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Charles Boarman

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Charles Boarman (December 24, 1795 – September 13, 1879) was a career officer in the United States Navy. He entered the naval service shortly before the War of 1812 and served until 1876, subsequently retiring as a rear admiral. He held a number of important posts, both in peace and wartime, in the Mediterranean, West Indies and Brazil Squadrons and as commandant of the Brooklyn Navy Yard. He was also assigned to special duty during the American Civil War and a member of the U.S. Naval Board at Washington, D.C.

After attending naval school at the Washington Navy Yard, Boarman saw service as a young midshipmen aboard USS Jefferson during the War of 1812 and later took part in anti-piracy operations in the early 1820s. He commanded a number of warships between 1827 and 1850, most notably, USS Brandywine during the Mexican–American War. In 1876, Boarman was promoted to rear admiral on the retired list and died in Martinsburg, West Virginia, three years later.

He was among several of Catholic background, such as John Cassin, Patrick McDonough, and Philemon C. Wederstrandt, to become high-ranking naval officers in the early years of the U.S. Navy.[1] He was also, at the time of his death, the longest serving naval officer on the Navy Register with 68 years service. The Boarman family home, the Boarman House, occupied by the family for over a century, is a state historical landmark in West Virginia.

Early life and career

Charles Boarman was born in Bryantown, Maryland, on December 24, 1795. He was the son of Mary (née Edelen; c. 1754 – April 23, 1836) and Charles Boarman Sr. (1751 – 1819), a professor at Georgetown College.[2][3] The Boarmans were among the oldest families in colonial Maryland. Its patriarch, Major William Boarman (1630–1709), was an officer and administrator under Lord Baltimore, first arriving in the colony in 1645, and became a major landholder in present-day Charles County.[4] Many of Charles Boarman's relatives were in the clergy including his uncle Rev. Sylvester Boarman and distant cousins Rev. Father Edelen and Rev. Cornelius Thomas, the latter a rector of St. Anne's Church in Baltimore. Boarman's aunt Sallie Edelen was a Sister in the Poor Clares in France before having to flee the country during the Reign of Terror; four of his cousins were among the first women to enter Baltimore's Carmelite Convent.[2]

Boarman's father was also, at one time, studying to enter the priesthood. He was educated at the Jesuit College of Liege, Belgium, and was a scholastic of the Society at the time of the suppression of the Jesuits in 1773. As a result, he was released from his vows and returned to Maryland where he met and married his future wife.[2] The Boarman family lived on a farm in Charles County while Charles Boarman Sr. resided at Georgetown University. In 1799, he moved the family to Georgetown, where they lived in a brick house on the university grounds. After Boarman Sr. died, the house was occupied by Mrs. Susan Decatur, widow of Captain Stephen Decatur, until her death in 1860. The property was later sold and the house was torn down; the site is now included in the university's baseball field.[2]

The younger Charles Boarman was educated at Georgetown from 1803 to 1808. In 1811, Boarman's father wrote to Robert Brent, the mayor of Washington, D.C. and U.S. Army paymaster, asking for a letter of recommendation for his son in regards to a midshipman's commission in the United States Navy.[5] In August of that year, on behalf of Boarman's father, Brent wrote to then United States Secretary of the NavyPaul Hamilton endorsing the commission.[5] In addition to the father's letter was a personal application from a 16-year-old "Charley" Boarman himself.[5]

Hamilton approved Boarman's application a day after receiving the letter.[5] He attended instruction in the Washington Navy Yard and was under the tuition of Chaplain Andrew Hunter, a military chaplain in the Continental Army and mathematics professor in Princeton University, while in Washington. Boarman was assigned to the sloopUSS Erie in Baltimore upon the completion of his training in September 1813. He later served aboard the brigUSS Jefferson seeing action on Lake Ontario during the War of 1812.[2][3][6][7][8][9] He was one of several Georgetown alumni, including Thomas Blackstone, William Ford, Thomas Robinson, John Rogers, and Clement Sewall to participate in the war.[10]

Service in the Mediterranean, West Indies, and Brazil squadrons

Boarman returned to Erie at the end of the war as part of the Mediterranean Squadron and won promotion to lieutenant on March 5, 1817. After a brief time sailing with the West India Squadron on the sloop USS Peacock he was stationed at the Washington Navy Yard.[7][9] On March 21, 1820, Boarman was married to Mary Ann "Nancy" Abell, daughter of John Abell and Sarah Forrest, wealthy Virginian landowners, in Jefferson County.[2] He soon went to sea again seeing service on USS John Adams (1823) and USS Decoy (1824)[8] as part of the U.S. Navy's anti-piracy operations in the West Indies. On July 24, 1824, Boarman temporarily took command of the schooner USS Weazel from Commodore David Porter during which time he was on convoy duty and patrolled for pirates. That summer, Boarman captured a pirate ship off the coast of Crab Island but its crew managed to escape to shore. In September, he escorted three American merchant ships from Havana, Cuba, to Campeachy, and then carried $65,000 from Tampico which was to be shipped to New York. In July 1825, Boarman was one of several officers of the West Indies Squadron which testified at the naval court of inquiry and court martial of Commodore Porter.[11]

Boarman received his first command, USS Weazel (1827), and then transferred to the frigatesUSS Java (1828) and USS Delaware (1829), both flagships of the Mediterranean Squadron. In 1830, he was made executive officer of the Brazil Squadron's flagship USS Hudson. In September, he took temporary command of USS Vandalia while Captain John Gallagher left to testify in the court martial of fellow Captain Beekman V. Hoffman of USS Boston.[7][12] He went back to Hudson after Gallagher's return and remained on board until 1836 when he was reassigned to the West India Squadron and given command of the schooner USS Grampus. On February 9, 1837, he was made a full commander, and in 1840 captained the sloop USS Fairfield.[9] It was during this period that Solomon H. Sanborn, master-at-arms of Fairfield from 1837 to 1839, accused the ship's officers, including Boarman, of complicity in illegal coltings and floggings with cat o' nine tails by not reporting them in the ship's logbook. He also alleged that Boarman used the discipline tribunal to keep a member of the crew, seaman John Smith, on board past the term of his enlistment with a court martial trial. In 1840, Sanborn published a 40-page pamphlet in New York describing his experiences, however, no charges were ever brought against any officers of Fairfield.[13]

Four years later, on March 29, 1844, Boarman won his captain's commission and assumed command of the Brazil Squadron's flagship USS Brandywine. Boarman held this command throughout the Mexican–American War[9] and, between 1847 and 1850, embarked on a three-year voyage.[6][7][8]

Commandant of the Brooklyn Navy Yard

After leaving the Brazil Squadron, Boarman succeeded Captain William D. Salter as commander of the Brooklyn Navy Yard[8] and remained in charge of the facility from October 14, 1852 to October 1, 1855.[6][9][14] In the four-year period he and his family were stationed in Brooklyn one of his daughters, Mary Jane Boarman, began a relationship with William Henry Broome, longtime deputy collector of the New York Custom House; the two may have been introduced through Broome's brother John L. Broome who was serving as a marine lieutenant at the navy yard. They were married in a modest ceremony at the Commandant's House, officiated by Archbishop John Hughes, on October 18, 1853; the family regularly attended Sunday Mass at St. James' Cathedral, in all kinds of weather, where Boarman was a pew holder.[2] Boarman later bought the house and lot that Mary Ann lived at in Brooklyn and, after her husband's death in 1876, left the property to her in his will.[15]

During his tenure at the navy yard Boarman supervised the fitting out of the Japan expedition under Commodore Matthew C. Perry.[7] In May 1855, responding to reports by the Pierce Administration of a possible filibustering expedition being headed by Henry L. Kinney, Boarman used the naval forces under his command to form a blockade around Kinney's ship moored at an East River wharf effectively blocking Kinney and associate Joseph W. Fabens from leaving New York Harbor; the two were subsequently arrested.[16] Four months after this incident, on September 18, 1855, Boarman was placed on the reserve list, less than a month before turning over command of the yard to Captain Abraham Bigelow, holding the rank of captain.[2]

Later career

Boarman was recalled to duty upon the start of the American Civil War. Although he was born a southerner, and a longtime resident of Martinsburg, Virginia, he remained with the Union and supported the secession of West Virginia from Virginia proper. Two of his sons-in-law, Robert P. Bryarly and Jeremiah Harris, the latter a member of the famed Ashby's Cavalry, both served in the Confederate Army.[9] In a letter to one of his sons, written at the start of the war, Boarman "declared his steadfast allegiance to the flag of his country, which he had sworn to defend". Technically a slave owner through marriage to his wife, Boarman immediately freed his slaves and "faced bravely the financial hardship that followed this act". Boarman was detained on special duty throughout the war,[9] his "rare executive capacities peculiarly fitting him for such service", and in 1863 was appointed to the U.S. Naval Board in Washington, DC. On March 12, 1867, he was promoted to the rank of commodore.[6] Boarman retired at the rank of rear admiral nine years later.[2][3][8][9]

Boarman eventually returned to Martinsburg where he and his wife spent their final years. Charles and Mary Ann Boarman had originally lived in Maryland before moving to Martinsburg to raise their family; they had 13 children together, however, only 10 survived to adulthood. In March 1870, the couple celebrated their 50th wedding anniversary. Mary Ann Boarman died on September 26, 1875. Mary Ann, who converted to Catholicism to marry her husband, was an active member of the local diocese, St. Joseph's Catholic Church, and spent much of her time involved in charities to help the sick and the poor while Charles Boarman was away at sea.[2] Her loss was mourned by the townspeople with one writing: "In her death we lose one of our most charitable citizens; she will be missed by very many of the poor of Martinsburg; she was always seeking the sick and administering to their wants. She was truly an angel of mercy and charity and a strict and consistent member of the church".[7] Boarman was also involved in church activities and, when their children were younger, wrote to a local convent asking the Mother Superior for Nuns to teach the Catholic children of Martinsburg.[15]

Boarman murió en Martinsburg el 13 de septiembre de 1879. A Boarman le sobrevivieron diez hijos, cuatro varones y seis hijas, [ 2 ] incluyendo al médico de la frontera Dr. Charles Boarman (1828–1880), quien fue uno de los primeros pioneros en establecerse en el actual condado de Amador, California . [ 8 ] Dos de sus hijas también se casaron con familias prominentes; Susan Martha Boarman se casó con el terrateniente de Virginia Jeremiah Harris y Mary Jane Boarman se convirtió en la esposa de William Henry Broome, subrecaudador de la Aduana de Nueva York . [ 7 ] [ 17 ] Su nieto Dr. Charles Boarman Harris (1857–1942), un conocido médico pionero en el noroeste de Minnesota y el Territorio de Dakota , ayudó a establecer el asentamiento más antiguo en el estado de Dakota del Norte . [ 18 ] Andrew "Andy" F. Boarman (1910–1999), un popular músico de banjo y bluegrass, fue bisnieto de Charles Boarman. [ 19 ]

En el momento de su muerte, Boarman era el oficial con más años de servicio en el Registro de la Armada de los Estados Unidos , con más de 68 años de servicio, y el Departamento Naval de los Estados Unidos emitió una orden general especial para reconocer su fallecimiento. [ 2 ] [ 3 ]

Casa Boarman

La casa de la familia Boarman, comúnmente conocida como la Casa Boarman , es un monumento histórico en el estado de Virginia Occidental. [ 20 ] Es uno de los edificios de ladrillo más antiguos del centro de Martinsburg y forma parte del recorrido a pie de la ciudad por los monumentos de la Guerra Civil. [ 21 ] Originalmente construida por Philip Nadenbousch, fue comprada por el teniente Charles Boarman en 1832 y permaneció en la familia Boarman durante más de un siglo antes de ser vendida al Círculo de las Hijas del Rey en diciembre de 1943, y luego a las Hermanas del Espíritu Santo en 1953; el edificio se utilizó como apartamentos y varias oficinas, incluida una oficina de empleo para los soldados que regresaban de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, durante este tiempo. Fue comprada en 1980 por la corporación sin fines de lucro de Virginia Occidental Associates for Community Development y, después de extensas restauraciones, albergó el Centro de Artes Boarman y la Oficina de Convenciones y Visitantes del Condado de Martinsburg-Berkeley de 1987 a 2001; [ 22 ] El edificio exhibía el diario de navegación de Boarman y dos retratos, uno de cuando compró la casa siendo un joven teniente y el otro como un oficial de mayor edad. [ 23 ] En octubre de 2005, la casa fue vendida a una pareja de Leesburg, Virginia , Chester y Jeanne Martin, quienes planeaban convertirla en el primer bed and breakfast de la ciudad . [ 24 ]

Referencias

  1. ↑ Mariale . Loretto, Pensilvania: Seminario de San Francisco, 1929.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Furey, John. «Algunos nombres católicos en la lista de la Marina de los EE. UU.». Registros y estudios históricos . Vol. VI, n.° 1. Nueva York: Sociedad Histórica Católica de los Estados Unidos, 1911. (págs. 181-184)
  3. 1 2 3 4 Benson, William S., James J. Walsh y Edward J. Hanna, eds. «Católicos en la Armada de los Estados Unidos». Constructores católicos de la nación: Simposio sobre la contribución católica a la civilización de los Estados Unidos . Boston: Continental Press, 1923. (págs. 263-264)
  4. ↑ Thomas, CF Genealogía de la familia Boarman . Baltimore: John Murphy & Co., 1897. (págs. 5, 16)
  5. 1 2 3 4 McKee, Christopher. Una profesión honorable y caballeresca: La creación del Cuerpo de Oficiales Navales de los Estados Unidos, 1794-1815 . Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press, 1991. (págs. 40-41) ISBN 0-87021-283-4
  6. 1 2 3 4 Hamersly, Lewis R. «Comodoro Charles Boarman». Registros de oficiales vivos de la Armada y el Cuerpo de Marines de los Estados Unidos . 3.ª ed. Filadelfia: JB Lippincott & Co., 1878. (pág. 88)
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Norris, JE Historia del valle inferior de Shenandoah . Chicago: A. Warner and Company, Editores, 1890. (págs. 688-689)
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Historia del Condado de Amador . Federación de Clubes de Mujeres del Condado de Amador, abril de 1927. (págs. 94-95)
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "Obituario. Contralmirante Boarman" (PDF) . The New York Times . 16 de septiembre de 1879. Consultado el 10 de agosto de 2012 .
  10. ↑ Curran, Robert Emmett. La historia del bicentenario de la Universidad de Georgetown: De la academia a la universidad, 1789-1889 . Vol. 1. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press, 1993. (pág. 20) ISBN 0-87840-485-6
  11. ↑ Departamento de la Marina de los Estados Unidos . Actas de las sesiones de los tribunales de investigación y consejo de guerra, en relación con el capitán David Porter: Convocadas en Washington, D.C., el jueves 7 de julio de 1825. Washington, D.C.: Davis & Force, 1825. (págs. 80-81)
  12. ↑ Sands, Benjamin F. De marinero raso a contralmirante: recuerdos y anotaciones de casi medio siglo de vida naval . Nueva York: Frederick A. Stokes Company, 1899. (pág. 41)
  13. ↑ Valle, James E. Rocas y bajíos: Disciplina naval en la era de la vela de combate . Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 1996. (págs. 251-252) ISBN 1-55750-879-8
  14. ↑ "Galería de retratos del astillero naval; al comandante Kellog ahora solo le faltan fotos de seis comandantes" (PDF) . The New York Times . 11 de octubre de 1908. Consultado el 10 de agosto de 2012 .
  15. 1 2 Semans, Barbara Broome y Letitia Broome Schwarz. John Broome y Rebecca Lloyd: Sus descendientes y familias relacionadas, siglos XVIII al XXI . Vol. 1. Nueva York: Xlibris Corporation, 2009. (págs. 194-196) ISBN 1-4363-2383-5
  16. ↑ Blight, David W. y Brooks D. Simpson, eds. Unión y emancipación: ensayos sobre política y raza en la época de la Guerra Civil . Kent, Ohio: Kent State University Press, 1997. (p. 19) ISBN 0-87338-565-9
  17. ↑ Brown, Milton (18 de mayo de 1876). "Funeral del subrecaudador Broome; relato de su vida e historia familiar—Exequias en su antigua residencia por el Dr. Schenck—Sepelio en Greenwood". Brooklyn Daily Eagle .
  18. ↑ Lounsberry, Clement A. «Dr. Charles Harris». Historia y gente de Dakota del Norte . Vol. III. Chicago: SJ Clarke Publishing Company, 1917. (pág. 844)
  19. ↑ Lilly, John, ed. Montañas de música: Música tradicional de Virginia Occidental de Goldenseal . Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1999. (pág. 114) ISBN 0-252-02499-0
  20. ↑ Comisión Estatal de Carreteras de Virginia Occidental . Señales de carreteras históricas y panorámicas de Virginia Occidental . Charleston, Virginia Occidental: Matthews Printing Company, 1937. (pág. 143)
  21. ↑ "Recorrido a pie por Martinsburg sobre la Guerra Civil" . La Guerra Civil en el Valle de Shenandoah . ShenandoahBattlefields.org . Consultado el 10 de agosto de 2012 .
  22. ↑ "La Casa del Almirante Boarman" . Nuestra Historia . TheArtCentre.org. Archivado del original el 7 de enero de 2013. Consultado el 10 de agosto de 2012 .
  23. ↑ Henderson, Catherine. Ferias, festivales y diversión en Virginia Occidental . St. Albans, Virginia Occidental: H&H Publications, 1996. (pág. 60) ISBN 0-9651919-5-8
  24. ↑ Snyder, Robert (11 de enero de 2011). "Los nuevos propietarios de Boarman consideran la posibilidad de un alojamiento con desayuno" . Herald-Mail . Archivado del original el 4 de marzo de 2016. Recuperado el 10 de agosto de 2012 .

Lecturas adicionales

  • The American Neptune : Revista trimestral de historia marítima . Abril de 1961, vol. XXI, n.º 2. Salem, Massachusetts: Peabody Museum of Salem, 1961: págs. 145-146.