1584 in science

The year 1584 in science and technology included many events, some of which are listed here.

• Completion of Tycho Brahe's subterranean observatory at Stjerneborg.
• Giordano Bruno, in England, publishes his "Italian Dialogues", including the cosmological tractsLa Cena de le Ceneri ("The Ash Wednesday Supper"), De la Causa, Principio et Uno ("On Cause, Principle and Unity") and De l'Infinito Universo et Mondi ("On the Infinite Universe and Worlds").

• Lucas Janszoon Waghenaer publishes the first atlas of nautical charts, Spieghel der zeevaerdt (Mariner's Mirror).
• The ItalianJesuitMatteo Ricci, in Zhaoqing, produces the first Chinese world map, on wood, Yudi Shanhai Quantu (舆地山海全图).^[1]
• Abraham Ortelius publishes Itinerarium per nonnullas Galliæ Belgicæ partes in Antwerp.

• June 4 – Walter Ralegh sends Philip Amadas and Arthur Barlowe to explore the Outer Banks of Virginia (now North Carolina), with a view to establishing an Englishcolony; they locate Roanoke Island.^[2]

• Jean Errard publishes Premier livre des instruments mathématiques at Nancy.
• Fabrizio Mordente publishes Il Signor del Compasso Fabritio Mordente. Con altri istromenti mathematici, suo fratello Gasparo da ritrovati at Antwerp and introduces the parallel rulers.
• Zhu Zaiyu calculates equal temperament.

• Jacques Guillemeau publishes his ophthalmology textbook Traite des maladies de l'oeil.
• Thomas Muffet publishes De jure et praestantia chemicorum medicamentorum.

• March 12 – Louis de Foix begins construction of Cordouan lighthouse on the Gironde estuary.^[2]
• Jost Bürgi inventa el escape de ritmo cruzado para relojes. ^{[ 3 ]}

• Nikola Vitov Gučetić publica Sopra le Metheore d'Aristotile, donde ofrece explicaciones sobre las causas de los vientos y del movimiento del aire en las cuevas.

• 22 de marzo? – Grégoire de Saint-Vincent , matemático flamenco (fallecido en 1667 )
• William Baffin , explorador inglés (fallecido en 1622 )
• Giovanni Baptista Ferrari , botánico y lingüista italiano (fallecido en 1655 ).
• Walter Rumsey , juez galés y científico aficionado (fallecido en 1660 ).

• 13 de junio: János Zsámboky , médico y erudito húngaro (n. 1531 ).
• 12 de julio – Steven Borough , explorador inglés (nacido en 1525 )
• Simon Baudichon , médico francés ^{[ 4 ]}