Articulo de referencia

Crosspool

Coordinates : 53°22′41″N 1°31′34″W / 53.378°N 1.526°W / 53.378; -1.526 Crosspool is a suburb of the City of Sheffield , South Yorkshire , England , located 2.5 miles (4 km) we...

Coordinates: 53°22′41″N1°31′34″W / 53.378°N 1.526°W / 53.378; -1.526
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Crosspool is a suburb of the City of Sheffield, South Yorkshire, England, located 2.5 miles (4 km) west of the city centre. The suburb falls within the Crookes ward of the City of Sheffield. It is a middle class residential area[2] in an elevated position above the Porter and Rivelin valleys and stands at around 660 feet (200 m) above sea level. Crosspool is situated on the A57 road (Manchester Road) and is the last suburb on that road before the city boundary and open countryside is reached. In 2011 Crosspool had a population of 6,703.[3][4][5]

History

The oldest building in Crosspool. Situated at the junction of Sandygate Road and Ringstead Crescent, it was formerly a line of cottages and dates from the 1600s.
The shops at the junction of Sandygate Road and Manchester Road are regarded as the centre of Crosspool.

The area of Crosspool is a fairly recent creation and, unlike some Sheffield suburbs, does not have any ancient history as a village stretching back over the centuries. W. Fairbank's “Map of the Parish of Sheffield in the County of York” published in 1795 shows it as a thinly populated unnamed area sprinkled with a few buildings. From the early centuries AD the Long Causeway ancient track passed through the area; this originated in Roman times as a highway connecting the forts at Templeborough and Buxton and continued in later centuries as a packhorse route.[6]

Throughout medieval times the area was part of a deer hunting park known as Hallamshire Chase. This was an area of thousands of acres set aside for the Lords of Hallamshire after the Norman conquest of England.[6] Lydgate Hall was one of the earliest substantial buildings in the area as it existed in the early 1700s although it was substantially altered and extended in the early 19th century. It was the home of the steel magnate Horatio Bright (1827–1905) for the last 30 years of his life. The Hall was eventually demolished in the 1930s being replaced by housing on Lydgate Hall Crescent.

The Crosspool Tavern, a pub on Manchester Road since 1824, the original building was replaced by this structure in 1930.
La iglesia de St. Columba, en Manchester Road, data de 1956.

Aunque nunca existió un pueblo como Crosspool, la zona estaba estratégicamente ubicada, ya que dos carreteras que salían de Sheffield la atravesaban. Además, contaba con una caseta de peaje , posadas y una herrería para atender a los viajeros. La principal actividad económica en los siglos XVIII y XIX era la agricultura, aunque también existía una extensa explotación de canteras . La presencia de varias lagunas naturales dio nombre a la zona en el siglo XIX, pues se decía que los viajeros que circulaban por las carreteras de peaje "cruzaban las lagunas" al pasar por el vecindario, dando origen al nombre de Crosspool. La carretera A57 se construyó en 1820 y los peajes se eliminaron gradualmente en 1884, pero el desarrollo urbanístico en la zona se retrasó debido a la posición elevada de Crosspool, que los promotores inmobiliarios consideraban que disuadiría a la gente de asentarse allí.

El desarrollo urbanístico comenzó finalmente en la década de 1880, pero la construcción a gran escala no se produjo hasta después de la Primera Guerra Mundial . En 1913, Crosspool se convirtió en la primera zona de Sheffield en contar con un servicio de transporte público en autobús, ya que el tranvía de Sheffield no llegaba hasta el suburbio. Crosspool sufrió algunos daños por bombardeos durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial , cuando cayeron bombas sobre Den Bank, Shore Lane, Sandygate Road y Ringstead Crescent. [ 7 ] [ 8 ]

Datos demográficos

La antena transmisora ​​de Crosspool es un punto de referencia destacado en Sheffield.

Crosspool es un suburbio con límites difusos; se fusiona con los barrios adyacentes de Crookes , Fulwood y Ranmoor y cuenta con subdistritos como Tapton Hill, Sandygate y Hallam Head. Tiene una población total de 7070 residentes según un Perfil Vecinal del NHS de 2006/7 , apenas el 1,3 % de la población de la ciudad de Sheffield. Otras estadísticas confirman que Crosspool es una zona de clase media, con casi el 87 % de los residentes siendo propietarios de sus viviendas, en comparación con el promedio de Sheffield del 60,2 %. Casi el 80 % de las viviendas de Crosspool son unifamiliares o adosadas, también muy por encima del promedio. El 93,1 % de los alumnos de Year 11 continúan sus estudios superiores, en comparación con el promedio de Sheffield del 86,8 %, mientras que el 38,5 % de los adultos de Crosspool tienen estudios universitarios, en contraste con el promedio de Sheffield del 18,8 %. [ 9 ]

Edificios y monumentos

El actual Crosspool se centra en la zona alrededor del cruce de Manchester Road, Sandygate Road y Lydgate Lane ( localmente / ˈ l ɪ ɪ t / Li- JIT ) donde hay una selección de tiendas, establecimientos de comida para llevar y una oficina de correos que desde 2004 se encuentra dentro de un supermercado SPAR . El Crosspool Tavern, un pub , también está en esta zona. Otros pubs en Crosspool son “The Sportsman” en Stephen Hill y “The Plough” en Sandygate. Otro pub, el “Hallamshire Hotel” en Lydgate Lane, fue demolido en el verano de 2011 y ha sido reemplazado por cuatro casas, dos apartamentos y un bloque de garajes independiente. [ 10 ] Hay cuatro escuelas en Crosspool para diferentes grupos de edad. Tapton School en Darwin Lane tiene más de 1600 alumnos entre 11 y 18 años y es un colegio especializado en ciencias y artes. [ 11 ] La escuela primaria de King Edward VII School también está ubicada en Darwin Lane y era conocida como Crosspool Secondary Modern School hasta 1969. Lydgate Junior School está situada en Manchester Road y tiene alrededor de 480 alumnos entre las edades de 7 y 11 años. Mientras que Lydgate Infant School en Lydgate Lane tiene poco más de 300 alumnos, está ubicada en un edificio catalogado de Grado II que data de 1896, construido por William John Hale .

Tapton Hall , un edificio catalogado de Grado II, está situado en Shore Lane. Fue construido en 1855 y fue la residencia del industrial Edward Vickers y del propietario de la fábrica de tabaco George Wilson; hoy en día es un centro de conferencias y banquetes con licencia para celebrar bodas. [ 12 ] Otra estructura catalogada de Grado II es The Towers , una fantasía de estilo baronial escocés en Sandygate Road.

The main churches in Crosspool are the Church of St. Columba and Stephen Hill Methodist Church, both of which are located on Manchester Road near the centre of the suburb. Because of the pressure from housing developers present day Crosspool has been left with very few open spaces for recreation with the small park/play area on the north side of Lydgate Lane being created on re-claimed land when an extensive quarry was filled in the first half of the 20th century. A prominent landmark, also on Lydgate Lane, is the Crosspool transmitter, officially known as the Tapton Hill transmitting station, which stands on the site of a covered reservoir and is well seen from many parts of Sheffield. The 57-metre-high mast takes advantage of Crosspool's elevated position to provide TV pictures and radio signals for Sheffield by the “line of sight” method. The privately run Claremont Hospital is situated at 401 Sandygate Road.

Sport

Hallam F.C., the second oldest football club in the world has its home ground in Crosspool at Sandygate Road, which is the oldest football ground in the world.[13] Crosspool hosts the start and finish of the Hallam Chase, a 3.25 miles (5.25 km) race starting at Hallam cricket ground, going on a very hilly route to Stannington church and then returning to the ground. The route has almost 250 metres of ascending and is run every year on Whit Tuesday. The race, which is organised by the local athletics club, the Hallamshire Harriers, started in 1863.[14]Sebastian Coe, the Olympic Games gold medal winning middle distance runner, was brought up in Crosspool, attending Tapton School and being a member of Hallamshire Harriers.

Community

Reports of open meeting minutes, together with items of local interest, letters and adverts are published in the quarterly 'Crosspool Clarion' magazine, delivered to over 2,500 local households, and also on the crosspool.info website. Many events and village activities are held in Crosspool. Every year since 2003 a summer fayre has been held in July, along with car boot sales in June and September. A Festival was first organised in 2010, going on to become an annual event.

References

  1. Crosspool Neighbourhood Profile 2006/07Archived 21 October 2007 at the Wayback Machine, NHS
  2. "Approach To Urban Sociology", Peter H. Mann, ISBN 0-7100-3453-9 Page 91 Calls Crosspool a “Middle Class Residential Suburb”.
  3. Crosspool is made up of 16 output areas in the Crookes ward http://ukcensusdata.com/crookes-e05001046#sthash.8f7CoS8k.dpbs
  4. Crosspool is made up of 3 output areas in the Fulwood ward http://ukcensusdata.com/fulwood-e05001052#sthash.eZI3nsb7.dpbs
  5. Crosspool is made up of 1 output area in the Broomhill ward http://ukcensusdata.com/broomhill-e05001043#sthash.cTooBVTk.4qp9h3yb.dpbs
  6. 12"Historic Hallamshire", David Hey, ISBN 1-84306-049-3 Gives details of Long Causeway and Hallamshire Chase.
  7. "Cross pool (Images of England)", Judith Hanson, ISBN 0-7524-2821-7 Gives detailed history.
  8. "Crookes Revisited", Crookes Local History Group, ISBN 0-9508064-1-2 Gives general history.
  9. Crosspool Neighbourhood Profile 2006/7.Archived 21 October 2007 at the Wayback Machine Gives statistics.
  10. Crosspool.info Gives details of demolition of Hallamshire Hotel.
  11. Tapton School Website. Gives details of Tapton School.
  12. "Sheffield‘s Remarkable Houses", Roger Redfern, ISBN 0-9519148-3-9, page 20, Gives details of Tapton Hall.
  13. www.theoldestfootballgroundintheworld.com. Gives details of Hallam F.C.
  14. "Hallam Chase Home Page". www.thehallamchase.org.uk. Retrieved 29 August 2017.
  • Sources for the history of Crosspool Produced by Sheffield City Council's Libraries and Archives