Hannaouiyah

Hannaouiyah, Hannawiyah, (Levantine Arabic: حنوية, romanized: Ḥannawiyeh) is a municipality in the Tyre District in Southern Lebanon, located north-west of Qana.

According to E. H. Palmer, Henawei means "the little bend".^[1]

In the early 1860s, Ernest Renan noted: " From Kabr Hiram or Henawei to Kana, monuments cut in the rock are met with at every step; they may be counted by hundreds. The Kana road is in this respect the most remarkable I have ever seen. I would point especially to certain caves having round holes cut above them mixed with rockcut tombs. Stone erections in the form of a gallows (presses) abound. Chambers cut in the rock are seen on all sides. There are also buildings, remains of walls. The rocky hill near Kana, especially, is covered with these works, round holes, large and small, in the rock, basins, trenches, etc."

"Turning to the right, in the valley called here Wady Kana, in order to examine the north face of this rocky hill, we find ourselves in the presence of certain strange sculptures cut in the rock. They are completely rude, such as might be executed by a man without any knowledge of drawing or the least education in this direction. They may be divided into three series. The first forms a sort of long procession; the second, placed below, is composed of upright figures. M. de Prunieres, who was with us, saw a third series hidden among the bushes. Impossible to attribute to the simple sport of idle shepherds images which must have required continuous labour, and in which one remarks so much intention; it is also difficult to recognise in them the production of serious art. Similar things are found at Deir Kanun."^[2]

In 1875, Victor Guérin found the village to be inhabited by Metualis.^[3] He further noted: "On the slopes of the hill on which this village is situated I observed two great ancient presses cut in the rock, each composed of two compartments communicating together, the one to press the grapes and the other to receive the juice. The village is scattered over with cut stones, taken probably from an ancient church consecrated to St. John the Baptist, for a wely there is sacred to Yahia ben Zakaria."^[4]

Frente a Hannaouiyah se encuentra una aldea en ruinas llamada Khurbet el Ras , de la cual no queda nada más que cisternas rotas . Allí se encontró una piedra cuadrada con ciertos caracteres grabados. ^{[ 5 ]}

En 1881, el Estudio de Palestina Occidental (SWP) de la PEF lo describió así: «Una aldea construida de piedra, en la cima de una colina, rodeada de higueras, olivos y granados, y algo de tierra cultivable. Contiene 300 Metawileh , y el suministro de agua proviene de cisternas». ^{[ 6 ]}

En 1889, Gottlieb Schumacher lo describió como el "pueblo bien construido y populoso de Henaweh ". ^{[ 7 ]}

En 2014, los musulmanes representaban el 99,49% de los votantes registrados en Hannaouiyah. El 99,08% de los votantes eran musulmanes chiítas . ^{[ 8 ]}

Justo al noroeste de Hannaouiyah se encuentra Kabr Hiram ("Tumba de Hiram"), supuestamente la tumba de Hiram I , pero que probablemente data del período persa , entre 4 y 6 siglos después de la supuesta época de Hiram. ^{[ 9 ]} A su alrededor hay muchas ruinas, y aquí Renan excavó una iglesia bizantina dedicada a San Cristóbal , que data de alrededor del año 580 d. C. A petición del emperador Napoleón III , Renan trasladó el mosaico bizantino del suelo al Louvre , donde aún permanece. ^{[ 10 ] [ 11 ]}

• 
  Tumba de Hiram, de van de Velde , 1857
• 
  Tumba de Hiram y sus alrededores, por Renan, 1864.
• 
  Tumba de Hiram, 2014
• 
  Mosaico de Kabr Hiram, de Renan, 1864
• 
  El mosaico de Kabr Hiram en el Louvre , 2014
• 
  Parte del mosaico de Kabr Hiram en el Louvre , 2014.

• Hanaouay , Localiban
• Levantamiento topográfico de Palestina occidental, Mapa 1: IAA , Wikimedia Commons