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Ganbaru

Ganbaru ( 頑張る ; literal translation "}]]}">lit. 'stand firm') , also romanized as gambaru , is a Japanese word which roughly means to slog on tenaciously through tough times. [ ...

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Ganbaru (頑張る; lit. 'stand firm'), also romanized as gambaru, is a Japanese word which roughly means to slog on tenaciously through tough times.[1]

The word ganbaru is often translated as "doing one's best", but in practice, it means doing more than one's best.[2] The word emphasizes "working with perseverance"[3] or "toughing it out".[4]

Ganbaru means "to commit oneself fully to a task and to bring that task to an end".[5] It can be translated as persistence, tenacity, doggedness, and hard work. The term has a unique importance in Japanese culture.[6]

Sign on a torii gate proclaiming "Gambaro Japan!"

The New York Times said of Shoichi Yokoi, the Japanese holdout who surrendered in Guam in January 1972, that in Japan "even those embarrassed by his constant references to the Emperor felt a measure of admiration at his determination and ganbaru spirit".[1] After the 1995 Kobe earthquake, the slogan "Gambaro Kobe" was used to encourage the people of the disaster region as they worked to rebuild their city and their lives.[7] After the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami, gambaru was one of the most commonly heard expressions.[8]

Etymology

The modern spelling is ateji using the 頑 character to represent an unknown original lexeme.[9]

The sense was originally to be stubborn, to be obstinate, with negative overtones. The modern positive sense of to persist, to endure has arisen since the end of the Edo period in 1868.

There are three theories of the origin:

  • Sense shift from 眼張る (ganbaru, "to keep watch on something, to stare at something", literally "keep one's eye on something")
  • Shift in reading from 我に張る (ga ni haru, literally "to stick to one's desires, to insist on one's point of view")
  • An unknown etymology based on the historical kana form ぐわんばる

Analysis

Gambaru hace hincapié en la importancia de terminar una tarea y no detenerse hasta alcanzar la meta. El esfuerzo constante por superar los obstáculos (incluso si no se logra el éxito) es un concepto fundamental en Japón.

A diferencia del gaman , relacionado pero pasivo , el ganbaru es un proceso activo. [ 10 ]

Aunque en japonés existen muchos sinónimos cercanos , hay pocos antónimos . [ 6 ]

Véase también

  • El Libro de los Cinco Anillos – Texto sobre kenjutsu y artes marciales en general 
  • Gaman - un término japonés similar
  • Jiayou – un término chino de significado similar
  • Pintura : un término coreano de significado similar.
  • Sisu : una palabra finlandesa que denota tenacidad y un concepto más amplio.
  • Estoicismo – Filosofía antigua 

Referencias

  1. 1 2 Kristoff, Nicholas D. (26 de septiembre de 1997). "Shoichi Yokoi, de 82 años, ha muerto; soldado japonés se escondió durante 27 años" . New York Times .
  2. ↑ Sepp Linhart; Sabine Frühstück (1 de enero de 1998). La cultura de Japón vista a través de su ocio . SUNY Press. pág. 104. ISBN  978-0-7914-3791-9Consultado el 22 de junio de 2021 .
  3. ↑ Kangmin Zeng (4 de enero de 1999). La puerta del dragón . Bloomsbury Academic. pág. 224. ISBN  978-0-304-70015-8Consultado el 22 de junio de 2021 .
  4. ↑ Kristoff, Nicholas D. (22 de enero de 1997). "Una generación japonesa atormentada por su pasado" . New York Times .
  5. ↑ Horst Albach (1994). Cultura e innovación técnica: un análisis transcultural y recomendaciones políticas . W. de Gruyter. pág. 388. ISBN  978-3-11-013947-1Consultado el 22 de junio de 2021 .
  6. 1 2 Anne Allison (28 de mayo de 1994). Trabajo nocturno: sexualidad, placer y masculinidad corporativa en un club de anfitrionas de Tokio . University of Chicago Press. págs. 119, 120. ISBN  978-0-226-01487-6Consultado el 22 de junio de 2021 .
  7. ↑ Davies, Roger J.; Ikeno, Osamu (15 de marzo de 2002). La mente japonesa: comprender la cultura japonesa contemporánea . Tuttle Publishing. pág. 84. ISBN  978-0-8048-3295-3Consultado el 22 de junio de 2021 .
  8. ↑"U.S. donations not rushing to Japan". 11Alive News (US). March 17, 2011. Retrieved January 12, 2020. Devin Stewart, a senior director at the Japan Society in New York City, said, "Suffering and persevering is a type of virtue in Japan... the ability to persevere and remain calm under difficult situations. Among the most commonly heard expressions there, are gaman, to persevere or tough it out; gambaru, to do your best, to be strong; and shoganai, it cannot be helped, which expresses a sense of fatalism....{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
  9. ↑
  10. ↑Haghirian, Parissa (2011-02-15). "Mastering The Basics". American Chamber of Commerce in Japan Journal. Archived from the original on 2011-07-09. Where ganbaru is an active process and requires people to do something to achieve their goals, gaman is passive and focuses more on enduring and not complaining.

Further reading

  • Matsuoka, R.; Smith, I.; Uchimura, M. (2011). "Discourse analysis of encouragement in healthcare manga". Journal of Pan-Pacific Association of Applied Linguistics. 15 (1): 49–66.