 de agosto de 1991). "Nuevas estrellas Wolf-Rayet en cúmulos abiertos galácticos: Sher 1 y el núcleo de la región H II gigante Westerlund 2". Astronomical Journal . 102 : 642–653 . Bibcode : 1991AJ....102..642M . doi : 10.1086/115897 .
Enlaces externos
- Simbad
- Imagen de Chandra del Westerlund 2 archivada el 29 de enero de 2008 en la Wayback Machine.
- Imagen astronómica del día : el joven cúmulo estelar Westerlund 2, 26 de junio de 2010.
- Imagen astronómica del día de la NASA: Cúmulo y región de formación estelar Westerlund 2 (25 de abril de 2015)
- clústeres abiertos
- Carina (constelación)
- Regiones de formación estelar