Marga Minco (Dutch pronunciation:[ˈmɑrɣaːˈmɪŋkoː]; born Sara Menco; 31 March 1920 –10 July 2023), for some time known as Marga Faes, was a Dutch journalist and writer, and a Holocaust survivor. She married Dutch poet Bert Voeten.
Early life and education
Marga Minco nació como Sara Menco [ a ] en Ginneken el 31 de marzo de 1920 en el seno de una familia judía ortodoxa . Su padre era Salomon Minco (1887-1943) y era parnas (guardian) en la comunidad judía local; posiblemente trabajaba como vendedor. Su madre era Grietje Minco-van Hoorn (1889-1943). Tenía un hermano, David, y una hermana, Bettie. La familia se mudó a Breda, una ciudad predominantemente católica cerca de su lugar de nacimiento, cuando Sara era niña, y asistió a la escuela pública local. [ 1 ]
Carrera profesional y Segunda Guerra Mundial
Minco comenzó a trabajar como periodista en prácticas en el Bredasche Courant en 1938, escribiendo primero sobre cine y luego incorporándose a la redacción. [ 1 ] Tras la invasión alemana de los Países Bajos en mayo de 1940, e incluso antes de que las fuerzas de ocupación proclamaran medidas antisemitas, fue despedida por orden del consejo editorial del periódico, simpatizante de Alemania .
Al comienzo de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, Minco vivió en Breda , Amersfoort y Ámsterdam . Contrajo una forma leve de tuberculosis y terminó recibiendo tratamiento en hospitales de Utrecht y Amersfoort. En otoño de 1942 regresó a Ámsterdam con sus padres, quienes fueron obligados por los ocupantes alemanes a mudarse al barrio judío de la ciudad . [ 2 ]
Más adelante en la guerra, los padres de Minco, su hermano y su hermana fueron deportados, y ella fue la única que logró escapar corriendo por la puerta trasera. Tras evitar ser arrestada, pasó el resto de la guerra escondida, después de teñirse el pelo de rubio y conseguir un documento de identidad falso. Fue la única superviviente de la familia. [ 1 ] También recibió un nuevo nombre, Marga Faes, cuya primera parte siguió utilizando. [ 2 ]
Matrimonio y familia

Minco conoció al poeta, periodista y traductor Bert Voeten (1918–1992), [ 3 ] [ b ] en 1938 mientras trabajaba en el Bredasche Courant . Voeten no era judío y sus padres no estaban contentos con la relación mientras vivieron. [ 1 ]
Voeten se vio obligada a abandonar Breda a principios de 1940, junto con miles de otros evacuados, huyendo a través de la frontera hacia Bélgica. Durante tres años, Voeten creyó que Minco había muerto, hasta que logró llamarlo por teléfono en 1943. [ 3 ]
Towards the end of the war, while Minco was in hiding under a false identity, and moved into an empty house in Amsterdam along with a group of artists and students, Voeten moved into the house. This house was portrayed in her novel Een leeg huis (The Empty House). In 1944 the couple had a daughter named Bettie after Minco's sister, who had died in the Holocaust.[1]
They married after the war had ended, in August 1945, and both of them worked on a number of newspapers and magazines. In 1956 they had a second daughter, Jessica Voeten.[1]
Minco and Voeten lived from 1949 to 1970[5] in Witsenhuis in Amsterdam.[6][7]
Bert Voeten died in 1992,[1] and is buried in the Zorgvlied cemetery.
Later life and death
Minco turned 100 in March 2020,[8] and died on 10 July 2023, at the age of 103.[9][10]
Writing
In 1957 Minco published her first book, Het bittere kruid ("Bitter herbs"), in which a nameless character goes through war experiences reminiscent of the author's. The title of her later book Een leeg huis ("An empty house") refers not only to the demolished house that the protagonist finds after emerging from hiding at the end of the occupation but also to the emptiness that she and her friend Yona experience in the postwar years, to which was added the distance and sometimes even hostility displayed by many people in the Netherlands towards returnees from the concentration camps. This phenomenon was further described by Minco in her collection of short stories, De andere kant ("The other side").
Existentialism imposes a special tightness on her work. The main characters, often survivors of the Holocaust, experience their lives as meaningless. Often, they have survived the war only by a series of coincidences, while their loved ones have been murdered. Frieda Borgstein, for example, in the novella De val ("The Fall"), manages by chance to survive the whole war without falling into the hands of the Nazis who have taken her husband's life. She dies, nevertheless, just before her 85th birthday, by falling accidentally into an unprotected well.
Awards
- 1957 – Bureau voor Postreclame en Adressen De Mutator N.V., Short story prize for Het adress
- 1958 – Vijverberg Prize for Het bittere kruid[11]
- 1999 – Annie Romein Prize, for her entire oeuvre[1]
- 2005 – Constantijn Huygens Prize, for her entire oeuvre[1]
- 2019 - P.C. Hooft Award, for her entire oeuvre[12][1]
Bibliography
- Het bittere kruid – een kleine kroniek (1957) (Bitter herbs – a little chronicle)
- Het adres (1957) (The address)
- De andere kant (collection) (1959) (The other side)
- Tegenvoeters (with Bert Voeten) (1961) (Antipodeans)
- Kijk 'ns in de la (1963) (Have a look in the drawer)
- Het huis hiernaast (1965) (The house next door)
- Terugkeer (1965) (Return)
- Een leeg huis (1966) (An empty house)
- Het bittere kruid / Verhalen / Een leeg huis (1968) (Bitter herbs / Stories / An empty house)
- De trapeze 6 (with Mies Bouhuys) (1968)
- De dag dat mijn zuster trouwde (1970) (The day my sister got married)
- Meneer Frits en andere verhalen uit de vijftiger jaren (1974) (Mr Frits and other stories from the fifties)
- Je mag van geluk spreken (in Bulkboek 46, 1975) (Talk about lucky)
- Het adres en andere verhalen (1976) (The address and other stories)
- Floroskoop – Maart (1979) (Floroscope – March)
- Verzamelde verhalen 1951–1981 (1982) (Collected stories)
- De glazen brug (Boekenweekgeschenk 1986) (The glass bridge)
- De glazen brug (with Loe de Jong): De joodse onderduik) (1988) (The glass bridge / Jews in hiding)
- De zon is maar een zeepbel, twaalf droomverslagen (1990) (The sun is but a soap bubble, twelve dream reports)
- De verdwenen bladzij – verhalenbundel voor kinderen (1994) (The missing page – stories for children)
- Nagelaten dagen (1997) (Bequeathed days)
- De schrijver (a literary relay with Harry Mulisch, Gerrit Komrij, Adriaan van Dis, Maarten 't Hart, Remco Campert, Hugo Claus, and Joost Zwagerman) (2000) (The writer)
- Decemberblues (2003)
- Storing (stories) (2004)
- Een sprong in de tijd (essay written for the Remembrance Day ceremony in Nieuwe Kerk, Amsterdam, and delivered by her daughter Jessica Voeten) (2008) (A leap in time)
Footnotes
References
- 12345678910Schonheim, Marloes (23 June 2021). "Jewish Women's Archive". Jewish Women's Archive. Retrieved 27 February 2024.
- 12"Marga Minco (103), 'de eerste Sjoa-auteur van Nederland'". Jonet.nl (in Dutch). 14 July 2023. Retrieved 27 February 2024.
- 12"Voeten, Bert 1918–1992". Encyclopedia.com. 6 July 1918. Retrieved 27 February 2024.
- ↑"Indexen". Stadsarchief Amsterdam (in Dutch). Retrieved 27 February 2024.
- ↑"Bert Voeten (2003) Neem je bed op en wandel".
- ↑"Schrijvers onderdak – Wonen in het Witsenhuis". Boeken over Boeken (in Dutch). 26 February 2024. Retrieved 27 February 2024.
- ↑"Witsenhuis in Amsterdam". Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgoed (in Dutch). Retrieved 27 February 2024.
- ↑Marga Minco 100 jaar: 'Ze vindt drie cijfers veel te veel'
- ↑"De omgebrachte familie van Marga Minco kon voortbestaan in haar verhalen". NRC (in Dutch). 14 July 2023. Retrieved 14 July 2023.
- ↑"Schrijfster Marga Minco (103) overleden, 'de Nederlandse stem in Europese oorlogsliteratuur'". NOS Nieuws (in Dutch). 14 July 2023. Retrieved 14 July 2023.
- ↑"F. Bordewijk-prijs". Literatuurmuseum (in Dutch). Retrieved 27 February 2024.
- ↑Thomas de Veen, "P.C. Hooftprijs voor Marga Minco - Meer dan schrijfster 'Het Bittere Kruid'" (in Dutch), NRC, 11 December 2018.
External links
Media related to Marga Minco at Wikimedia Commons
- 1920 births
- 2023 deaths
- 20th-century Dutch novelists
- 20th-century Dutch women writers
- 20th-century Dutch Jews
- 21st-century Dutch novelists
- 21st-century Dutch women writers
- 21st-century Dutch Jews
- Constantijn Huygens Prize winners
- Dutch women centenarians
- Dutch women journalists
- Dutch women novelists
- Dutch Holocaust survivors
- People from Breda
- Jewish Dutch writers
- Jewish women novelists
- Jewish novelists
- Jewish centenarians
- Burials at Zorgvlied Cemetery