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Campeonatos nacionales de fútbol americano universitario en la División I FBS de la NCAA

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Un campeonato nacional en el nivel más alto del fútbol americano universitario en los Estados Unidos, actualmente la División I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) de la NCAA, es una distinción otorgada anualmente por varias organizaciones a su selección del mejor equipo de fútbol americano universitario. El fútbol americano de la División I FBS es el único deporte de la Asociación Nacional Atlética Colegial (NCAA) para el cual la NCAA no organiza un evento de campeonato anual. Por lo tanto, a veces se le denomina un " campeonato nacional mítico ". [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ] [ 6 ]

Debido a la falta de un título oficial de la NCAA, determinar el mejor equipo de fútbol americano universitario del país a menudo ha generado controversia. [ 7 ] Un equipo campeón es declarado de forma independiente por múltiples individuos y organizaciones, a menudo denominados "selectores". [ 8 ] Estas elecciones no siempre son unánimes. [ 7 ] En 1969, incluso el presidente de los Estados Unidos, Richard Nixon , hizo una selección al anunciar, antes del "partido del siglo" que ponía fin a la temporada entre el número 1 Texas y el número 2 ( AP ) Arkansas , que el ganador recibiría una placa presidencial que lo conmemoraba como campeón nacional a pesar de que Texas y Arkansas aún tenían que jugar un partido de tazón después. [ 9 ] Texas terminó ganando, 15-14. [ 9 ]

Aunque la NCAA nunca ha respaldado oficialmente a un equipo campeón, ha documentado las elecciones de algunos selectores en su publicación oficial NCAA Football Bowl Subdivision Records . [ 8 ] [ 10 ] Además, varios analistas han publicado de forma independiente sus propias elecciones para cada temporada. Estas opiniones a menudo pueden divergir de otras, así como de las pretensiones de títulos nacionales de las universidades individuales, que pueden o no correlacionarse con las selecciones publicadas en otros lugares. Históricamente, los dos selectores de campeonatos nacionales más reconocidos son Associated Press (AP), que realiza una encuesta a periodistas deportivos , y Coaches Poll , una encuesta a miembros activos de la American Football Coaches Association (AFCA). [ 11 ] [ 12 ] [ 6 ]

Desde 1992, varios consorcios de los principales partidos de tazón han intentado invitar a los dos mejores equipos al final de la temporada regular (según clasificaciones internas o agregaciones de las principales encuestas y otras estadísticas) a competir en lo que se considera el partido del campeonato nacional de facto . La versión actual de esta práctica, el College Football Playoff , selecciona doce equipos para participar en una primera ronda nacional o cuartos de final, y los cuatro equipos finalistas avanzan a las semifinales. Los partidos de cuartos de final y semifinales son organizados por los seis partidos de tazón asociados , y los dos equipos finalistas avanzan al Campeonato Nacional del College Football Playoff .

Historia

El periódico The Sun fue uno de los primeros en publicar la clasificación de fin de año del fútbol americano universitario.

El concepto de campeonato nacional en el fútbol americano universitario se remonta a los primeros años de este deporte a finales del siglo XIX. [ 13 ] Algunas de las primeras clasificaciones contemporáneas se pueden rastrear hasta Caspar Whitney en Harper's Weekly , J. Parmly Paret en Outing , [ 14 ] Charles Patterson, [ 15 ] y el periódico neoyorquino The Sun. [ 16 ]

Sin embargo, el fútbol americano no es un deporte donde sea posible o deseable un gran campeonato nacional. La propia naturaleza del deporte impediría una serie de competiciones como las que se juegan en el béisbol.

— Walter Camp , 1919 [ 17 ]

Los campeonatos interuniversitarios reclamados se limitaban a diversas selecciones y clasificaciones, ya que la naturaleza del deporte de contacto completo, en desarrollo y cada vez más violento, hacía imposible programar un torneo de postemporada para determinar un campeón "oficial" o indiscutible. [ 17 ] En esta época, se entendía que los campeonatos nacionales eran "míticos" . [ 14 ]

Más allá de las clasificaciones en las columnas de los periódicos, comenzaron a entregarse premios y trofeos a los equipos. En 1917, los miembros del equipo de Georgia Tech, que terminó con un récord de 9-0 , recibieron balones de fútbol americano dorados con la inscripción "Campeones Nacionales" de manos de exalumnos en su banquete de fin de temporada. [ 18 ] Los Atletas Veteranos de Filadelfia erigieron el Trofeo Bonniwell para el campeonato nacional en 1919 [ 19 ] con la condición de que solo se otorgara "en aquellos años en que un equipo tuviera una posición tan preeminente que hiciera indiscutible su elección como campeón de Estados Unidos". Notre Dame fue el primero en recibir el trofeo, en 1924. [ 20 ]

Trofeo Jack F. Rissman, otorgado al equipo clasificado en primer lugar en el Sistema Dickinson.

El profesor Frank G. Dickinson de Illinois desarrolló el primer sistema de clasificación matemática que se popularizó ampliamente. El fabricante de ropa de Chicago, Jack F. Rissman, donó un trofeo para el campeonato nacional del sistema a partir de 1926, otorgado por primera vez a Stanford antes de su empate con Alabama en el Rose Bowl . Un curioso Knute Rockne , entonces entrenador de Notre Dame , convenció a Dickinson y Rissman de que retrocedieran la fecha del Trofeo Rissman dos temporadas; así , Notre Dame está grabado en el trofeo para 1924 y Dartmouth para 1925. [ 21 ] El Trofeo Rissman fue retirado por las tres victorias de Notre Dame en 1924, 1929 y 1930; el Trofeo Conmemorativo Knute Rockne se puso en competencia para 1931 tras la muerte prematura del legendario entrenador. La popularidad del sistema Dickinson dio inicio a una sucesión de clasificaciones matemáticas publicadas en periódicos y revistas como el sistema Houlgate , las clasificaciones Azzi Ratem , el índice de poder Dunkel , el sistema Williamson y las clasificaciones Litkenhous . [ 14 ]

Notre Dame recibe el Trofeo Albert Russel Erskine tras la temporada de 1929 .

Dos trofeos de campeonato nacional de corta duración fueron contemporáneos de los premios del Sistema Dickinson. El Trofeo Albert Russel Erskine fue ganado dos veces por Notre Dame en 1929 y 1930 , según la votación de 250 periodistas deportivos de todo el país. [ 22 ] [ 23 ] El gran trofeo Erskine de plata fue entregado por última vez a USC en el campo de Pasadena después de su victoria en el "juego del campeonato nacional" sobre Tulane en el Rose Bowl de 1932. [ 24 ] La Copa Toledo [ 25 ] estaba destinada a ser un trofeo itinerante de larga duración, pero fue retirada permanentemente rápidamente por el tricampeonato de Minnesota en 1934 , 1935 y 1936. [ 26 ] [ 27 ]

El historiador más destacado del fútbol americano universitario, Parke H. Davis, compiló una lista de "Equipos Campeones Nacionales de Fútbol Americano" [ 28 ] para la edición de 1934 de la Guía Oficial de Fútbol Americano de Spalding . [ 14 ] Davis seleccionó campeones nacionales para cada año desde la temporada inaugural del fútbol americano universitario en 1869 , para la cual seleccionó a los únicos competidores, Princeton y Rutgers, como co-campeones. [ 14 ] Un análisis retrospectivo similar fue realizado en la década de 1940 por Bill Schroeder de la Fundación Atlética Helms y en The Football Thesaurus de Deke Houlgate en 1954. [ 29 ] [ 14 ]

La Associated Press (AP) comenzó a encuestar a periodistas deportivos en 1936 para obtener clasificaciones. Alan J. Gould , creador de la encuesta de la AP, nombró a Minnesota , Princeton y SMU campeones conjuntos en 1935, y encuestó a los periodistas al año siguiente, lo que resultó en un campeonato nacional para Minnesota . [ 21 ] La principal competencia de la AP, United Press (UP), creó la primera encuesta de entrenadores en 1950. Para ese año y los tres siguientes, la AP y la UP coincidieron en el campeón nacional. El primer campeonato nacional "dividido" entre las principales encuestas ocurrió en 1954, cuando los periodistas seleccionaron a Ohio State y los entrenadores eligieron a UCLA . [ 30 ] Las dos encuestas han discrepado 11 veces desde 1950. [ 30 ]

Ambos servicios de noticias originalmente realizaban sus encuestas finales al final de la temporada regular y antes de que se jugaran los partidos de tazón. [ 14 ] Esto cambió cuando el campeón de la encuesta de AP fue coronado después de los tazones en 1965 y luego en 1968 en adelante. La encuesta de entrenadores comenzó a otorgar campeonatos posteriores a los tazones en 1974. Los campeones nacionales coronados por encuestas previas a los tazones que posteriormente perdieron su partido de tazón [ 31 ] ofrecieron una oportunidad para que otros equipos reclamaran el título en base a diferentes premios y clasificaciones de los selectores, [ 14 ] como el premio FWAA Grantland Rice posterior al tazón [ 32 ] o el título de la Fundación Atlética Helms . [ 33 ]

Las encuestas posteriores a los tazones permitieron la posibilidad de un "juego de campeonato nacional" para finalmente resolver la cuestión en el campo de juego . [ 34 ] Pero una serie de desafíos dificultaron incluso programar a los dos mejores equipos de la temporada para jugar en un solo juego de tazón de postemporada , [ 35 ] por no hablar de todos los equipos que lo merecían. [ 36 ] El entrenador en jefe Joe Paterno de Penn State pidió con frecuencia un playoff de fútbol americano universitario , cuyos equipos independientes terminaron las temporadas de 1968 , 1969 y 1973 invictos, sin empates y con victorias en el Orange Bowl , pero se quedaron sin un solo título nacional importante. [ 37 ] [ 38 ]

La década de 1980 estuvo marcada por una sucesión de satisfactorios partidos de campeonato nacional en el Orange Bowl y el Fiesta Bowl , [ 35 ] pero la década de 1990 comenzó con títulos nacionales consecutivos divididos en la encuesta AP y la encuesta de entrenadores en 1990 y 1991. La Bowl Coalition [ 39 ] y luego la Bowl Alliance [ 40 ] se formaron para establecer de manera más confiable un enfrentamiento entre el número 1 y el número 2 en un juego de tazón el día de Año Nuevo, pero sus esfuerzos se vieron obstaculizados por el histórico sorteo del Rose Bowl y el enfrentamiento contractual entre los campeones de las conferencias Big Ten y Pac-10 . [ 40 ]

La Bowl Championship Series de 1998 logró finalmente incorporar a la Big Ten y la Pac-10 junto con las demás conferencias para un juego combinado del Campeonato Nacional BCS que se rotaba entre los tazones Fiesta , Sugar , Orange y Rose . [ 21 ] Las clasificaciones BCS originalmente incorporaban las dos encuestas principales, así como varias clasificaciones por computadora para determinar el enfrentamiento de fin de temporada entre el número 1 y el número 2. [ 41 ] Aunque la era BCS produjo regularmente enfrentamientos atractivos, la selección de los dos mejores equipos resultó en muchas controversias BCS , la más notable el campeonato nacional dividido de 2003 causado por las clasificaciones BCS que dejaron a USC , número 1 en ambas encuestas humanas, fuera del Sugar Bowl . [ 42 ] Los vencedores de BCS recibían anualmente el Trofeo de los Entrenadores, un "balón de cristal", en el campo inmediatamente después del juego del campeonato.

En 2014, el College Football Playoff hizo su debut, facilitando un torneo de eliminación directa de varios partidos por primera vez en la historia del fútbol americano universitario. Hasta 2024, cuatro equipos fueron preclasificados por un comité de selección de 13 miembros en lugar de por encuestas existentes o clasificaciones matemáticas. [ 43 ] Los dos partidos de semifinales se rotaron entre los partidos de tazón New Year's Six , y la final se jugó una semana después. A partir de 2024, el campo de playoffs se amplió a 12 equipos. La competencia otorga su propio trofeo de campeonato nacional . [ 44 ]

Libro de récords de la NCAA

Aunque la Asociación Nacional Atlética Colegial (NCAA) nunca ha otorgado campeonatos nacionales de fútbol americano universitario al más alto nivel, sí mantiene un libro de récords oficial para este deporte. El libro de récords, con la consulta de varios historiadores del fútbol americano universitario, [ 45 ] contiene una lista de los "principales selectores" [ 8 ] de campeonatos nacionales a lo largo de la historia del fútbol americano universitario, junto con sus selecciones de campeonatos. [ 10 ]

Selectores principales

Si bien muchas personas y organizaciones han nombrado campeones nacionales a lo largo de los años, los selectores que se mencionan a continuación figuran en el libro oficial de récords de la Subdivisión de Bowl de la NCAA como "selectores principales" de campeonatos nacionales. El criterio para la designación de la NCAA es que la encuesta o el selector tenga "alcance nacional, ya sea a través de su distribución en periódicos, televisión, radio o internet". [ 8 ] Los exselectores, considerados fundamentales para el deporte del fútbol americano universitario, y los selectores que se incluyeron para el cálculo de la clasificación BCS, se enumeran juntos. [ 8 ]

El libro de récords de la NCAA divide sus principales sistemas de selección en tres categorías: los determinados por fórmulas matemáticas, las encuestas y la investigación histórica. El BCS se clasifica además como un sistema híbrido entre matemáticas y encuestas, y el CFP como un sistema de eliminatorias.

Matemáticas

Muchos de los sistemas de selección de matemáticas se crearon durante las décadas de 1920 y 1930, comenzando con el sistema de Frank Dickinson , o durante los albores de la era de las computadoras personales en la década de 1990. Los sistemas de selección se enumeran a continuación, con los años seleccionados retroactivamente en cursiva .

Trofeo del Campeonato de Clasificación Litkenhous , 1934–1962 [ 46 ]
Notas
  1. ↑ El libro de récords de la NCAA Football Bowl Subdivision muestra a Anderson & Hester listado como "Seattle Times".
  2. ↑ Los libros de récords de la NCAA han incluido cuatro conjuntos distintos de campeones nacionales del Informe Billingsley desde que el sistema se incluyó como un "selector principal" en 1995. Billingsley realizó varios cambios en la fórmula de su sistema a lo largo de los años, el más notable fue la eliminación del "Margen de Victoria" como componente de la clasificación BCS antes de la temporada 2001. Los detalles de los cambios se pueden encontrar en el artículo dedicado al sistema ; los cuatro conjuntos de campeones se incluyen en la tabla a continuación.
  3. ↑ Wolfe no proporcionó clasificaciones para la temporada 2020, afirmando que no se jugaron "suficientes partidos para permitir un análisis significativo" debido a la pandemia de COVID-19 . [ 55 ]

Encuesta

La encuesta ha sido el método dominante para seleccionar al campeón nacional desde la creación de la encuesta de AP en 1936. La National Football Foundation fusionó su encuesta con la de UPI de 1991 a 1992, con la de USA Today de 1993 a 1996 y con la de la FWAA desde 2014.

Durante muchos años, los campeones nacionales de diversas encuestas se seleccionaban antes de que se jugaran los partidos de tazón anuales, por AP (1936-1964 y 1966-1967), Coaches Poll (1950-1973), FWAA (1954) y NFF (1959-1970). En todas las demás encuestas más recientes, los campeones se seleccionaban después de los partidos de tazón. [ 56 ] : 112-119

Durante la era del BCS, el ganador del partido del Campeonato BCS recibía automáticamente el campeonato nacional de la Encuesta de Entrenadores y de la Fundación Nacional de Fútbol Americano.

Los seleccionadores se enumeran a continuación con los años seleccionados retroactivamente en cursiva . Las selecciones de la encuesta que constituyen un "Campeonato Nacional por Consenso" [ 57 ] en 1950 o después, según lo designado por la NCAA, se enumeran en negrita . [ 57 ]

Notas
  1. ↑ A petición de varias escuelas, la AFCA estableció una "Comisión de la Cinta Azul" en 2016 para comenzar a seleccionar retroactivamente a los campeones nacionales de la AFCA y a los ganadores del Trofeo de Entrenadores de 1922 a 1949. [ 59 ] El trofeo se otorga previa solicitud de cada escuela. [ 60 ] Se han otorgado selecciones de campeonato y trofeos a SMU para 1935, TCU para 1935 y 1938, Texas A&M para 1939, Oklahoma State para 1945 y Army para 1946. [ 61 ]
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 United Press publicó por primera vez su encuesta de entrenadores en 1950. International News Service publicó una encuesta separada entre 1952 y 1957. En 1958, las dos agencias de noticias se fusionaron, y la Encuesta de Entrenadores fue publicada por United Press International desde 1958 hasta 1990 hasta que fue adquirida por USA Today en 1991. UPI luego publicó la encuesta de la National Football Foundation desde 1991 hasta 1992 hasta que también fue adquirida por USA Today. Finalmente, UPI publicó una encuesta desde 1993 hasta 1995 que no estaba afiliada ni a la Encuesta de Entrenadores ni a la NFF.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 USA Today publicó su propia encuesta Top 25 de fútbol americano universitario cuando la revista nacional se lanzó en 1982. En 1983, la encuesta se asoció con CNN como socio de votación y transmisión. En 1991, USA Today/CNN se hizo cargo de la Encuesta de Entrenadores de UPI. Entre 1993 y 1996, USA Today también publicó la encuesta de la National Football Foundation . USA Today ha publicado la Encuesta de Entrenadores desde 1991, con CNN como socios de 1991 a 1996 y ESPN de 1997 a 2004.
  4. 1 2 Desde el comienzo de la era de los Playoffs de Fútbol Americano Universitario en 2014, la Asociación de Escritores de Fútbol Americano de América y la Fundación Nacional de Fútbol Americano se han asociado para realizar laencuesta semanal FWAA-NFF Super 16. [ 62 ] La encuesta final FWAA-NFF se realiza al final de la temporada regular con la intención de influir en las selecciones de equipos de playoffs del Comité de Selección de CFP. [ 62 ] No se realiza ninguna encuesta después de los juegos de tazón o el juego del Campeonato Nacional de CFP y la encuesta FWAA-NFF no otorga ni nombra a un campeón nacional. El Premio Grantland Rice de la FWAA se retiró después de la temporada 2013 y el final de la era BCS . [ 62 ] El MacArthur Bowl de la NFFahora se otorga después de la temporada al campeón nacional de CFP.
  5. ↑ La encuesta interactiva de fútbol americano universitario de Harris fue contratada por la BCS para ayudar a formular su clasificación. No realizó una encuesta final después del partido del Campeonato Nacional de la BCS ni otorgó o nombró a un campeón nacional por su cuenta, por lo que no está incluida en la tabla de selecciones del campeonato nacional. [ 8 ]
  6. ↑ De 1998 a 2013, el MacArthur Bowl se entregaba al campeón nacional de la Bowl Championship Series . [ 64 ] Desde 2014, se entrega alcampeón nacional de los College Football Playoff . [ 64 ]

Investigación

El historiador del fútbol americano universitario Parke H. Davis es el único selector considerado por la NCAA que utilizó principalmente la investigación en sus selecciones. [ 56 ] : 117 Davis publicó su trabajo en la edición de 1934 de Spalding's Foot Ball Guide , [ 28 ] nombrando campeones nacionales retroactivos para los años 1869 a 1932 mientras nombraba a Michigan y Princeton (su alma mater ) co-campeones contemporáneos para la temporada de 1933. En total, seleccionó 94 equipos a lo largo de 61 temporadas como "Equipos Campeones Nacionales de Fútbol Americano". [ 28 ] Para 21 de estos equipos (en 12 universidades), fue el único selector importante en elegirlos. Sus universidades utilizan 17 de las selecciones únicas de Davis para reclamar títulos nacionales. Su trabajo ha sido criticado por tener un fuerte sesgo hacia el Este, con poca consideración por el Sur y la Costa Oeste. [ 67 ]

Híbrido

La Bowl Championship Series utilizó un sistema matemático que combinaba encuestas (de entrenadores y de AP/Harris) y múltiples clasificaciones informáticas (incluidas algunas de las de los selectores individuales mencionadas anteriormente) para determinar el enfrentamiento final de la temporada entre sus dos mejores equipos en el BCS Championship Game. El campeón de ese partido recibía, por contrato, los campeonatos de la encuesta de entrenadores y de la National Football Foundation.

Eliminatoria

A diferencia de todos los selectores anteriores a 2014, el College Football Playoff no utiliza matemáticas, encuestas ni investigación para seleccionar a los participantes. En cambio, un comité de 13 miembros selecciona y asigna las posiciones a los equipos. [ 68 ] El sistema de playoffs marcó la primera vez que un selector de campeonato organizó una competencia de eliminación directa para determinar a quién declararía como su campeón.

Selecciones anuales de los principales seleccionadores para el campeonato nacional.

A continuación se muestra una lista de los campeones nacionales de fútbol americano universitario desde 1869 elegidos por los "selectores principales" designados por la NCAA , que figuran en la publicación oficial Football Bowl Subdivision Records . [ 8 ]

Muchos equipos no tenían entrenadores hasta 1899. La primera encuesta contemporánea que incluyó equipos de todo el país y la selección de campeones nacionales se remonta a Caspar Whitney en 1901. [ 15 ] El empate se eliminó del fútbol americano universitario en 1995 y el último campeón consensuado con un empate en su historial fue Georgia Tech en 1990.

Según lo establecido en la publicación oficial de récords de la NCAA Football Bowl Subdivision :

Una letra junto a cualquier temporada, equipo, récord, entrenador o seleccionador indica una nota al pie que aparece en la parte inferior de la tabla.

a La selección de Parke H. Davis para 1901, según se publicó en la edición de 1934 de Spalding's Foot Ball Guide , fue Harvard. [ 28 ] El libro de récords de la NCAA indica "Yale" para 1901, lo cual es un error que se ha perpetuado desde la primera aparición de las selecciones de Parke H. Davis en el libro de récords de la NCAA de 1994. [ 130 ] b La FWAA despojó a USC de su Trofeo Grantland Rice de 2004 y anuló la selección de su campeón nacional para 2004. El BCS también anuló la participación de USC en el Orange Bowl de 2005 y el Campeonato Nacional BCS de USC de 2004, y se devolvió el Trofeo de Entrenadores de la Encuesta de Entrenadores de la AFCA. [ 176 ] [ 177 ] c El récord no cuenta las victorias contra UCLA, ni contra Oklahoma en el juego del Campeonato BCS del 4 de enero de 2005, ya que fueron anuladas por la NCAA. [ 178 ] d El libro de récords de la NCAA Football Bowl Subdivision enumera a Dunkel como quien seleccionó a LSU, [ 10 ] mientras que el sitio web oficial de Dunkel dio a USC como su selección de 2007. [ 150 ] e El libro de récords de la NCAA Football Bowl Subdivision enumera a CCR como quien seleccionó a LSU, [ 10 ] mientras que el sitio web oficial de CCR da a USC como su selección de 2003. [ 142 ] f El libro de récords de la NCAA Football Bowl Subdivision enumera a DeVold (DeS) como quien seleccionó a Florida, [ 10 ] mientras que el sitio web oficial de DeVold da a Ohio State como su selección de 2006. [ 146 ] g El libro de récords de la NCAA Football Bowl Subdivision enumera a R(FACT) como habiendo seleccionado a Florida, [ 10 ] mientras que el sitio web oficial de R(FACT) da a los co-campeones Ohio State y Florida como su selección de 2006. [ 147 ] h El libro de récords de la NCAA Football Bowl Subdivision enumera a Wolfe como habiendo seleccionado a Florida, [ 10 ] mientras que el sitio web oficial de Wolfe da a Utah como su selección de 2008. [ 152 ] i El libro de récords de la NCAA Football Bowl Subdivision enumera a CCR como habiendo seleccionado a Alabama, [ 10 ] mientras que el sitio web oficial de CCR da a LSU como su selección de 2011. [ 157 ] j El libro de récords de la NCAA Football Bowl Subdivision enumera a Anderson & Hester (A&H) como habiendo seleccionado a LSU, [ 10 ]mientras que el sitio web oficial de A&H da a Missouri como su selección de 2007. [ 149 ] k El libro de récords de la NCAA Football Bowl Subdivision enumera a Anderson & Hester (A&H) como habiendo seleccionado a Alabama, [ 10 ] mientras que el sitio web oficial de A&H da a LSU como su selección de 2011. [ 156 ] l El libro de récords de la NCAA Football Bowl Subdivision enumera al sistema Williamson como habiendo seleccionado a TCU y LSU como co-campeones para 1935. Sin embargo, las clasificaciones finales posteriores al tazón del sistema publicadas en enero de 1936 muestran a TCU primero, SMU segundo y LSU tercero. [ 75 ] La columna adjunta escrita por Paul B. Williamson afirma: "No hubo un campeón nacional indiscutible en 1935". [ 75 ] m El libro de registros de la NCAA Football Bowl Subdivision indica que el Sistema Williamson seleccionó a LSU en 1936. Sin embargo, las clasificaciones finales posteriores al tazón del sistema muestran a Minnesota primero y a LSU cuarto. [ 77 ] n El libro de registros de la NCAA Football Bowl Subdivision indica que el Sistema Williamson seleccionó a Pittsburgh en 1937. Sin embargo, las clasificaciones finales posteriores al tazón del sistema muestran a California primero y a Pittsburgh segundo. [ 78 ] o El libro de registros de la NCAA Football Bowl Subdivision indica que el Sistema Williamson seleccionó a TCU solo en 1938. Sin embargo, las clasificaciones finales posteriores al tazón del sistema muestran un empate entre TCU y Tennessee. [ 80 ] p El libro de registros de la NCAA Football Bowl Subdivision indica que el Sistema Williamson seleccionó a Tennessee en 1940. Sin embargo, las clasificaciones finales posteriores al tazón del sistema muestran a Stanford primero y a Tennessee sexto. [ 82 ] q El libro de récords de la NCAA Football Bowl Subdivision enumera el Informe Billingsley como habiendo seleccionado al Ejército en 1944 y a Ohio State y al Ejército en 1945. Según el sitio web oficial de Billingsley, estos años de selección están invertidos. [ 83 ] r La derrota de Kansas sobre Missouri en 1960 fue anulada por la Conferencia Big Eight el 8 de diciembre (jugador inelegible). La anulación borró la única derrota en el récord de Missouri. [ 179 ]

Selecciones totales de campeonatos de los principales seleccionadores por escuela

El recuento de títulos nacionales que se muestra a continuación es la culminación de todos los campeonatos otorgados desde 1869, independientemente de su estatus de "consenso" [ 57 ] o no consenso, como se indica en la tabla anterior según los selectores considerados "principales" [ 8 ] según los registros oficiales de la NCAA Football Bowl Subdivision Records . [ 10 ]

Se puede decir que los totales son controvertidos. Algunas escuelas pueden reclamar campeonatos nacionales que no aparecen en los registros de la NCAA Football Bowl Subdivision , o bien no reclamar selecciones para campeonatos nacionales que sí figuran en los registros oficiales de la NCAA Football Bowl Subdivision (véase a continuación " Reclamaciones de campeonatos nacionales por escuela ").

Principales encuestas

Mapa de los campeones de fútbol americano universitario de EE. UU., 1936–2019

En la segunda mitad del siglo XX, los seleccionadores de los campeonatos nacionales pasaron a estar dominados por dos agencias de noticias rivales: Associated Press (AP) y United Press International (UPI). [ 12 ]

Estas agencias de noticias comenzaron a clasificar a los equipos de fútbol americano universitario en encuestas semanales, que luego se publicaban rápidamente en las secciones deportivas de los periódicos suscriptores de cada agencia en todo el país. El equipo que ocupaba el primer lugar en la encuesta final de la temporada de cada agencia recibía el campeonato nacional de dicha agencia.

A menudo se dice que los campeonatos nacionales son de "consenso" cuando las dos encuestas principales coinciden en sus selecciones. [ 180 ]

Encuesta de AP

La encuesta de fútbol americano universitario de Associated Press (AP) tiene una larga historia. Los medios de comunicación comenzaron a realizar sus propias encuestas entre periodistas deportivos para determinar cuál era, según la opinión popular, el mejor equipo de fútbol americano del país al final de la temporada. Una de las primeras encuestas de este tipo fue la AP College Football Poll, realizada por primera vez en 1934 (compilada y organizada por Charles Woodroof, ex subdirector de relaciones con los medios de la SEC , pero no reconocida en los registros oficiales de la NCAA Football Bowl Subdivision ) y luego de forma continua desde 1936. Siendo la primera gran encuesta nacional para clasificar equipos de fútbol americano universitario, la de Associated Press es probablemente la más conocida y de mayor difusión de todas las encuestas de la historia. [ 181 ] Debido a los vínculos históricos de larga data entre las conferencias individuales de fútbol americano universitario y los tazones de alto pago como el Rose Bowl y el Orange Bowl , la NCAA nunca ha celebrado un torneo o partido de campeonato para determinar al campeón de lo que ahora es la división más alta, la División I de la NCAA , Football Bowl Subdivision (la División I, Football Championship Subdivision y las divisiones inferiores sí celebran torneos de campeonato). Como resultado, el público y los medios comenzaron a tomar al más votado en la encuesta final de AP como el campeón nacional de esa temporada.

Trofeo del Campeonato Nacional AP, c. 1997

En los primeros años de la encuesta de AP, la encuesta final de cronistas deportivos se realizaba antes de cualquier partido de tazón y, a veces, incluso antes de los últimos partidos de la temporada regular de los mejores equipos. [ 182 ] [ 183 ] En 1938 , la encuesta se extendió por una semana [ 182 ] después de que Notre Dame , número 1 en la encuesta "final" programada, [ 184 ] perdiera posteriormente ante su rival USC . [ 182 ]

Tras la temporada de 1947, la AP realizó una encuesta especial posterior al partido de tazón [ 185 ] con solo dos equipos en la boleta, Notre Dame y Michigan , pero declaró que el resultado no reemplazaría el de la encuesta final realizada después del final de la temporada regular. [ 185 ] [ 186 ] Los rivales , ambos invictos y sin empates, habían sido clasificados como el número 1 y el número 2 respectivamente en la encuesta final. Los votantes de enero quedaron impresionados por la victoria de Michigan por 49-0 sobre su oponente común, USC, en el Rose Bowl y elevaron a los Wolverines por encima de los Irish en la encuesta especial posterior al partido de tazón. [ 186 ]

El campeón de la AP perdería su partido de tazón cinco veces, después de las temporadas de 1950 , 1951 , 1953 , 1960 y 1964. [ 31 ]

En 1965, la AP decidió retrasar la encuesta final de la temporada hasta después del Día de Año Nuevo , citando la proliferación de juegos de tazón y la participación de ocho de los diez mejores equipos de la encuesta actual en el juego de postemporada. [ 187 ] [ 188 ] En la siguiente temporada, 1966 , ninguno de los dos mejores equipos ( Notre Dame y Michigan State ) asistiría a juegos de tazón, por lo que no se tomó ninguna encuesta posterior al tazón, [ 189 ] incluso después de que el dos veces campeón nacional defensor de la AP, el No. 3 Alabama , ganara el Sugar Bowl y terminara la temporada invicto y sin empates. En 1967, la encuesta final que coronó al campeón nacional USC se tomó antes de que el No. 2 Tennessee o el No. 3 Oklahoma hubieran jugado sus últimos juegos de la temporada regular, [ 183 ] y mucho antes de que esos dos equipos se enfrentaran en el Orange Bowl .

En 1968, la encuesta final se retrasó nuevamente hasta después de los juegos de tazón para que el número 1 Ohio State pudiera enfrentarse al número 2 USC en un "partido soñado" en el Rose Bowl . [ 34 ] La encuesta final de AP de cada temporada subsiguiente se publicaría después de los juegos de tazón. UPI no siguió el ejemplo hasta la temporada de 1974 ; [ 190 ] en los años superpuestos, el campeón de la encuesta de entrenadores perdió su juego de tazón en 1965 , 1970 y 1973. La decisión anterior de AP de coronar a un campeón después del tazón dio sus frutos, ya que en los tres años el equipo perdedor también había sido el equipo número 1 en la penúltima clasificación de AP previa al tazón.

La encuesta de AP se utilizó como componente de la fórmula de clasificación computarizada de la Bowl Championship Series (BCS) a partir de 1998, pero sin ningún acuerdo formal vigente como el contrato establecido entre la BCS y la encuesta de entrenadores. [ 42 ] Para la temporada 2003, la encuesta de AP causó una controversia dividida sobre el título nacional y la BCS cuando otorgó su campeonato nacional al número 1 USC en lugar del campeón de la BCS LSU . [ 42 ] En diciembre de 2004, la AP optó por no participar en la fórmula de la BCS, solicitando que la BCS "interrumpiera su uso no autorizado de la encuesta de AP como componente de las clasificaciones de la BCS", en respuesta a que tres votantes de AP de Texas elevaran a Texas por encima de California para el Rose Bowl en la última encuesta de AP de la temporada regular. [ 42 ]

En la era del College Football Playoff , Associated Press ha seguido otorgando el Trofeo AP al equipo número 1 en la encuesta final de AP. Las clasificaciones de AP no se incorporan en la siembra del comité de selección del CFP, y los periodistas deportivos de AP que votan no están obligados a otorgar su título al ganador del partido del campeonato nacional del CFP . [ 43 ] En 2015, el editor global de deportes de Associated Press declaró que "no es imposible que un equipo gane el campeonato nacional de AP sin ganar el campeonato nacional del College Football Playoff", aunque ese escenario aún no se ha producido. [ 43 ]

Encuesta de entrenadores

El trofeo del Campeonato Nacional de la AFCA

La agencia de noticias United Press (UP), principal competidora de Associated Press, comenzó a realizar sus propias clasificaciones de fútbol americano universitario durante la temporada de 1950. [ 191 ] El servicio de noticias pasó a ser conocido como United Press International (UPI) tras una fusión con International News Service en 1958.

La clasificación semanal fue un esfuerzo conjunto de encuesta entre la agencia de noticias y la Asociación de Entrenadores de Fútbol Americano (AFCA), con los redactores deportivos de UP/UPI recopilando y tabulando los votos de los entrenadores y publicando los resultados en periódicos de todo el país. [ 192 ]

Las clasificaciones UP/UPI se realizaron originalmente mediante una encuesta a 35 entrenadores de fútbol americano universitario del país. [ 191 ] Los entrenadores fueron elegidos para representar a cada una de las principales conferencias de fútbol americano, con 5 entrenadores de cada una de las 7 regiones, en un aparente esfuerzo por combatir el sesgo percibido de la Costa Este de los periodistas deportivos que componen la encuesta rival AP.

Sus votos proporcionarán la única clasificación de fútbol basada en la opinión de los expertos en el deporte. La naturaleza de la junta, que otorga igual representación a cada región del país, evita el sesgo regional y la manipulación de votos por los que otras encuestas de fútbol han sido criticadas.

— Anuncio de las clasificaciones de fútbol de United Press, septiembre de 1950 [ 191 ]

La encuesta final de entrenadores de cada temporada se publicaba inicialmente después de la temporada regular y no tomaba en cuenta los resultados de los partidos de tazón ; el campeón nacional UP/UPI perdió su partido de tazón 8 veces entre 1950 y 1973. Desde la temporada de 1974, la encuesta ha otorgado su campeonato nacional después de los partidos de tazón de postemporada. [ 193 ] Ese mismo año, la AFCA votó para no clasificar en adelante a ningún equipo que se encuentre actualmente bajo libertad condicional sancionada por la NCAA o la conferencia. [ 193 ] [ 194 ]

Tras el declive de UPI en la década de 1980, la AFCA puso fin a su relación de 42 años con el servicio de noticias en 1991. [ 195 ] [ 192 ] La encuesta de entrenadores continuó, con nuevos socios de patrocinio y distribución, como la encuesta de USA Today / CNN (1991-1996), la encuesta de USA Today/ ESPN (1997-2004) y la encuesta de USA Today (2005-presente).

La Bowl Championship Series incluyó la Encuesta de Entrenadores como un factor importante en su fórmula de clasificación. [ 196 ] A cambio, los miembros votantes de la AFCA estaban obligados contractualmente a otorgar sus selecciones de la Encuesta de Entrenadores al ganador del Juego del Campeonato Nacional de la BCS . Al no contar con un trofeo propio, el campeón de la BCS recibió el Trofeo de Entrenadores en el campo inmediatamente después del partido.

Campeonatos nacionales de la era de las encuestas por escuela (1936-presente)

La siguiente tabla contiene los campeonatos nacionales que han sido reconocidos por la encuesta final de AP o de entrenadores. Originalmente, tanto los campeones de la encuesta de AP como los de entrenadores eran coronados después de la temporada regular, pero desde 1968 y 1974 respectivamente, ambas encuestas coronan a sus campeones después de que se completan los juegos de tazón (con la excepción de la temporada de 1965). El campeón de BCS fue automáticamente otorgado al campeonato de la encuesta de entrenadores. De las más de 120 universidades actuales de Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS, anteriormente División IA), solo 31 han ganado al menos una parte de un título nacional según la encuesta de AP o de entrenadores. De estos 31 equipos, solo 21 equipos han ganado múltiples títulos. De los 21 equipos, solo siete han ganado cinco o más títulos nacionales: Alabama , Notre Dame , Oklahoma , USC , Miami (FL) , Nebraska y Ohio State . Los años que se enumeran en la tabla a continuación indican una selección de campeonato nacional por la encuesta de AP o de entrenadores. Las selecciones se indican con (AP) o (Coaches) cuando la selección de un campeón nacional difiere entre las dos encuestas para esa temporada en particular, lo que ha ocurrido en doce temporadas diferentes (incluida la de 2004, para la cual se anuló la selección de los entrenadores) desde que las encuestas comenzaron a coexistir por primera vez en 1950.

† El Campeonato Nacional BCS de 2004 de la USC fue anulado por la BCS y su Trofeo de Entrenadores de la AFCA fue devuelto. [ 197 ]

Campeonatos nacionales divididos

La encuesta de AP y la encuesta de entrenadores han elegido a diferentes líderes nacionales al final de 11 temporadas diferentes desde sus primeras encuestas simultáneas en 1950. [ 30 ] Esta situación se conoce como un campeonato nacional "dividido" . [ 198 ]

Juegos del campeonato nacional

Columna en The Atlanta Constitution que propone un partido de campeonato nacional de 1917 entre Georgia Tech y Pittsburgh [ 199 ] [ 200 ]

Los aficionados y administradores del fútbol americano universitario han buscado durante mucho tiempo enfrentar a los equipos número 1 y número 2 en un partido de campeonato nacional al final de la temporada para determinar un campeón nacional indiscutible en el campo de juego. [ 39 ] [ 201 ]

Acontecimientos históricos

Durante la mayor parte del siglo XX, una serie de dificultades hicieron que con frecuencia fuera imposible programar un único partido de postemporada entre los dos mejores equipos.

  • Algunas escuelas, sobre todo Notre Dame , se negaron a jugar en partidos de tazón durante muchos años. [ 36 ]
  • Los acuerdos entre conferencias impidieron que ciertos campeones de conferencia se enfrentaran alguna vez en un partido de tazón de postemporada.
  • Las reglas de "no repetición" impidieron que los equipos jugaran en el tazón de su conferencia dos temporadas seguidas. [ 202 ]
  • Las invitaciones para los partidos de tazón por invitación se extendieron a mediados de noviembre, asegurando la participación de equipos con derrotas posteriores al final de la temporada. [ 203 ] [ 204 ]

Gracias a la suerte y a una programación fortuita, un "partido de campeonato nacional" a veces podía resolver el asunto en el campo, como se describe en algunos informes contemporáneos. [ 35 ] A pesar de la publicidad, en varias ocasiones existían escenarios plausibles para que un tercer equipo fuera seleccionado como campeón nacional por los principales seleccionadores, dependiendo de los resultados de otros partidos.

Coalición Bowl (1992–1994)

Después de dos años consecutivos de campeones nacionales divididos entre AP y Coaches Poll en 1990 , entre Colorado (AP) y Georgia Tech (Coaches), y 1991 , entre Miami (FL) (AP) y Washington (Coaches), la Bowl Coalition se formó en 1992 para aumentar la probabilidad de un enfrentamiento en el partido por el campeonato nacional entre el número 1 y el número 2 en uno de los tazones participantes de la Coalition. [ 39 ]

Las reglas de la Coalición mantuvieron los vínculos tradicionales entre conferencias para los partidos de tazón , pero brindaron cierta flexibilidad para programar un enfrentamiento entre el número 1 y el número 2 entre dos equipos seleccionados entre los campeones de las conferencias ACC , Big East , Big Eight , SEC y SWC , o el equipo independiente Notre Dame , en el Cotton Bowl , Fiesta Bowl , Orange Bowl o Sugar Bowl .

Las conferencias Big Ten y Pac-10 no formaron parte de la Bowl Coalition, y sus campeones mantuvieron su tradicional enfrentamiento contractual en el Rose Bowl . Del mismo modo, los equipos de conferencias menores no tuvieron acceso al Campeonato Nacional de la Bowl Coalition.

Bowl Alliance (1995–1997)

En 1995, la Bowl Alliance reemplazó a la Bowl Coalition. [ 40 ] A diferencia de la Coalition, la Alliance garantizaba un enfrentamiento en la postemporada entre los dos mejores equipos de sus cinco campeones de conferencia, además de Notre Dame. A partir de 1996 , el campeón de la Big 12 se unió a la Alliance en lugar de los campeones de las disueltas conferencias Big Eight y Southwest .

A diferencia de la Coalición, la Alianza eliminó los vínculos tradicionales entre conferencias y sus tazones asociados. El partido del campeonato nacional de la Bowl Alliance se rotaría entre el Fiesta Bowl, el Sugar Bowl y el Orange Bowl, y el Cotton Bowl fue excluido del calendario. La Bowl Alliance también otorgó su propio trofeo al ganador de su partido del campeonato nacional. [ 261 ] [ 262 ]

El Rose Bowl se mantuvo independiente de la Alianza, dejando abierta la posibilidad de que un título nacional fuera para el campeón del Rose Bowl de la Big Ten o la Pac-10 en lugar de uno de los dos mejores equipos de la Alianza. [ 263 ] Esto ocurrió en 1997 , cuando el número 1 Michigan ganó el Rose Bowl y mantuvo su primer puesto en la encuesta de AP . [ 263 ] Al no contar con el equipo número 1 del país, el Orange Bowl fue denominado el "Campeonato Nacional de la Alianza". [ 263 ] El ganador Nebraska dividió las encuestas cuando superó al campeón de AP Michigan en la encuesta final de entrenadores (un resultado que la encuesta de entrenadores le negó a Penn State tres años antes en la misma situación).

Serie de Campeonatos de Bowl (1998–2013)

La Bowl Championship Series (BCS), que comenzó en 1998 , finalmente logró reunir a las conferencias Big Ten y Pac-10 con los antiguos miembros de la Coalition y la Alliance para un partido combinado de campeonato nacional.

Tras la temporada regular, el BCS emparejó a sus equipos clasificados en primer y segundo lugar para disputar el título en el Campeonato Nacional del BCS . Esta designación inicialmente rotaba entre cuatro tazones del BCS: el Fiesta Bowl , el Sugar Bowl , el Orange Bowl y el Rose Bowl . A partir de la temporada 2006, el Campeonato Nacional del BCS se convirtió en una competición independiente, que se jugaba una semana después en la sede del tazón que seguía la misma rotación.

La fórmula original del BCS incorporaba la encuesta de AP y la encuesta de entrenadores junto con un promedio de varias clasificaciones por computadora. [ 41 ] La fórmula sufrió muchos ajustes a lo largo de los años, incluyendo una gran revisión después de la temporada 2004 en la que la encuesta de AP fue reemplazada por la encuesta interactiva de fútbol americano universitario de Harris . [ 266 ]

Los ganadores del Campeonato Nacional BCS fueron coronados campeones nacionales según la encuesta de entrenadores y recibieron el Trofeo de Entrenadores en el campo tras el partido. Además, la Fundación Nacional de Fútbol Americano les otorgó el Trofeo MacArthur .

Campeonatos Nacionales BCS por escuela

Notas

1 La victoria de USC en el Orange Bowl de 2005 y el correspondiente Campeonato Nacional BCS 2004-05 fueron anulados por el BCS. [ 177 ] [ 197 ]

Playoffs de fútbol americano universitario (2014-presente)

El College Football Playoff (CFP) fue diseñado como reemplazo del BCS. Si bien la NCAA aún no lo avala oficialmente, los organizadores buscaron implementar un sistema de playoffs similar al de los demás niveles del fútbol americano universitario en la Football Bowl Subdivision.

El College Football Playoff depende de un comité de selección de 13 miembros para seleccionar doce equipos que juegan en un cuadro de playoffs de eliminación directa de cuatro rondas, con plazas automáticas para los playoffs otorgadas a los cinco campeones de conferencia mejor clasificados y los cuatro mejores de esos equipos reciben un pase directo a la segunda ronda. [ 43 ] [ 267 ] El ganador del partido final recibe el Trofeo del Campeonato Nacional del College Football Playoff . [ 44 ]

Campeonatos Nacionales de CFP por escuela

Reclamaciones de campeonato nacional

Las afirmaciones de Tennessee sobre el campeonato nacional, tal como se exhiben en su estadio Neyland.

Las siguientes tablas enumeran los títulos nacionales que las universidades han ganado en la máxima categoría del fútbol americano universitario. Algunas de estas universidades ya no compiten en la máxima categoría, que actualmente es la División I FBS de la NCAA , pero aun así conservan títulos que obtuvieron cuando sí competían en ella.

Debido a que no existe un organismo rector u oficial que regule, reconozca o otorgue campeonatos nacionales en el fútbol americano universitario, y debido a que existen muchos selectores independientes de campeonatos, muchas de las afirmaciones de las universidades que se enumeran a continuación son compartidas, contradictorias o controvertidas. [ 7 ] [ 268 ] [ 269 ]

"No existe un estándar oficial porque no hay un campeón nacional oficial. Todo depende del estándar que cada escuela desee utilizar. El campeón nacional es algo subjetivo."

La mayoría de estas afirmaciones, aunque no todas, se basan en campeonatos otorgados por selectores catalogados como "principales" en la publicación oficial de los registros de la Subdivisión de Bowl de Fútbol Americano de la NCAA . [ 8 ] [ 10 ] No todos los campeonatos otorgados por selectores externos, ni todos los que figuran en el libro de récords de la NCAA, son necesariamente reclamados por cada escuela. [ n3 1 ] Por lo tanto, estas afirmaciones representan cómo cada escuela individual ve su propia historia en lo que respecta a los campeonatos nacionales.

Las tablas a continuación incluyen únicamente las reclamaciones de campeonatos nacionales originadas por cada escuela en particular y, por lo tanto, representan el punto de vista de cada institución. El número total de campeonatos y los años para los que se reclaman están documentados por cada escuela en su sitio web oficial, en su guía de medios de fútbol americano, en un letrero destacado del estadio o en otras publicaciones o literatura oficiales (véase la fuente ). Si una escuela no menciona un campeonato para una temporada en particular, independientemente de si fue otorgado por un comité de selección o aparece en una publicación de terceros, como los registros oficiales de la NCAA Football Bowl Subdivision, no se considera que dicha institución lo haya reclamado.

Afirmaciones de la escuela

Notas
  1. ↑ Las siguientes escuelas no hacen ninguna declaración o afirmación aparente con respecto a campeonatos nacionales, o claramente no afirman tener un campeonato nacional, a pesar de que aparece un campeonato nacional para esa escuela en los registros oficiales de la NCAA Football Bowl Subdivision Records : Arizona State , Colgate , Duke , Missouri , Oregon , Purdue , Utah , [ 270 ] Vanderbilt , [ 271 ] y Washington & Jefferson .
  2. ↑ Ningún seleccionador importante eligió a Yale para 1901. La fuente original de "National Champion Football Teams" de Parke H. Davis indica "1901 Harvard". [ 28 ]
  3. ↑ La victoria de USC sobre Oklahoma el 4 de enero de 2005 en el Campeonato BCS fue anulada según lo estipulado por la NCAA, su Campeonato Nacional BCS de 2004 fue anulado por la BCS y su Trofeo de Entrenadores de la AFCA fue devuelto. Las sanciones de la NCAA estipulan que "cualquier referencia a los resultados anulados, incluidos los campeonatos, deberá ser eliminada". USC aún conserva el Campeonato Nacional Associated Press de 2004 y no ha renunciado a su reclamo de un campeonato nacional de 2004. [ 197 ] [ 280 ]
  4. ↑ Ningún seleccionador importante eligió a Auburn para 1914, 1958 y 2004. [ 285 ] [ 286 ] [ 287 ]
  5. ↑ Ningún seleccionador importante eligió a Pittsburgh para 1934. Parke H. Davis murió en junio de 1934; [ 28 ] Pitt fue seleccionado en la siguiente edición de 1935 de la Spalding Foot Ball Guide [ 72 ] pero esa selección no está incluida en los libros de récords de la NCAA. La afirmación de Pitt se basó en unartículo de Sports Illustrated de 1967 que atribuía las selecciones póstumas de Spalding directamente a Davis. [ 14 ]
  6. ↑ El Informe Billingsley originalmente nombró a Penn como campeones de 1907 y el equipo figuró en los libros de récords de la NCAA de 1996 [ 69 ] a 2003 [ 141 ] . Sin embargo, el equipo fue eliminado de los libros de récords posteriores de la NCAA cuando Billingsley actualizó la fórmula de su sistema para eliminar el componente de Margen de Victoria.
  7. ↑ Ningún seleccionador importante eligió a Columbia, que derrotó a Stanford en el Rose Bowl, para 1933. La guía de prensa de Columbia afirma que el equipo "fue considerado campeón nacional". [ 337 ]
  8. ↑ Ningún selector importante eligió a Boston College para 1940. La encuesta final de AP y varias otras selecciones precedieron a los partidos de tazón. Boston College derrotó a Tennessee en el Sugar Bowl en una batalla de invictos. [ 346 ] [ 347 ] [ 348 ] [ 349 ]

Reclamaciones por año

Other selectors

In addition to the NCAA-designated "major selectors" listed above, various other people and organizations have selected national champions in college football. Selections from such notable selectors are listed below.

Unique championship selections from non-major selectors

Teams in the following table were selected by people or organizations not listed as a "major selector" in the NCAA Football Bowl Subdivision Records book.

In the interest of brevity, this table contains only teams that were not also selected by any NCAA-designated major selector for the given year. Some are contrarian selections or protests against the choices of the major polls and the BCS.

Howard Jones Memorial Foundation national championship trophy
Notes
  • Teams listed in italics indicate retroactively applied championships.
  • Co-champion selections are indicated by co.

See also

References

  1. ↑"Frequently Asked Questions about the CFP". Archived from the original on October 1, 2024. Retrieved October 27, 2024. The College Football Playoff is administered by the FBS conferences and the University of Notre Dame which are members of CFP Administration, LLC.
  2. ↑"Syracuse and Cornell Still Top Gridders". The Reading Eagle. Reading, Pennsylvania. November 12, 1923. p. 12. Archived from the original on November 17, 2015. Retrieved May 5, 2015.
  3. ↑Viehman, Harold H., ed. (1939). The 1939 Owl. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh. p. 276. Archived from the original on April 4, 2012. Retrieved May 5, 2015.
  4. ↑Dodd, Dennis (December 22, 2004). "Subtracting AP poll leaves BCS again scrambling for legitimacy". CBS Sports. Archived from the original on March 8, 2013. Retrieved May 5, 2015.
  5. ↑Peterson, Bill (November 5, 2008). "UC Football in the Hunt for a Big East Crown and BCS Bid". Citybeat.com. Archived from the original on June 9, 2015. Retrieved May 5, 2015.
  6. 1231960 NCAA Official Collegiate Football Record Book. National Collegiate Athletic Association. 1960. p. 8. Retrieved May 25, 2023. The AP poll of sports writers was originated in 1936 and the UPI poll of coaches was begun in 1950. Representing the combined opinions of observers across the country, they are the most popularly accepted electors to mythical national title honors. Prior to the polls, the Rissman and Knute Rockne trophies, symbolized the championship from 1924 to 1936.
  7. 123Hooper, Matt (October 10, 2009). Noel, Tex (ed.). "How many national titles can Alabama really lay claim to? Better yet, why is there more than one answer? (republished with permission from the Birmingham Weekly)"(PDF). The College Football Historian. 2 (9). Intercollegiate Football Researchers Association. ISSN 2326-3628. Archived(PDF) from the original on September 24, 2015. Retrieved May 5, 2015.
  8. 123456789"National Champion Major Selections (1896 to Present)". 2022 NCAA Football Bowl Subdivision Records(PDF). Indianapolis: The National Collegiate Athletic Association. July 2022. pp. 112–114. Retrieved January 4, 2023. The criteria for being included in this historical list of poll selectors is that the poll be national in scope, either through distribution in newspaper, television, radio and/or computer online. The list includes both former selectors, who were instrumental in the sport of college football, and selectors who were among the Bowl Championship Series (BCS) selectors.
  9. 1234Weinreb, Michael (June 18, 2013). "Tricky Dick's Trick Play". Grantland. Archived from the original on July 2, 2016. Retrieved January 8, 2017. In 1969, President Nixon was the decider of the national championship
  10. 12345678910111213"Final National Poll Leaders". 2022 NCAA Football Bowl Subdivision Records(PDF). Indianapolis: The National Collegiate Athletic Association. July 2022. pp. 114–119. Retrieved January 4, 2023.
  11. ↑Blevins, Dave (2012). College Football Awards: All National and Conference Winners Through 2010. p. 73. the two most widely recognized and authoritative [national championship] selectors are the Associated Press (which conducts a poll of football sportswriters) and the USA Today Coaches' Poll of the American Football Coaches Association.
  12. 12Benagh, Jim (October 6, 1985). "Top Spot in Poll Draws Reward". The New York Times. Archived from the original on August 15, 2022. Retrieved August 14, 2022. When the University of Iowa rose to No. 1 in The Associated Press and the United Press International college football rankings last week, it was reason for elation across the state. ... The polls, since the first one began 50 years ago this month, have been the prime measuring stick for determining the champion, albeit an unofficial one.
  13. ↑"Doctors After the Indians". Baltimore American. Vol. 187, no. 34, 129. Baltimore, Maryland. October 31, 1899. p. 4. Archived from the original on November 17, 2015. Retrieved May 5, 2015. [Carlisle was] defeated by Harvard last Saturday, which gives the Crimson the best chance for national championship honors this year.
  14. 1234567891011Jenkins, Dan (September 11, 1967). Laguerre, André (ed.). "This Year The Fight Will Be In The Open". Sports Illustrated. Vol. 27, no. 11. Chicago. pp. 28–34. Archived from the original on September 24, 2015. Retrieved February 8, 2016. Coaches of top teams have long pretended they did not care about national rankings, but Notre Dame vs. Michigan State has changed that, and this season's excitement centers on the battle to be No. 1
  15. 12Noel, Tex, ed. (May 2009). "Three Actual Polls from the 1901 College Football Season"(PDF). The College Football Historian. 2 (4). Intercollegiate Football Researchers Association. ISSN 2326-3628. Archived(PDF) from the original on September 24, 2015. Retrieved May 5, 2015.
  16. ↑"In the Football World: How the Leading Elevens are Impartially Rated". The Sun. New York. December 4, 1899. Archived from the original on March 6, 2023. Retrieved March 5, 2023. With the football season at an end, the critics are busily engaged in reviewing the various big games and in rating the leading elevens according to merit.
  17. 12Camp, Walter (December 13, 1919). "Walter Camp's All-America Football Team". Collier's. Vol. 64, no. 20. p. 46. Retrieved March 6, 2023. Football, however, is not a game where a great national championship is possible or desirable. The very nature of the sport would forbid anything like such a series of contests as are played in baseball.
  18. ↑Jemison, Dick (December 9, 1917). "Everett Strupper Elected To Lead 1918 Tech Eleven". The Atlanta Constitution. Archived from the original on February 22, 2023. Retrieved February 21, 2023. To each member of the team was presented from admiring alumni gold footballs with the inscription, "National Champions."
  19. ↑Ryan, Alfred C., ed. (January 1925). "Bonniwell National Football Trophy of America Awarded to Notre Dame"(PDF). The Notre Dame Alumnus. Vol. III, no. 4. South Bend, Indiana: The Alumni Association of the University of Notre Dame. pp. 96, 105. Archived(PDF) from the original on November 9, 2022. Retrieved November 8, 2022.
  20. ↑ Written at Philadelphia. "Notre Dame to Receive National Title Trophy". The News-Journal. Lancaster, Pennsylvania. December 5, 1924. Archived from the original on March 6, 2023. Retrieved March 5, 2023. [The Bonniwell Trophy] is "to be awarded in such years as produces a team whose standing is so preeminent as to make its selection as champion of America beyond dispute."
  21. 123Walsh, Christopher J. (2007). Who's #1?: 100-Plus Years of Controversial National Champions in College Football. Taylor Trade Publications. pp. 13–16, 148–149. ISBN 9781461734765. Archived from the original on November 26, 2015. Retrieved May 5, 2015.
  22. ↑ Written at South Bend, Indiana. "Football Award will be made at Pittsburgh"(PDF). The Reflector. Vol. VIII, no. 17. Indianapolis, Indiana: Indiana Central College. February 7, 1930. p. 3. Archived(PDF) from the original on March 6, 2023. Retrieved May 17, 2022. The Albert Russell [sic] Eskine Trophy, emblematic of the national football championship as determined by 250 sports writers, will be presented to Notre Dame, 1929 winner, at the Pittsburgh–Notre Dame basketball game in this city, February 8.
  23. ↑"Notre Dame Receives Erskine Award"(PDF). The Notre Dame Alumnus. Vol. IX, no. 5. South Bend, Indiana: The Alumni Association of the University of Notre Dame. January 1931. p. 169. Archived(PDF) from the original on March 6, 2023. Retrieved May 17, 2022. Nation's sports writers pick Notre Dame football team as champions by record vote; Trophy awarded in New York January second.
  24. ↑"Trojans Get Erskine 1931 Grid Award". Los Angeles Times. January 2, 1932. Archived from the original on May 25, 2022. Retrieved May 17, 2022. Southern California's 21–12 victory over Tulane brought the Trojans the Albert Russell Erskine football trophy and the national grid championship for 1931. Presentation of the trophy was made in front of the Trojan rooting section following the game by William R. Moorehouse, member of the Erskine award board. The Erskine award brought a Studebaker President eight sedan to Coach Howard Jones, an engraved cup to the University of Southern California and a scroll signifying the national championship to the Trojan team.
  25. ↑Toledo Cup — National Collegiate Football Championship (Trophy). Gibson-Nagurski Athletic Center, University of Minnesota. January 6, 2023. Archived from the original on May 6, 2023. Retrieved May 6, 2023. 1934, 1935, 1936 — University of Minnesota
  26. ↑Briggs, David (January 8, 2023). "What if one of the greatest trophies in sports was named after Toledo? In college football, it once was". The Blade. Toledo, Ohio. Archived from the original on February 3, 2023. Retrieved February 3, 2023.
  27. ↑Emerson, Seth (August 20, 2023). "College football's last 3-peat: The Minnesota national title history Georgia is chasing". The Athletic. Minneapolis. Archived from the original on August 28, 2023. Retrieved September 14, 2023.
  28. 12345678910Okeson, Walter R., ed. (1934). Spalding's Official Foot Ball Guide 1934. New York: American Sports Publishing Co. pp. 206–208.
  29. ↑McLellan, Bruce (September 3, 1983). "A Belated Look at Some No. 1 Teams". The Macon Telegraph. Macon, Georgia. Archived from the original on November 8, 2022. Retrieved November 8, 2022.
  30. 123Dubow, Josh (January 3, 2004). "Split national championships nothing new to college football — 11 times since 1950". The Modesto Bee. Associated Press. Archived from the original on March 4, 2023. Retrieved March 4, 2023. List of the 11 split national titles since 1950: 1954, 1957, 1965, 1970, 1973, 1974, 1978, 1990, 1991, 1997, 2003
  31. 12"Teams No. 1 in final AP Poll that lost Bowl game". Tallahassee Democrat. January 3, 1993. Archived from the original on March 2, 2023. Retrieved March 2, 2023. 1950 Oklahoma, 1951 Tennessee, 1953 Maryland, 1960 Minnesota, 1964 Alabama
  32. 12Campbell, Kyle; Jones, Joey, eds. (2014). "2014 Ole Miss Football Guide". University, Mississippi: University of Mississippi Athletics Media Relations Office. p. 104. Archived from the original on May 27, 2015. Retrieved May 5, 2015.
  33. 12"UW Football National Championships". gohuskies.com. University of Washington Athletic Communications Office. Archived from the original on December 21, 2020. Retrieved December 21, 2020. Washington officially claims two national championships in football: 1960 and 1991.
  34. 123"Poll Matches Rose Foes – 'One-Two' Fracas Set". Moberly Monitor–Index. Moberly, Missouri. Associated Press. December 3, 1968. p. 8. Archived from the original on August 25, 2022. Retrieved August 25, 2022. That Dream Match—the No. 1 team against the No. 2 outfit in the Rose Bowl—remained a reality today... but just barely. [...] Because the race is so tight, the final AP poll of the season won't be released until after the Jan. 1 bowl games.
  35. 12345Barbati, Carl; Cannizzaro, Mark (January 3, 1988). "Should there be college Super Bowl?". The Courier–News. Bridgewater, New Jersey. Archived from the original on October 25, 2022. Retrieved October 24, 2022. Only luck ensures one of the many current bowl games gets the No. 1 and No. 2 teams to play each other.
  36. 12Jenkins, Dan (December 22, 1969). "Knute Rockne Would Have Agreed, Ara". Sports Illustrated. Vol. 31, no. 26. Chicago. pp. 26–31. Archived from the original on February 27, 2023. Retrieved February 27, 2023.
  37. ↑ Written at New York. "Paterno Advocates Playoff System". Lancaster New Era. Lancaster, Pennsylvania. Associated Press. January 5, 1978. Archived from the original on March 8, 2023. Retrieved March 8, 2023.
  38. ↑ Written at New York. "Paterno: Playoffs should decide who's No. 1". The Sentinel. Carlisle, Pennsylvania. Associated Press. December 5, 1985. Archived from the original on March 8, 2023. Retrieved March 8, 2023.
  39. 123Fachet, Robert (January 24, 1992). "Bowl Deal Set with Coalition". The Washington Post. Retrieved August 10, 2022. ...under an agreement hammered out yesterday by the College Football Bowl Coalition that also provides enhanced opportunity for a national championship game.
  40. 123Murray, Ken (September 1, 1995). "'ALLIANCE' AIMS HIGH No. 1 vs. 2 is goal of new bowl setup, but Rose is prickly". The Baltimore Sun. Archived from the original on July 2, 2021. Retrieved August 11, 2022. Briefly, the Bowl Coalition has been replaced by the Bowl Alliance, which will spread five conference champions (ACC, Big East, Big Eight, Southeastern, Southwest) plus Notre Dame around three different bowls. The championship game between the Nos. 1 and 2 alliance teams will be rotated among the Fiesta (this year), Sugar (1996) and Orange (1997) bowls. Unlike the coalition, the alliance has eliminated conference tie-ins to its respective bowls.
  41. 12Billingsley, Richard (October 21, 2001). "The road to the BCS has been a long one". ESPN College Football. Archived from the original on September 12, 2015. Retrieved May 7, 2015.
  42. 1234Schlabach, Mark (December 22, 2004). "AP Opts Out Of Formula For BCS". The Washington Post. Retrieved August 26, 2022.
  43. 1234Kilgore, Adam (September 1, 2015). "College football rankings provide problems and little else in playoff era". The Washington Post. Retrieved March 2, 2023.
  44. 123"College Football Playoff Unveils National Championship Trophy". College Football Playoff. July 14, 2014. Archived from the original on September 6, 2015. Retrieved December 7, 2014. Handcrafted piece of art to serve as new, iconic symbol of postseason college football
  45. ↑Rosiek, Robert A. (May 1988). College Football National Champions 1869–1987. Dearborn Heights, Michigan. OCLC 29365957. Retrieved April 1, 2023.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  46. 12Litkenhous Ratings Championship trophy (Trophy plaque). Hollingsworth / Manning Hall, University of Mississippi: Litkenhous Ratings. July 18, 2013. Archived from the original on April 17, 2024. Retrieved April 5, 2023. The Difference By Score System
  47. 12Reiss, Malcolm, ed. (1937). "Ranking the Champions; A Review of National Football Ranking for the Past 13 Years". Illustrated Football Annual 1937. New York City: Fiction House, Inc. pp. 86–87. The final revision of the AZZI RATEM System was completed in the spring of 1936. This revision was used to re-rate previous years.
  48. ↑"The William F. Boand trophy". The Baytown Sun. Baytown, Texas. International News Service. February 2, 1955. Archived from the original on January 19, 2023. Retrieved January 19, 2023. The William F. Boand trophy... in recognition of the Bucks as the No. 1 football team of 1954 according to Board's Azzi Ratem system. Byron F. Boyd, editor of the Football News, will make the presentation
  49. 12"National Dickinson Football Ratings". The Honolulu Advertiser. January 24, 1926. Retrieved January 19, 2023. Places Dartmouth at the top of the column
  50. 12Dickinson, Frank G. (February 1941). Dickinson's Football Ratings — from Grange to Harmon. Omaha, Nebraska: What's What Publishing Company.
  51. 12345678910111213Houlgate, Deke (1954). The Football Thesaurus: 85 Years on the American Gridiron. Los Angeles, California: Houlgate House. In the Huddle with Deke Houlgate: College Football from 1869 through 1953; Annual Supplements for 1954–1958
  52. ↑Noel, David, ed. (1936). "Football – Awards". The Rotunda 1936. Southern Methodist University — Dallas, Texas: S. M. U. Students Publishing Company Incorporated. p. 190. Archived from the original on June 30, 2024. Retrieved June 30, 2024. In recognition of their outstanding ability on the gridiron, the Mustangs were awarded several trophies, most significant being the coveted national championship honors. SMU is the first Southwest team to receive the Knute K. Rockne Memorial Trophy. Equally prized is the Deke Houlgate Cup, which designates the Ponies national champions of 1935.
  53. ↑ Written at Dallas, Texas. "Louisiana State Gets Foreman–Clark Trophy". The Capital Times. Madison, Wisconsin. Associated Press. January 10, 1937. Archived from the original on January 31, 2023. Retrieved January 31, 2023. The Foreman and Clark trophy, emblematic of the National football championship, won by SMU in 1935, will be sent to LSU. The Tigers were awarded the trophy for the past season under the ratings of Deke Houlgate, Los Angeles, grid statistician.
  54. ↑Rothman, David. "FACT College Football Standings". Retrieved July 13, 2022. Around April of 1970 or 1971, I came up with the method now used. [...] Championships have been awarded on this basis by the Foundation for the Analysis of Competitions and Tournaments since the 1970s, and retroactive to 1968.
  55. ↑Wolfe, Peter. "2020 College Football". Archived from the original on December 11, 2020. Retrieved January 21, 2021.
  56. 122022 NCAA Football Bowl Subdivision Records(PDF). Indianapolis: The National Collegiate Athletic Association. July 2022. Retrieved January 4, 2023.
  57. 1234"Consensus National Champions". 2022 NCAA Football Bowl Subdivision Records(PDF). Indianapolis: The National Collegiate Athletic Association. July 2022. p. 125. Retrieved January 4, 2023. Since 1950 — AP, UPI, FW, NFF, USA/CNN, USA/ESPN, USA
  58. ↑The Associated Press Trophy (Trophy). Joyce Center, University of Notre Dame: Associated Press. 1966–1977. Archived from the original on November 27, 2023. The National Collegiate Football Championship Award — Based on the Top Ten Championship Poll of Nation's Sports Writers and Sportscasters — 1966: Notre Dame; 1967: USC; 1968: Ohio State; 1969: Texas; 1970: Nebraska; 1971: Nebraska; 1972: USC; 1973: Notre Dame; 1974: Oklahoma; 1975: Oklahoma; 1976: Pitt; 1977: Notre Dame
  59. 12"AFCA Recognizes Oklahoma State as 1945 National Champion". afca.com. American Football Coaches Association. Archived from the original on October 18, 2016. Retrieved October 18, 2016.
  60. ↑Tramel, Berry (August 23, 2017). "Why is Oklahoma State on an island with the retroactive titles?". News OK. Retrieved December 4, 2018.
  61. 12The Coaches' Trophy — 1946 Army West Point (Trophy). Michie Stadium: United States Military Academy. February 12, 2026. Archived from the original on February 13, 2026. The Coaches' Trophy — The National Champion — Army West Point — 1946
  62. 123Bohls, Kirk (March 4, 2014). "President's Column: Introducing the FWAA-NFF Grantland Rice Super 16 Poll". The Fifth Down: The online newsletter of the FWAA. Football Writers Association of America. Archived from the original on October 26, 2014. Retrieved October 26, 2014. The FWAA will not give out a trophy to the national champion moving forward, but with this poll we may have some influence on just which team is holding the ultimate trophy on the night of Jan. 12.
  63. 12345"They Were Number One — College Football's National Championship Teams — As Chosen By Citizens Savings Athletic Foundation" (Press release). Los Angeles: Citizens Savings Athletic Foundation. March 15, 1973. As the result of its 1973 appraisal, the Athletic Foundation took the privilege of granting co-championship recognition to Stanford with Alabama in 1926; Notre Dame with the U.S. Military in 1946; Michigan with Notre Dame in 1947; and Ohio State with UCLA in 1954.
  64. 12"University of Alabama Recognized as 2015 NFF MacArthur Bowl Recipient" (Press release). Irving, Texas: National Football Foundation. January 12, 2016. Archived from the original on November 7, 2023. Retrieved November 7, 2023. During college football's Poll Era, the NFF MacArthur Bowl Committee selected the recipient of the trophy. With the advent of the Bowl Championship Series (BCS) in 1998, the national championship game has determined which team claimed the MacArthur Bowl, a tradition that will continue with the adoption of the College Football Playoff.
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  71. 123McDonald, Neil (December 29, 1934). "Fanfare — Stanford Gets Trophy". Los Angeles Evening Post. p. 8.
  72. 123Okeson, Walter R., ed. (1935). Spalding's Official Foot Ball Guide 1935. New York: American Sports Publishing Co. pp. 233–235.
  73. ↑The Coaches' Trophy — 1935 Southern Methodist University (Trophy). Gerald J. Ford Stadium Heritage Hall: American Football Coaches Association. June 17, 2024. The American Football Coaches Association Honors — Southern Methodist University 1935 — For Their Championship Season{{cite sign}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  74. ↑The Coaches' Trophy — 1935 Texas Christian University (Trophy). Schollmaier Arena: American Football Coaches Association. March 21, 2023. Archived from the original on March 23, 2023. The American Football Coaches Association Honors The National Football Champion — Texas Christian University — 1935
  75. 123Williamson, Paul B. (January 16, 1936). "Frogs Rated First In Final Grid Standings; S.M.U. Mustangs Placed Second By Williamson". Fort Worth Star–Telegram. Fort Worth, Texas. Archived from the original on January 3, 2023. Retrieved January 2, 2023. No Undisputable National Champions Picked; Sugar Bowl Game One of Best
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  78. 12"Williamson System Names Bears Champs". The Knoxville News–Sentinel. United Press. January 6, 1938. Archived from the original on January 3, 2023. Retrieved January 2, 2023.
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  154. ↑2010 NCAA Football Bowl Subdivision Records(PDF). National Collegiate Athletic Association. 2010. Archived(PDF) from the original on May 16, 2012. Retrieved May 12, 2023.
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  156. 12Guerra, Darren. "AndersonSports: The Jeff Anderson & Chris Hester College Football Computer Rankings – Part of the BCS Rankings". andersonsports.com. Archived from the original on March 27, 2017. Retrieved April 27, 2018.
  157. 12"CONGROVE COMPUTER RANKINGS (FBS)". collegefootballpoll.com. January 12, 2012. Archived from the original on April 27, 2018. Retrieved December 10, 2021.
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  159. ↑2013 NCAA Football Bowl Subdivision Records(PDF). National Collegiate Athletic Association. 2013. Archived(PDF) from the original on July 5, 2016. Retrieved May 12, 2023.
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  163. ↑2017 NCAA Football Bowl Subdivision Records(PDF). National Collegiate Athletic Association. 2017. Archived(PDF) from the original on March 20, 2018. Retrieved May 12, 2023.
  164. ↑2018 NCAA Football Bowl Subdivision Records(PDF). National Collegiate Athletic Association. 2018. Archived(PDF) from the original on November 7, 2020. Retrieved May 12, 2023.
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  166. ↑2020 NCAA Football Bowl Subdivision Records(PDF). National Collegiate Athletic Association. 2020. pp. 112–126. Archived(PDF) from the original on November 1, 2020. Retrieved May 12, 2023.
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  168. ↑2022 NCAA Football Bowl Subdivision Records(PDF). National Collegiate Athletic Association. 2022. Archived(PDF) from the original on January 2, 2023. Retrieved May 12, 2023.
  169. ↑2023 NCAA Football Bowl Subdivision Records(PDF). National Collegiate Athletic Association. 2023. Archived from the original on August 26, 2023. Retrieved August 26, 2023.
  170. ↑2024 NCAA Football Bowl Subdivision Records(PDF). National Collegiate Athletic Association. 2024. Archived from the original on November 8, 2024. Retrieved November 8, 2024.
  171. ↑2025 NCAA Football Bowl Subdivision Records(PDF). National Collegiate Athletic Association. 2025. Archived from the original on September 9, 2025. Retrieved September 9, 2025.
  172. ↑"NCAA College Football Rankings: AP Top 25 Football Poll". Associated Press News. Archived from the original on January 20, 2026.
  173. ↑"Indiana Completes Undefeated Season With First CFP National Championship". College Football Playoff. January 19, 2026. Retrieved January 19, 2026.
  174. ↑"Indiana Recognized as Recipient of Iconic NFF MacArthur Bowl".
  175. ↑Timanus, Eddie (January 20, 2026). "Indiana finishes the final college football rankings at No. 1 in the US LBM Coaches Poll". USA Today. Indiana claims all 62 top votes after becoming the first team in the sport's modern era to post a 16-0 record.
  176. ↑"USC loses Grantland Rice Trophy". ESPN. August 26, 2010. Archived from the original on August 27, 2010. Retrieved May 5, 2015.
  177. 12"BCS Group vacates USC 2004–05 national championship following NCAA denial of appeal" (Press release). Bowl Championship Series. June 6, 2011. Archived from the original on June 9, 2011. Retrieved March 6, 2023.
  178. ↑"University of Southern California Public Interactions Report"(PDF). USA Today. NCAA. Archived(PDF) from the original on November 7, 2015. Retrieved May 5, 2015.
  179. ↑Morey, Earl (December 9, 1960). "Big Eight voted 5–3 to strip KU's title in Bert Coan action". Lawrence Daily Journal-World. Kansas. p. 1. Archived from the original on April 4, 2022. Retrieved April 4, 2022. The move gave MU a 10–0 season record and a 7–0 record in league play.
  180. ↑"Major polls agree: Sooners consensus national champions". The Fresno Bee. January 3, 1986. Archived from the original on April 11, 2023. Retrieved March 3, 2023.
  181. ↑"Football Bowl Subdivision Records"(PDF). NCAA. Archived(PDF) from the original on January 2, 2023. Retrieved January 4, 2023.
  182. 123Middleton, Drew (December 6, 1938). Written at New York. "Texas Christian, Duke and Tennessee Top in Nation; Notre Dame Falls to Fifth". The Indianapolis News. Indianapolis. Associated Press. Archived from the original on August 22, 2022. Retrieved August 22, 2022. The poll was extended for another week because of the select quality of last Saturday's games, three of which had a direct bearing on the ranking.
  183. 12 Written at Los Angeles. "USC, Vols 1–2 in AP poll". Honolulu Star–Bulletin. Honolulu, Hawaii. Associated Press. November 30, 1967. p. 71. Archived from the original on August 25, 2022. Retrieved August 25, 2022. Southern California is king of 1967 college football. [...] Tennessee, 8–1 with one regular season game remaining before its Orange Bowl date with Oklahoma, received 11 first-place votes.
  184. ↑Fullerton, Hugh S. Jr. (November 29, 1938). Written at New York. "Irish Still Top Scribes' Ballot". The Indianapolis News. Indianapolis. Associated Press. Archived from the original on August 22, 2022. Retrieved August 22, 2022. In the final Associated Press football ranking poll of the year, ninety sports writers and editors chose Notre Dame as the nation's No. 1 team with Duke in third place. Texas Christian, which hoped for a Rose bowl bid, came in between them.
  185. 12 Written at New York. "AP Conducts Special Poll; Only Notre Dame, Michigan In Running". The La Crosse Tribune. La Crosse, Wisconsin. Associated Press. January 3, 1948. Archived from the original on August 22, 2022. Retrieved August 21, 2022. The AP's final poll of the top ten teams, released Dec. 8 at the conclusion of the regulation season, resulted in Notre Dame Winning first place with 1,410 points. Michigan was second with 1,289. While the latest poll—which will be released to afternoon papers of Tuesday, Jan. 6—will not supersede the regular season-end poll, it is intended to serve as a final summing up of the opinion on the two teams.
  186. 12Chandler, John (January 7, 1948). Written at New York. "Scribes of Nation Pick Michigan". The Salt Lake Tribune. Salt Lake City. Associated Press. Archived from the original on August 22, 2022. Retrieved August 21, 2022. This post-season poll, conducted by the Associated Press by popular demand after Michigan thumped Southern California in the Rose bowl, 49–0, doesn't supersede the weekly A. P. poll held during the regular season. The final poll released Dec. 8 gave Notre Dame 1410 points for first place, with Michigan 1289 for second. The Irish had just polished off Southern California 38–7.
  187. ↑Grimsley, Will (November 23, 1965). "MSU Tightens No. 1 Grip". St. Cloud Times. Associated Press. Archived from the original on August 22, 2022. Retrieved August 21, 2022. Another poll will be staged after this week's few remaining games and the final balloting, determining the national championship, will be held after the bowl games on New Year's Day. The decision to delay the final poll until after the New Year was made because of the broad growth of the post-season attractions and the involvement of most of the teams in the Top Ten. Actually, eight of the Top Ten will be in action after the regular season.
  188. ↑Green, Bob (January 4, 1966). "Crimson Tide Named National Collegiate Football Champions — Third Title in Five Years". Fort Collins Coloradoan. Associated Press. Archived from the original on August 17, 2022. Retrieved August 17, 2022. Ironically, when the Tide won last year, the poll was taken at the close of the regular season and 'Bama went on to lose to Texas in the Orange Bowl. This year the final poll of the season was conducted after the New Year's bowl games—the first time it had been held until after the bowls—because the six top teams were in action New Year's Day.
  189. ↑Rapoport, Ron (December 31, 1966). "Bear Bryant Still Figures His Team Is Best in Land". Sun-Journal. Lewiston, Maine. Associated Press. Archived from the original on August 25, 2022. Retrieved August 24, 2022. Last year, the AP took a post-Bowl game poll because Michigan State and Alabama were involved in Bowl games. This year, with the No. 1 and 2 teams not in Bowl games, so no post-season poll is planned.
  190. ↑Whittingham, Richard (2001). Rites of Autumn: The Story of College Football. Simon and Schuster. p. 46. ISBN 9780743222198. Archived from the original on April 26, 2017. Retrieved April 26, 2017.
  191. 123Petersen, Leo H. (September 13, 1950). "United Press Will Poll Coaches for Ratings on Leading College Elevens". Coshocton Tribune. Vol. XLII, no. 21. New York. United Press. p. 8. Archived from the original on December 8, 2022. Retrieved August 13, 2022. Thirty-five of the nation's foremost football coaches will rate the country's top collegiate football teams each week for the United Press this coming season.
  192. 12"UPI to Exclude Coaches' Votes From National Football Poll". Los Angeles Times. United Press International. June 4, 1991. Archived from the original on August 14, 2022. Retrieved August 13, 2022. "After more than six months' discussion, UPI and AFCA have ended the joint polling effort which began in 1950," said Milt Capps, senior vice president for UPI, a wire service agency. For more than 40 years, UPI sportswriters gathered votes from coaches each week, tallied the results and reported them. But UPI's rankings now will be determined by the votes of the sportswriters independent of the AFCA, which will produce its own, separate coaches rankings.
  193. 12"Sports News Briefs — U.P.I. Poll to Include Bowl Results". The New York Times. January 17, 1974. Archived from the original on August 14, 2022. Retrieved August 14, 2022. The American Football Coaches Association, acting on a proposal by United Press International, has voted to permit member coaches to extend their future U.P.I. rankings of the top 10 teams to include results of postseason bowl games. Since their Inception in 1950, rankings by the U.P.I. board of 35 coaches—five from each of the nation's seven geographical areas—have ended each year with the final Saturday of the regular season. This action will conform with the practice of the Associated Press, whose final ratings based on the votes of sports writers and broadcasters, include the bowl results. — A.F.C.A. members for many years expressed preference for including only regular-season games in the U.P.I. board's final rankings, A factor in the decision was the circumstance of first-ranked Alabama losing to fourth-ranked Notre Dame in the Sugar Bowl this season. — In a separate action, the A.F.C.A. recommended that no votes be cast by them or anyone else for football teams the National Collegiate A.A. has placed on probation, with sanctions, for violating the N.C.A.A. code.
  194. ↑"Amway Coaches Poll". American Football Coaches Association. Archived from the original on May 24, 2015. Retrieved May 5, 2015.
  195. ↑ Written at Dallas. "'USA Today' gets UPI coaches' poll". Austin American-Statesman. Austin. Associated Press. June 3, 1991. p. D2. Archived from the original on August 14, 2022. Retrieved August 13, 2022. The college football coaches poll, carried by United Press International since 1950, will now be distributed by USA Today.
  196. ↑"FBS coaches' poll will continue every week despite BCS going away". Associated Press. January 13, 2013. Archived from the original on November 29, 2014. Retrieved May 5, 2015.
  197. 123"BCS strips Southern California of 2004 national championship". USA Today. June 6, 2011. Archived from the original on June 9, 2011. Retrieved March 6, 2023.
  198. ↑Shapiro, Leonard (January 3, 1992). "Miami, Washington Earn Split Decision for No. 1". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on April 5, 2022. Retrieved August 15, 2022. The triumphant Miami and Washington teams exulted on separate coasts yesterday, each celebrating the outcome of at least one major poll that proclaimed it the national college football champion for 1991.
  199. ↑Jemison, Dick (October 31, 1917). "Chance to Name Grid Champ — Why Not Decide Football Title of America Nov. 24?". The Atlanta Constitution. Retrieved October 19, 2024. The game would be patronized by a packed house, regardless of what city it is staged in, played up as the championship game of the season and for the benefit of some worthy cause
  200. ↑Fuchs, Jeremy (January 4, 2018). "College Football Playoff Controversy Is 100 Years Old—Just Ask Georgia Tech". Sports Illustrated. Archived from the original on August 17, 2022. Retrieved October 19, 2024. In 1917, after Pitt beat Penn 14–6 in October, the march toward a quasi–national championship game began. In a column in The Atlanta Constitution, Dick Jemison first proposed the idea. The notion caught on. Frank Menke in the Pittsburgh Press wrote...
  201. ↑Bondurant, Bill (November 11, 1970). "Color Notre Dame, Nebraska Orange, If..."Fort Lauderdale News. 'It's our stated purpose to match the two highest ranked teams possible,' [Orange Bowl team selection committee chairman Jack] Baldwin said. 'Naturally, we'd like the national championship game if we could get it.'
  202. ↑ Written at Chicago. "Leahy Says Bruins Should Play Bucks in Rose Bowl for National Championship". Los Angeles Evening Citizen News. Los Angeles. United Press. November 30, 1954. Archived from the original on February 27, 2023. Retrieved February 26, 2023. The clause prohibits a team from playing in the [Rose Bowl] more than once in two years
  203. ↑Lee, Victor (November 18, 1990). Written at Miami. "Notre Dame's loss is Orange Bowl's loss". The Palm Beach Post. West Palm Beach, Florida. Archived from the original on February 27, 2023. Retrieved February 26, 2023. This is a classic example of the Orange Bowl extending the invitation too early when they could have had the national championship game. The Orange Bowl has done this two years in a row.
  204. 12Jenkins, Dan (December 20, 1971). "King Cornhusker Goes Bear Hunting". Sports Illustrated. Vol. 35, no. 25. pp. 22–33. Now the Orange Bowl is ecstatic, for right there on the Poly-Turf it has the absolute grand final battle for No. 1, the only bowl game that will truly matter among the eight or 10 thousand others to be staged through the holidays.
  205. ↑Eckersall, Walter (January 1, 1925). Written at Pasadena. "53,000 To See Notre Dame Battle Stanford Today — National Title at Stake in Coast Game — FOR NATIONAL TITLE". Chicago Tribune. Chicago. Two great football teams. Leland Stanford and Notre Dame, undisputed champions of the Pacific coast and middle west, respectively, will clash in the Rose bowl here tomorrow for national gridiron supremacy.
  206. ↑Swisher, Harold E. (January 1, 1925). Written at Pasadena. "East, West Clash for National Title". The Pomona Progress. Pomona, CA. United Press. With the Gridiron Championship of the Nation at stake, the Irish eleven of Notre Dame and the team from Leland Stanford University, at Palo Alto, will do battle in the Rose Bowl here this afternoon in the annual East-West football classic of the Tournament of Roses.
  207. 12 Written at New York. "Rose Bowl Winner Will be Awarded Erskine Trophy". The Tampa Times. Tamp, Florida. December 26, 1931. Archived from the original on March 9, 2023. Retrieved March 8, 2023.
  208. ↑Roberts, Don (January 1, 1932). "Trojans, Tulane Fight for National Crown". Los Angeles Evening Post-Record. Los Angeles. Archived from the original on March 1, 2023. Retrieved February 28, 2023. With the Albert Russell Erskine national football championship at stake, Tulane University's Green Wave today met the University of Southern California Trojans at the Pasadena Rose Bowl.
  209. 123"Tulane Leads Erskine Voting — Trojans Close Behind". The South Bend Tribune. December 18, 1931. Archived from the original on March 9, 2023. Retrieved March 8, 2023.
  210. ↑The Erskine poll's preliminary ballot ranked No. 1 Tulane and No. 2 USC.[209] Rather than hold a final vote, it was decided that the teams would compete for the Albert Russel Erskine Trophy at the Rose Bowl;[207] the trophy was presented to USC on the field following the game.
  211. ↑ Written at Champaign, Illinois. "Trojans Request Delay — Rockne Memorial Trophy to Be Accepted After Tulane Game". The Oregonian. Portland, Oregon. Associated Press. December 15, 1931. Retrieved October 17, 2024.
  212. ↑ Written at Los Angeles. "USC Will Be Awarded Rockne Cup — Dr. Frank G. Dickinson to Present Trophy to Rose Bowl Winners". The Tacoma Daily Ledger. Tacoma, Washington. Associated Press. January 4, 2024. Retrieved October 17, 2024. The ratings made long in advance of the Tournament of Roses game New Year's day placed Southern California first and Tulane second but when these two teams met in a 'natural' Rose bowl game, it was decided that if Tulane could overrule Dickinson's rating, he would stand corrected and give the trophy to the New Orleans lads.
  213. 12 Written at Los Angeles. "Troy, Pitt Play for Cup — Winner Will Get National Title Trophy — Donor of Cup Awarded Michigan 'Peeved,' Offers New One". The Long Beach Sun. Long Beach. United Press. December 15, 1932. Retrieved July 3, 2024. A trophy symbolic of the mythical national football championship will be awarded to the winner of the Southern California–Pittsburgh game at Pasadena by Jack Rissman, wealthy Chicago sportsman who donated the Dickinson rating cup.
  214. 12Beale, George H. (December 17, 1932). Written at Los Angeles. "Sports Parade — Champions, Trophies and Systems — What This Country Needs Is More Sportsmen Willing to Donate Cups to Grid Champions". The Lincoln Journal. Lincoln, Nebraska. United Press. Retrieved July 4, 2024. All that is needed now to make the football season a complete success is for someone to figure out a system to declare Colgate the undisputed national champion and to give the Red Raiders a trophy indicative of the same. [...] More national champions, more systems of picking them and more trophies to give them have long been the crying need of football. [...] It might even be worked out so Slippery Rock and Knox could have very fine trophies for their Y.M.C.A. trophy rooms. [...] Under the Beale system, I hereby award the national football championship to Bucknell (dear old alma mater)
  215. ↑"Gridiron Trophy Donor Here To See Big Game". Los Angeles Times. International News Service. December 6, 2024. Retrieved July 3, 2024. Jack Rissman, a Chicago merchant, said that thus far the Trojans are slightly in the lead in the race for the trophy, which is now known as the Knute Rockne Cup, and can clinch the honor only by defeating the Irish Saturday.
  216. ↑ Written at Champaign, Illinois. "Michigan Gets Rockne Trophy as U.S. Champ — USC Rated Second, Pittsburgh Third". The Daily Argus-Leader. Sioux Falls, South Dakota. Associated Press. December 11, 1932. p. 9. Archived from the original on March 28, 2022. Retrieved July 3, 2024. Although Southern California's Trojans defeated Notre Dame today to finish their regular season undefeated and untied, the University of Michigan tonight was declared winner of the Knute. K. Rockne memorial trophy, symbolic of the national football championship, under the Dickinson rating system.
  217. ↑Jack F. Rissman, who donated the first Dickinson System trophy, announced that the Dickinson title and Knute Rockne Memorial Trophy would go to USC with a season-ending win over Notre Dame.[215] However, following that game, Professor Dickinson named 8–0 Michigan as national champions with 9–0 USC No. 2 and 8–0–2 Pittsburgh No. 3.[216] Rissman, "peeved", announced on December 15 a new Rissman national championship trophy. For 1932, the trophy would go to the winner of the 1933 Rose Bowl.[213][214]
  218. ↑ Written at Chicago. "Irish and Seahawks Pointing for Game — Undefeated Opponents of Saturday Meet in Unofficial National Championship Game at South Bend, Ind". The Knoxville News–Sentinel. Knoxville, Tennessee. Associated Press. November 18, 1943. Archived from the original on February 20, 2023. Retrieved February 20, 2023. The result should establish one or the other definitely as the country's greatest football team—college or service. A crowd of 50,000 is expected to watch this unofficial championship battle at Notre Dame Stadium.
  219. ↑Game of the Year of the Day, 1943: Notre Dame 14, Iowa Pre-Flight 13Archived October 28, 2022, at the Wayback Machine " This was college football's national title game in 1943."
  220. ↑Sabo, John N.; Chandler, John F. (December 2, 1944). Written at Baltimore. "75,000 Await Army–Navy Title Clash". Detroit Free Press. Detroit. Detroit Free Press; Associated Press. Archived from the original on February 20, 2023. Retrieved February 20, 2023. ...the big battle for the service championship and, with it, the undisputed National collegiate grid gonfalon for 1944.
  221. ↑On This Date in Sports December 1, 1945: Army-Navy for the NationArchived October 28, 2022, at the Wayback Machine "For the second straight season, the fate of the National Championship is on the line in the Army-Navy Game in Philadelphia."
  222. ↑Bealmear, Austin (November 4, 1946). Written at New York City. "College Football Season Reaches Climax Saturday: Army and Notre Dame Battle in National Championship Game". The Daily Mail. Hagerstown, Maryland. Associated Press. Retrieved October 29, 2024. Football spotlight will be on Yankee Stadium Saturday when nation's two outstanding gridiron powers clash...to the average fan the only thing that matters will be the national championship struggle between Army and Notre Dame.
  223. ↑Weinreb, Michael (June 18, 2013). "The Birth of 'The Argument'". Grantland. Archived from the original on July 3, 2024. Retrieved October 29, 2024.
  224. ↑Los Angeles TimesArchived October 27, 2022, at the Wayback Machine "The national championship was at stake – USC was ranked No. 1 and Wisconsin No. 2"
  225. 121979 Sugar Bowl (Television production). Louisiana Superdome: ABC. January 1, 1979. The Game for the National Championship — No. 1 Penn State vs. No. 2 Alabama [...] Bowl Games for the National Championship: 1963 Rose Bowl, 1964 Cotton Bowl, 1969 Rose Bowl, 1972 Orange Bowl
  226. 12Jenkins, Dan (December 23, 1968). "Bouquets of Roses for No. 1". Sports Illustrated. Vol. 29, no. 26. Chicago. pp. 22–23. Retrieved March 16, 2016. The nation's two top teams, Ohio State and Southern California, get a rare opportunity to settle which is the best as an entire season of undefeated play comes down to their face-to-face clash in Pasadena.
  227. ↑After the Rose Bowl, USC received the FWAA's Grantland Rice national championship trophy.[14]
  228. ↑Chass, Murray (December 30, 1963). "Mythical Crown at Stake in Cotton Bowl". The Post-Crescent. Associated Press. Retrieved January 24, 2024. With Texas and Navy ready to battle for college football's unofficial championship... Unbeaten Texas will have to fend off the East's best to remain first in the minds of the nation's fans.
  229. ↑Ratliff, Harold V. (December 31, 1963). Written at Dallas, Texas. "'Dream Game' In Dallas Heads Bowl Parade: National Title Is At Stake". The Herald-Palladium. Benton Harbor, Michigan. Associated Press. Archived from the original on January 24, 2024. Retrieved January 24, 2024. Darrel Royal's eyes flashed when he said it: 'We aren't a bit afraid to put it on the line.' He was discussing the question of whether the national championship would be decided when his Texas football team plays Navy in the Cotton Bowl Wednesday.
  230. ↑After the Cotton Bowl, Texas received the FWAA's Grantland Rice national championship trophy.[14]
  231. ↑Smothers, Jimmy (January 2, 1966). "Bama shoots for No. 1 spot". The Gadsden Times. p. 21. Archived from the original on November 17, 2015. Retrieved June 16, 2013.
  232. ↑Green, Bob (January 4, 1966). "Tide keeps AP title trophy". The Tuscaloosa News. Associated Press. p. 7. Archived from the original on November 17, 2015. Retrieved June 15, 2013.
  233. ↑"Remember that time Notre Dame beat Michigan State, 10–10?". September 16, 2016. Archived from the original on September 20, 2016. Retrieved September 20, 2016.
  234. ↑"Upside-Down Game: 1996 Notre Dame-Michigan State". Sports Illustrated Vault | Si.com. Archived from the original on August 17, 2019. Retrieved October 25, 2022.
  235. ↑"Polls give No. 1 nod to Notre Dame". Eugene Register-Guard. Oregon. Associated Press. December 6, 1967. p. 3B. Archived from the original on October 25, 2022. Retrieved October 25, 2022.
  236. ↑Meyers, Jeff (November 29, 1966). "Notre Dame is No. 1 in final UPI balloting". Reading Eagle. Pennsylvania. UPI. p. 26. Archived from the original on June 5, 2021. Retrieved October 25, 2022.
  237. ↑After the 10–10 tie, Notre Dame and Michigan State retained their No. 1 and No. 2 rankings in the final AP and Coaches Polls.[235][236]
  238. ↑Jenkins, Dan (November 20, 1967). "The Great One Confronts O.j."Sports Illustrated Vault | Si.com. Archived from the original on October 25, 2022. Retrieved October 25, 2022. A NATIONAL CHAMPIONSHIP, A BOWL BID, A CONFERENCE TITLE, A HEISMAN TROPHY AND THE SANITY OF A CITY ARE ALL PART OF THE STAKES AS ARCHENEMIES USC AND UCLA PREPARE FOR THEIR BACKYARD SHOWDOWN
  239. ↑Hudson, Maryann (November 19, 1992). "A Run for the Roses : O.J. Simpson's 64-Yarder Against UCLA Helped Send USC on to Pasadena and a National Championship". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on October 25, 2022. Retrieved October 25, 2022. UCLA was 7-0-1 and USC was 8-1, having lost the week before to Oregon State. This game was for the national championship …
  240. ↑ Written at Pasadena, California. "Collegiate Football Title At Stake In Rose Bowl". Palladium–Item. Richmond, Indiana. Associated Press. January 1, 1969. Archived from the original on November 2, 2022. Retrieved November 1, 2022.
  241. ↑"State in top billing battle". Reading Eagle. Pennsylvania. United Press International. December 2, 1969. p. 32. Archived from the original on March 9, 2023. Retrieved March 9, 2023. Texas, the nation's No. 1 team, will play Arkansas the No. 3 club, while Penn State, ranked second, waits for either to falter. The UPI national championship will be decided next Tuesday. Ratings are based on regular season performances and do not include post season play.
  242. ↑"Final No. 1". Reading Eagle. Pennsylvania. United Press International. December 9, 1969. p. 36. Archived from the original on March 9, 2023. Retrieved March 9, 2023.
  243. ↑The final Coaches Poll was released prior to the bowl games, in early December.
  244. ↑"College 'Super Bowl' Set Up: Nebraska, Alabama Rank 1–2 in Both Polls". Lincoln Journal Star. Compiled from News Wires. November 30, 1971. Archived from the original on February 26, 2023. Retrieved February 26, 2023. ...college football's version of the Super Bowl. It will take place on New Year's Night in Miami's Orange Bowl when the two leaders clash for the national championship.
  245. 12 Written at New York. "Award for top team delayed". The Times-News. Twin Falls, Idaho. United Press International. December 7, 1971. Archived from the original on March 9, 2023. Retrieved March 8, 2023. ...it was decided not to award a championship by ballot but rather to let these teams meet on the field and play for the MacArthur Bowl.
  246. ↑National Football Foundation announced on December 7 that the winner of the Orange Bowl would receive the MacArthur Bowl, and that Nebraska and Alabama would be co-champions in the case of a tie.[245] The trophy was awarded to Nebraska on the field following the game.
  247. ↑Prugh, Jeff (January 1, 1973). "ROSE BOWL COACHES AGREE: Trojans, Bukeyes Battle for No. 1". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on April 11, 2023. Retrieved October 29, 2022. Well, the college football world can stop arguing about who will be No. 1 after today's Rose Bowl game.
  248. 12 Written at New York. "Title at Stake in Sugar Bowl". The Kansas City Times. Kansas City, Missouri. Associated Press. December 3, 1973. Archived from the original on March 8, 2023. Retrieved March 8, 2023. "A championship can only truly be settled on the playing field." Richard Kazmaier, chairman of the awards committee, said in announcing that this year the committee would not vote for the MacArthur Bowl winner.
  249. ↑Nissenson, Herschel (December 31, 1973). "In Sugar Bowl Grid Title Decided Tonight". The Palladium–Item. Richmond, Indiana. Associated Press. Archived from the original on October 25, 2022. Retrieved October 24, 2022.
  250. ↑National Football Foundation announced on December 2 that the winner of the Sugar Bowl would receive the MacArthur Bowl, and that Alabama and Notre Dame would be co-champions in the case of a tie.[248]
  251. 123 Written at New York. "UPI Coaches Select USC No. 1". The Crowly Post–Signal. Crowley, Louisiana. UPI. January 3, 1979. Archived from the original on February 25, 2023. Retrieved February 25, 2023. Alabama, 11–1, toppled previously top-ranked Penn State, 14–7, in the Sugar Bowl game that was billed as the battle for the championship because the Nittany Lions went into the game ranked No. 1 and Alabama was rated No. 2.
  252. ↑Game was billed as the national championship game for both major polls, each ranking Penn State No. 1 and Alabama No. 2.[251] The AP Poll consequently awarded their national championship to the winner.Despite the No. 1 vs. No. 2 showdown in their own poll, the Coaches Poll instead selected No. 3 USC (who in September had handed Alabama their only loss of the season) following the bowls.After hearing the news a disappointed Bear Bryant stated: "The UPI Board of Coaches demonstrated a lack of consistency with this vote, as their No. 1 and No. 2 teams played in what the vast majority of the nation viewed as their national championship game."[251]
  253. ↑ Written at Dallas. "Mustangs Not Counting Out National Title Bid". The Times Recorder. Zanesville, Ohio. Associated Press. January 1, 1983. Archived from the original on February 20, 2023. Retrieved February 20, 2023. No. 1–ranked unbeaten and untied Georgia and No. 2–ranked once-beaten Penn State meet in the Sugar Bowl New Year's night for what is being billed as "the national championship game."
  254. 121984 Orange Bowl (Television production). Miami Orange Bowl: NBC. January 2, 1984. Orange Bowl Next — For the National Championship — #4 Miami vs #1 Nebraska
  255. ↑Nissenson, Herschel (December 16, 1984). "Who's No. 1? The controversy abounds". The Times of Northwest Indiana. Associated Press. Archived from the original on October 24, 2022. Retrieved October 24, 2022. Brigham Young's opponents as a group have a losing record; how can a team like that be the national champion?" said Nick Crane, chairman of the team selection committee. "As far as the Orange Bowl is concerned, we think ours is a national championship game (between No. 2 Oklahoma and No. 4 Washington).
  256. ↑Gastineau, Mike. Fear No Man: Don James, the '91 Huskies, and the Seven-year Quest for a National Football Championship. University of Washington Press. p. 7.
  257. ↑No. 1 Brigham Young won the Holiday Bowl on December 21. No. 3 Florida would not play in a bowl game due to NCAA sanctions.
  258. ↑Davis, Ken (January 1, 1986). Written at Miami. "Numbers Game Comes Down To One-on-One". Hartford Courant. Hartford, Connecticut. Archived from the original on February 21, 2023. Retrieved February 20, 2023. In the minds of most people, tonight's Orange Bowl game between No. 1 Penn State and No. 3 Oklahoma will decide the national championship. ... here in sunny and warm Miami everyone is calling the Orange Bowl the national championship game.
  259. 12Wine, Steven (January 2, 1989). Written at Miami. "'Canes need big win to have shot". The Times–News. Twin Falls, Idaho. Associated Press. Archived from the original on February 20, 2023. Retrieved February 19, 2023. Monday afternoon's Fiesta Bowl between No. 1 Notre Dame and No. 3 West Virginia, both 11–0, is billed as the national championship game.
  260. ↑No. 2 Penn State won the Rose Bowl the following day.
  261. ↑1996 Fiesta Bowl (Television production). Sun Devil Stadium: CBS Sports. January 2, 1996. Event occurs at 1:44. Retrieved January 6, 2026. And that's not the only one... on behalf of the Bowl Alliance, it is the first-ever Great Games national championship trophy. ... The Great Games Trophy on behalf of college football's Alliance.
  262. ↑1998 Orange Bowl (Television production). Miami Orange Bowl: CBS. January 2, 1998. Also here, commissioner of the Big-12 conference, Steve Hatchell to present the Alliance trophy.
  263. 12345Rosenblatt, Richard (December 8, 1997). "Bowl Alliance hopes for best: Without Michigan, Orange Bowl cheers for Washington State". The Daily News–Journal. Murfreesboro, Tennessee. Associated Press. Archived from the original on October 31, 2022. Retrieved October 31, 2022. We're billing this as the alliance national championship, which it is. Obviously if Michigan loses, it becomes the national championship. If they win, we're hoping for a split in the polls.
  264. ↑No. 2 Arizona State lost the Rose Bowl on January 1, making the January 2 Sugar Bowl a true national championship game.[263]
  265. ↑No. 1 Michigan won the Rose Bowl and would be voted national champions by the AP Poll. Lacking the No. 1 team, the Orange Bowl was billed as the "Alliance National Championship".[263]
  266. ↑Wieberg, Steve (July 12, 2005). "New Harris poll to replace AP in BCS formula". USA Today Sports. Archived from the original on October 6, 2014. Retrieved May 5, 2015.
  267. ↑"Rose Bowl OK's new deal for 12-team CFP in '24". ESPN.com. December 1, 2022. Retrieved January 21, 2025.
  268. 12Coyne, Tom (December 30, 2012). Written at South Bend, Indiana. "National titles: Who decides? Mostly, the schools". Hattiesburg American. Hattiesburg, Mississippi. Associated Press. Archived from the original on November 1, 2022. Retrieved November 1, 2022. No wonder "mythical" is the word that often precedes national title. "There is no official standard because there is no official national champion," said Kent Stephens, historian at the College Football Hall of Fame in South Bend. "It all depends on the standard the school wishes to utilize. The national champion is in the eye of the beholder."
  269. ↑Tracy, Marc (January 3, 2018). "Central Florida Claims a National Title. Want to Fight About It?". The New York Times. Archived from the original on January 4, 2018. Retrieved July 30, 2024. By Wednesday, Wikipedia—perhaps the only factual authority still widely accepted in 2018—identified Central Florida's claimed national title. Got a problem with that?
  270. ↑"Utes Finish No. 2 in AP Rankings" (Press release). Salt Lake City: University of Utah. January 9, 2009. Archived from the original on August 9, 2022. Retrieved August 8, 2022. On Not Finishing No. 1 – "While there is certainly some disappointment about not finishing No. 1, we prefer to look on the positive side."
  271. ↑Traughber, Bill (September 2, 2015). "Making the case for Vanderbilt as two-time football national champions". Commodore History Corner Archive. Vanderbilt University. Archived from the original on August 25, 2024. Retrieved August 25, 2024. Rod Williamson, Vanderbilt's Director of Athletic Communications: 'All this said, it seems to us that to suddenly declare, as others would view it, that we have won two national championships when we had not recognized them before would be anticlimactic, after the fact. Personally, I'd like to take a middle-of-the-road approach where we let history write itself, but we come up short of modifying our record book.'
  272. ↑"Princeton Football National Championships". Go Princeton Tigers. Princeton University. Archived from the original on February 4, 2018. Retrieved February 3, 2018.
  273. ↑Conn, Steve (2009). 2009 Yale Football Media Guide(PDF). Yale University. pp. 106–112. Archived from the original(PDF) on August 29, 2025. Retrieved May 5, 2015.
  274. ↑"Yale Official Athletic Site – Football by Year". Archived from the original on September 12, 2015. Retrieved May 5, 2015.
  275. ↑Maxon, Josh; Moore, Cami; Paré, Jessica; Thompson, Alex (2021). 2021 Alabama Football Media Guide(PDF). University of Alabama. pp. 3, 108–128. Archived(PDF) from the original on January 28, 2022. Retrieved March 16, 2022. National Championships – 18 – 1925, 1926, 1930, 1934, 1941, 1961, 1964, 1965, 1973, 1978, 1979, 1992, 2009, 2011, 2012, 2015, 2017, 2020
  276. ↑Eisendrath, Zach; Satterfield, Derek, eds. (2014). 2014 University of Michigan Football Media Guide(PDF). University of Michigan. pp. 2, 183. Archived(PDF) from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved May 5, 2015.
  277. ↑Michigan Football National Champions 1901, 1902, 1903, 1904, 1918, 1923, 1932, 1933, 1947, 1948, 1997, 2023 (Tunnel Sign). Michigan Stadium: University of Michigan. April 11, 2024. Archived from the original on May 10, 2024. Retrieved May 9, 2024.
  278. ↑Bertsch, Michael; Masters, Chris; Torbin, Leigh (2014). Notre Dame Football 2014 Media Guide. University of Notre Dame. pp. 2, 157. Archived from the original on April 30, 2015. Retrieved May 5, 2015– via Issuu.
  279. ↑Notre Dame Fighting Irish football National Champions 1924, 1929, 1930, 1943, 1946, 1947, 1949, 1966, 1973, 1977, 1988 (Stadium Sign). Notre Dame Stadium locker room: University of Notre Dame. 2014. Retrieved March 16, 2022.
  280. ↑"NCAA University of Southern California Public Infractions Report"(PDF). Indianapolis: National Collegiate Athletic Association. June 10, 2010. p. 58. Archived(PDF) from the original on November 7, 2015. Retrieved May 5, 2015.
  281. ↑USC Sports Information Office (2014). 2014 USC Football Media Guide(PDF). University of Southern California. p. 114. Archived(PDF) from the original on November 4, 2015. Retrieved May 5, 2015.
  282. ↑USC Trojans National Champions 1928, 1931, 1932, 1939, 1962, 1967, 1972, 1974, 1978, 2003, 2004 (Stadium Sign). Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum: University of Southern California. October 24, 2009. Archived from the original on July 10, 2023. Retrieved July 9, 2023.
  283. ↑"Ohio State Football Championship Teams & National Award Winners"(PDF). The Ohio State University Department of Athletics. 2018. Archived(PDF) from the original on March 12, 2022. Retrieved March 12, 2022. Ohio State's National Champion Teams: 2014, 2002, 1970, 1968, 1961, 1957, 1954, 1942
  284. ↑Ohio State Buckeyes football National Champions 1942, 1954, 1957, 1961, 1968, 1970, 2002, 2014 (Stadium Sign). Ohio Stadium: Ohio State University. 2015. Archived from the original on March 13, 2022. Retrieved March 12, 2022.
  285. ↑"1914 National Championships". College Football Data Warehouse. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved December 10, 2025.
  286. ↑"1958 National Championships". College Football Data Warehouse. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved December 10, 2025.
  287. ↑"2004 National Championships". College Football Data Warehouse. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved December 10, 2025.
  288. ↑"National Championships". Auburn University Athletics. 2025. Archived from the original on August 23, 2025. Retrieved August 23, 2025. Auburn has earned 30 National Championships. [...] 9 - Football: 2010, 2004, 1993, 1983, 1958, 1957, 1914, 1913, 1910
  289. ↑Auburn Tigers National Champions 1957 2010 (Stadium Sign). Jordan-Hare Stadium: Auburn University. 2018. Archived from the original on March 9, 2022. Retrieved March 8, 2022.
  290. ↑National Championships 1910, 1913, 1914, 1957, 1958, 1983, 1993, 2004, 2010 (Stadium Sign). Jordan-Hare Stadium: Auburn University. 2025. Archived from the original on August 23, 2025. Retrieved August 23, 2025.
  291. ↑Borghetti, E.J.; Feeley, Ted; Welsh, Celeste; et al., eds. (2014). 2014 Pitt Football Media Guide(PDF). Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh. p. 130. Archived from the original(PDF) on November 30, 2018. Retrieved May 5, 2015.
  292. ↑Pitt Football Nine-Time National Champions (Stadium Sign). Heinz Field: University of Pittsburgh. 2009. Retrieved May 12, 2022.
  293. ↑"Media Center: Harvard Crimson Football – National Championships". Official Website of Harvard Athletics. Harvard University. Archived from the original on May 18, 2015. Retrieved May 5, 2015.
  294. ↑Harvard Crimson football National Champions 1890, 1898, 1899, 1910, 1912, 1913, 1919 (Stadium Sign). Harvard Stadium: Harvard University. 2004. Archived from the original on June 2, 2022. Retrieved March 20, 2022.
  295. ↑"Golden Gophers National Champions – University of Minnesota Athletics". University of Minnesota Athletics Department. Archived from the original on December 15, 2018. Retrieved December 11, 2018.
  296. ↑Minnesota Golden Gophers football National Championships 1904, 1934, 1935, 1936, 1940, 1941, 1960 (Stadium Sign). Huntington Bank Stadium: University of Minnesota. 2021. Archived from the original on June 1, 2022. Retrieved March 16, 2022.
  297. ↑"OU History & Tradition – 7 National Championships". SoonerSports.com. University of Oklahoma Department of Intercollegiate Athletics. Archived from the original on May 18, 2015. Retrieved May 5, 2015.
  298. ↑University of Oklahoma National Champions 1950, 1955, 1956, 1974, 1975, 1985, 2000 (Stadium Sign). Memorial Stadium: University of Oklahoma. 2011. Archived from the original on June 1, 2022. Retrieved March 12, 2022.
  299. ↑Cunha, Steve (September 14, 2021). 2021 Penn Football Fact Book(PDF). University of Pennsylvania Office of Athletic Communications. pp. 6, 60–61. Archived(PDF) from the original on March 10, 2022. Retrieved March 10, 2022. Seven-Time National Champions
  300. ↑"National Champions – Michigan State University Athletics". msuspartans.com. Michigan State Athletics. Archived from the original on February 24, 2021. Retrieved December 11, 2018.
  301. ↑Michigan State Spartans football 6 National Championships 1951, 1952, 1955, 1957, 1965, 1966 (Stadium Sign). Spartan Stadium: Michigan State University. 2013. Archived from the original on March 9, 2022. Retrieved March 9, 2022.
  302. ↑"Tennessee National Championships — Football (6) — 1938, 1940, 1950, 1951, 1967, 1998". University of Tennessee Athletics. Archived from the original on March 7, 2023. Retrieved April 15, 2023.
  303. ↑Tennessee Volunteers football National Champions 1938, 1940, 1950, 1951, 1967, 1998 (Stadium Sign). Neyland Stadium: University of Tennessee. 2010. Retrieved December 8, 2021.
  304. ↑Szczepinski, Eric (ed.). 2024 Army West Point Football Media Guide(PDF). U.S. Military Academy Office of Athletic Communication. pp. 105–107, 187. Archived(PDF) from the original on August 27, 2024. Retrieved August 26, 2024. 5 National Championships (1914, 1916, 1944, 1945, & 1946)
  305. ↑Army Football National Champions 1914, 1916, 1944, 1945, 1946 (Stadium Sign). Michie Stadium: United States Military Academy. 2024. Archived from the original on September 4, 2024. Retrieved September 4, 2024.
  306. ↑"Cal National Champions — National Team Champions — Football (5)". Cal Athletics. April 17, 2013. Archived from the original on July 3, 2016. Retrieved May 1, 2023. 1920, 1921, 1922, 1923, 1937
  307. ↑Over a Century of Tradition(PDF). Cornell Athletics Communications Office. 2015. p. 3. Archived(PDF) from the original on December 5, 2014. Retrieved May 5, 2015.
  308. ↑Cornell University — Football Champions — 1915, 1921, 1922, 1923, 1939 (Trophies). Schoellkopf Field: Cornell University. August 17, 2015. Archived from the original on October 7, 2015. Retrieved July 9, 2023.
  309. ↑Brown, Kent, ed. (2014). 2014 Illinois Football Record Book(PDF). University of Illinois Division of Intercollegiate Athletics. p. 114. Archived from the original(PDF) on January 15, 2019. Retrieved May 5, 2015.
  310. ↑Illinois Fighting Illini football National Champions 1914, 1919, 1923, 1927, 1951 (Stadium Sign). Memorial Stadium: University of Illinois. 2013. Archived from the original on September 9, 2022. Retrieved January 12, 2022.
  311. ↑2022 Iowa Football Media Guide(PDF). University of Iowa Athletic Department. 2022. pp. 2, 151, 196, 202. Archived(PDF) from the original on August 4, 2022. Retrieved August 7, 2022. Iowa Quick Facts – National Champions: 1921, 1922, 1956, 1958, 1960 | the Hawkeyes were named national champions by the Football Writers Association in 1958, and by various rating services in 1921, 1922, 1956, and 1960. | Mythical National Champions – Iowa football has been voted mythical national champions by different media services on five occasions. 1921, 1922, 1956, 1958, 1960
  312. ↑"Hurricanes Football History & Records". University of Miami Athletics. Archived from the original on November 2, 2015. Retrieved May 5, 2015.
  313. ↑Miami Hurricanes football National Champions 1983, 1987, 1989, 1991, 2001 (Stadium Sign). Orange Bowl: University of Miami. 2008. Archived from the original on November 19, 2022. Retrieved March 16, 2022.
  314. ↑"Nebraska's Five National Titles". University of Nebraska Athletic Department. Archived from the original on December 21, 2020. Retrieved January 11, 2022.
  315. ↑Nebraska Cornhuskers football National Champions 1970, 1971, 1994, 1995, 1997 (Stadium Sign). Memorial Stadium: University of Nebraska–Lincoln. 2011. Archived from the original on June 1, 2022. Retrieved January 11, 2022.
  316. ↑"Georgia National Championships — Football (4) — 1942, 1980, 2021, 2022". georgiadogs.com. Archived from the original on April 16, 2023. Retrieved April 15, 2023. The 1927, 1946, 1968 teams were also recognized as National Champions but these were not consensus and thus not officially recognized as National Championships.
  317. ↑Georgia Bulldogs football National Champions 1942, 1980, 2021, 2022 (Stadium Sign). Sanford Stadium: University of Georgia. 2023. Archived from the original on April 16, 2023. Retrieved April 15, 2023.
  318. ↑"2018 Information Guide"(PDF). ramblinwreck.com. Georgia Tech Athletics. pp. 149–150. Archived(PDF) from the original on July 25, 2018. Retrieved December 7, 2018.
  319. ↑Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets football National Champions 1917, 1928, 1952, 1990 (Stadium Sign). Bobby Dodd Stadium: Georgia Institute of Technology. 2004. Retrieved March 12, 2022.
  320. ↑Bonnette, Michael, ed. (2014). 2014 LSU Football Media Guide(PDF). LSU Sports Information Office. pp. 16–18. Archived(PDF) from the original on September 3, 2014. Retrieved May 5, 2015.
  321. ↑LSU Tigers football National Champions 1958, 2003, 2007, 2019 (Stadium Sign). Tiger Stadium: Louisiana State University. 2021. Retrieved March 13, 2022.
  322. ↑Bianco, John (2014). 2014 Texas Football AdvoCare V100 Texas Bowl Guide(PDF). University of Texas at Austin. p. 120. Archived(PDF) from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved May 5, 2015.
  323. ↑Texas Longhorns football National Champions '63, '69, '70, '05 (Stadium Sign). Texas Memorial Stadium: University of Texas. 2010. Archived from the original on June 1, 2022. Retrieved March 13, 2022.
  324. ↑"Clemson National Champions 1981 | 2016 | 2018"(PDF). Clemson University. Archived(PDF) from the original on March 12, 2022. Retrieved March 12, 2022.
  325. ↑Clemson Tigers football: 1981, 2016, 2018 (Stadium Sign). Memorial Stadium: Clemson University. 2020. Archived from the original on June 1, 2022. Retrieved March 12, 2022.
  326. ↑"GatorZone.com: Gator Football History". University Athletic Association. Archived from the original on May 6, 2015. Retrieved May 5, 2015.
  327. ↑Florida Gators football National Champions 1996, 2006, 2008 (Stadium Sign). Ben Hill Griffin Stadium: University of Florida. 2009. Retrieved March 13, 2022.
  328. ↑"2018 Media Guide"(PDF). seminoles.com. Florida State Athletics. pp. 183–184. Archived(PDF) from the original on September 2, 2018. Retrieved November 13, 2018.
  329. ↑Florida State Seminoles football National Champions 1993, 1999, 2013 (Stadium Sign). Doak Campbell Stadium: Florida State University. 2017. Retrieved March 13, 2022.
  330. ↑LaBella, Phil (2014). 2014 Lafayette Football Media Guide(PDF). Lafayette Athletics Communications. p. 6. Archived(PDF) from the original on December 22, 2014. Retrieved May 5, 2015.
  331. ↑Ole Miss Rebels football National Champions '59, '60, '62 (Stadium Sign). Vaught–Hemingway Stadium: University of Mississippi. 2017. Retrieved March 13, 2022.
  332. ↑Olsen, Lindsey; Sutton, Brad; Hudson, Herman, eds. (2022). 2022 SMU Football Media Guide(PDF). Southern Methodist University Athletics. pp. 1, 96, 113. Archived(PDF) from the original on April 17, 2023. Retrieved April 17, 2023. National Championships: 3 (1935, 1981 & 1982)
  333. ↑SMU national championship trophies — 1935, 1981, 1982 (Trophies). Gerald J. Ford Stadium Heritage Hall: SMU Mustangs football. June 17, 2024.
  334. ↑"2018 Media Guide"(PDF). 12thman.com. Texas A&M Athletics. pp. 45–47. Archived(PDF) from the original on October 31, 2018. Retrieved October 30, 2018.
  335. ↑Texas A&M Aggies football National Champions 1919, 1927, 1939 (Stadium Sign). Kyle Field: Texas A&M University. 2012. Retrieved March 13, 2022.
  336. ↑"Feature Story: Chicago Football Eras". The University of Chicago Athletics. University of Chicago Campus and Student Life. October 8, 2012. Archived from the original on July 7, 2015. Retrieved May 5, 2015.
  337. 12"Columbia Football 2021 Record Book"(PDF). Columbia University Athletics. pp. 240–241, 244. Archived(PDF) from the original on September 9, 2021. Retrieved March 10, 2022. Columbia has claimed two mythical national championships: in 1875 and 1933. The 1875 team went 4–1–1 and was named national champions, while the 1933 squad defeated Stanford and was referred to as a national champ.
  338. ↑"Championship History – Penn State University Athletics". Pennsylvania State Athletics. Archived from the original on December 15, 2018. Retrieved December 11, 2018.
  339. ↑Penn State Nittany Lions football honored seasons, including 1982 and 1986 national championships (Stadium Sign). Beaver Stadium: Pennsylvania State University. 2007. Retrieved March 16, 2022.
  340. ↑"Stanford Football History". Stanford University Department of Athletics. Archived from the original on April 11, 2015. Retrieved May 5, 2015.
  341. ↑Swegan, Scott; Lowery, Nate (2021). 2021 Stanford Football Media Guide(PDF). Stanford University Athletic Communications Department. p. 76. Retrieved March 18, 2022. National Championships – 1926, 1940The 1926 team was declared national champions by the Dickinson System, Helms Athletic Foundation, National Championship Foundation and Sagarin Ratings. Although Minnesota was declared national champions in the final 1940 Associated Press Poll, which was the best-known and most widely circulated poll of sportswriters and broadcasters in determining the national champion, Stanford was recognized as national champions by the Billingsley Report, Helms Athletic Foundation and Poling System.
  342. ↑Cohen, Mark (2014). 2014 TCU Football Fact Book. TCU Athletics Media Relations Office. pp. 2, 129. Archived from the original on September 5, 2015. Retrieved May 5, 2015– via Issuu.
  343. ↑TCU Horned Frogs football National Champions 1935, 1938 (Stadium Sign). Amon G. Carter Stadium: Texas Christian University. 2016. Retrieved March 13, 2022.
  344. ↑Washington Huskies football National Champions 1960, 1991 (Stadium Sign). Husky Stadium: University of Washington. 2007. Retrieved March 16, 2022.
  345. ↑Parkinson, Kyle; Grigg, Oliver; Tafolla, Grace, eds. (2022). "1964 National Champions". Arkansas Razorbacks 2022 Media Guide(PDF). University of Arkansas and Learfield. pp. 4, 114. Retrieved May 1, 2023.
  346. ↑Oslin, Reid (November 10, 2015). "The 1940 Team of Destiny". bceagles.com. Boston College Athletics. Retrieved June 1, 2022. Boston College, Minnesota and Stanford were all crowned as "National Champions" by various media outlets – and each school has a case for the right to fly the 1940 championship banner. In the East and South, sentiment was strong in favor of the Eagles: the sports editor of the New York Herald Tribune wrote that the victory over Tennessee "entitled Boston College to be the undefeated champions of the United States." Twenty-five years after the Sugar Bowl game, in 1966, The Boston Globe sponsored a gala downtown honoring the declared 1940 National Champions. [...] But now – 75 years later – let's all raise our glasses and our voices to a National Championship pennant that can fly proudly and rightfully in Chestnut Hill.
  347. ↑Harris, Otis (December 2, 1940). "As we were saying". The Shreveport Journal. Vol. 44, no. 285. Shreveport, Louisiana. p. 14. Retrieved March 5, 2023– via Newspapers.com. [T]he game will come closer than any other that will be played to identifying the national champion.
  348. ↑Digby, Fred (January 1, 1941). "The Game Today". Seventh Annual Sugar Bowl Classic Souvenir Program. pp. 27, 71. Retrieved March 5, 2023– via Digital Public Library of America. Each will be out to the limit in speed, stamina and spirit to capture the honors in this classic which could rightfully be heralded as for the national football championship.
  349. ↑ Written at New Orleans. "Boston College homebound after joyous celebration in New Orleans following Sugar Bowl win". The Shreveport Times. Vol. LXVIII, no. 213. Shreveport, Louisiana. January 3, 1941. p. 10. Retrieved March 5, 2023– via Newspapers.com. 'The Eagles not only earned the national championship but they proved the greatest team ever to play in the Sugar Bowl,' said Fred Digby of the New Orleans Item.
  350. ↑"Boston College Football 2021 Record Book"(PDF). Boston College Athletics Department. 2021. Archived(PDF) from the original on September 5, 2021. Retrieved March 10, 2022. 1940 — An undefeated (11–0) season, capped by the Sugar Bowl championship and the claim of a national championship made this arguably the greatest season in Eagle football annals. [...] On Jan. 1, the Eagles would lay claim to the national championship with a 19–13 victory over Tennessee in the Sugar Bowl.
  351. ↑"1984 National Championship". BYUCougars.com: The Official Site of Brigham Young Athletics. 2011. Archived from the original on April 10, 2015. Retrieved May 5, 2015.
  352. ↑BYU Cougars football 1984 National Champions (Stadium Sign). LaVell Edwards Stadium: Brigham Young University. 2008. Retrieved March 16, 2022.
  353. ↑"Centre College to be inducted into Kentucky Pro Football Hall of Fame". January 1, 2014. Archived from the original on December 16, 2018. Retrieved December 13, 2018.
  354. ↑"1990 National Champions". CUBuffs.com. Archived from the original on March 21, 2019. Retrieved December 13, 2018.
  355. ↑Colorado Buffaloes football 1990 National Champions (Stadium Sign). Folsom Field: University of Colorado. 2016. Retrieved March 16, 2022.
  356. ↑"Dartmouth — National Champions (Teams) — Football — 1925". Dartmouth College Athletics. September 27, 2018. Retrieved May 1, 2023.
  357. ↑"Detroit Titans Football". University of Detroit Mercy Athletics. Archived from the original on April 29, 2022. Retrieved April 29, 2022. The undefeated 1928 U-D squad was deemed a Co-national champion, along with Georgia Tech, by Parker[sic] Davis.
  358. ↑"2015 Football Media Guide". University of Kentucky Athletics. August 2015. p. 100. Archived from the original on August 6, 2015. Retrieved August 14, 2015.
  359. ↑"Terrapin Team Titles: University of Maryland National Championships". Maryland Athletics, University of Maryland. 2015. Archived from the original on October 10, 2017. Retrieved May 5, 2015.
  360. ↑Maryland Terrapins football National Championships 1953 (Stadium Sign). Maryland Stadium: University of Maryland. 2015. Retrieved March 16, 2022.
  361. ↑2021 Navy Football Media Guide(PDF). Naval Academy Athletic Association. 2021. pp. 8–9. Archived(PDF) from the original on September 21, 2021. Retrieved March 23, 2022. In today's modern era, three undefeated teams with nearly identical records would cause a stir among fans and pollsters alike. This was the case when Navy earned its lone national championship in 1926, as the Midshipmen shared the honor with Stanford and Alabama.A 7–7 tie between Alabama and Stanford in the 1926 Rose Bowl gave the Cardinal a 10–0–1 mark, while the Crimson Tide and the Mids each had identical 9–0–1 records.The [Army–Navy Game] tie gave the Midshipmen a share of the national championship, as a pair of polls (sic), Boand and Houlgate, named Navy the national champion.
  362. ↑"AFCA Recognizes Oklahoma State as 1945 National Champion". October 13, 2016. Archived from the original on March 12, 2022. Retrieved March 12, 2022.
  363. ↑Oklahoma State 1945 National Champions (Stadium Sign). Boone Pickens Stadium: Oklahoma State University. 2019. Retrieved March 12, 2022.
  364. ↑"National Championships". Rutgers University Athletics. Retrieved January 10, 2023.
  365. ↑Edson, Sue Cornelius, ed. (2014). 2014 Syracuse University Football Media Guide(PDF). Syracuse University Athletic Communications Department. pp. 6, 107. Archived(PDF) from the original on March 5, 2016. Retrieved May 5, 2015.
  366. ↑Syracuse Orange football National Champions 1959 (Stadium Banner). Carrier Dome: Syracuse University. 2021. Retrieved March 16, 2022.
  367. ↑"2018 Football Media Guide"(PDF). UCFKnights.com. UCF Athletics. p. 89. Archived from the original(PDF) on August 22, 2018. Retrieved August 21, 2018.
  368. ↑UCF Knights 2017 National Champions (Stadium Sign). Spectrum Stadium: University of Central Florida. 2018. Retrieved March 11, 2022.
  369. ↑2014 UCLA Football Media Guide(PDF). UCLA Sports Information Office. 2014. pp. 90, 108. Archived(PDF) from the original on September 3, 2014. Retrieved May 5, 2015.
  370. ↑UCLA National Champions 1954 (Stadium Sign). Rose Bowl press box: University of California, Los Angeles. September 1, 2008. Retrieved January 11, 2023.
  371. ↑This table uses the same sources as those listed in the Claims by school table above.
  372. ↑Koger, Jim (1970). "The history of the National Intercollegiate Football Championship ... 1900–1969". National Champions. Columbus, Georgia: Atlantic Publishing Company. 1903: Michigan, Minnesota, Princeton | 1913: Chicago, Harvard, Notre Dame
  373. ↑Whitney, Caspar (January 1905). Whitney, Caspar (ed.). "The Sportsman's View-Point: 1904 Ranking Football Teams". Outing. Vol. XLV, no. 4. Outing Publishing Company. pp. 493–499. Retrieved January 26, 2024. This ranking is not based only on comparative scores, but on style of play, conditions under which games were contested, relative importance of games on the schedule—especially with regard to each teams's "big" game, for which it was particularly trained—as well as the season's all-round record of the elevens under discussion. My particular interest in the study is its object lesson on comparative football development throughout the country. No college is eligible for consideration here whose disregard of wholesome sport has been patent and persistent, or whose team has played an ineligible man.
  374. ↑"Yale's was the best football eleven". Harrisburg Star-Independent. December 31, 1904. p. 4. Retrieved June 1, 2022.
  375. ↑Libby, Bill (1975). Champions of College Football. Hawthorne Books, Inc. pp. 11–14. ISBN 0-8015-1196-8.
  376. ↑"World Almanac Selections". College Football Data Warehouse. Archived from the original on March 15, 2016. Retrieved May 20, 2022. Data created by: World Almanac
  377. ↑"Football, Intercollegiate Season, 1914.". The World Almanac (1915). 1915. p. 865.
  378. ↑"Alexander Weyand Selections". College Football Data Warehouse. Archived from the original on March 24, 2016. Retrieved May 20, 2022. Data created by: Alexander M. Weyand — Data obtained from: "The Real National Champions"
  379. ↑Weyand, Alexander M. (1926). American Football, Its History and Development. New York: D. Appleton and Company. p. 278. Harvard and the Army Powerful, 1914 | Although the Army was the only one of the larger teams to win all games, the majority of the critics favored Harvard for the championship. (Note: The author, Alexander Weyand, was an All-American player on the Army team in 1914.)
  380. ↑SR 8715 — Honoring the 99th Anniversary of the National Champion 1915 Washington State College Football Team (Resolution). Washington State Senate. March 7, 2014.
  381. ↑Weyand, Alexander M. (1926). American Football, Its History and Development. New York: D. Appleton and Company. p. 321. 1917 The famous 'Golden Tornado' of Georgia 'Tech.' coached by John W. Heisman (Pennsylvania) gained national recognition through the overwhelming defeat of Pennsylvania, and was entitled to rank with Pittsburgh as the best in the nation.
  382. ↑Weyand, Alexander M. (1926). American Football, Its History and Development. New York: D. Appleton and Company. p. 381. Undoubtedly the most spectacular team was Notre Dame, ranked by some critics as the strongest team in the country at the close of the season.
  383. ↑Wood, Frank E. (December 4, 1929). "National Football Standings: Utah, Tennessee, Pittsburgh, Tulane". Somerset Daily Herald. Central Press Association. Retrieved November 20, 2023.
  384. ↑Wood, Frank E. (December 8, 1931). "Tulane Is National Champion, Wood Says". Wisconsin State Journal. Central Press. Retrieved February 28, 2023. Tulane University, the pride of the south, is gridiron champion of the United States, the national football standings show.
  385. ↑Levandusky, J. F. (January 11, 1935). "Here's a little incident that happened after the Rose Bowl game". Waukegan News-Sun. Waukegan, Illinois. Retrieved January 31, 2023. Last year Stanford was [Houlgate's] choice and the presentation of the trophy was scheduled to take place after the Alabama–Stanford battle.
  386. ↑"Massey Ratings (1930–1998)". MasseyRatings.com. Archived from the original on March 14, 2016. Retrieved May 17, 2022.
  387. ↑Michelson, Paul (November 30, 1936). Written at New York. "Gridiron Hits Dizziest Year; Bearcats Win Title". Arizona Republic. Phoenix, AZ. Associated Press. p. 11. Retrieved June 30, 2023.
  388. ↑ Written at New York. "Mathematically St. Vincent Champion". The Indiana Gazette. Indiana, PA. Associated Press. December 1, 1936. p. 6. Retrieved July 1, 2023. the St. Vincent College Bearcats of Latrobe, Pa., are the undisputed national champions: By arithmetic
  389. ↑"Houlgate Lists Tulane First". Chattanooga Daily Times. December 17, 1939. Retrieved August 12, 2023. Final ratings: 1. Tulane, B, 36
  390. ↑Baker, Dr. L. H. (1945). "The Nation's Leading Teams, 1869–1944 | College and Service Teams' 1944 Ratings and Ranks (Compiled by Dr. L. H. Baker)". Football: Facts & Figures. New York: Farrar & Rinehart. pp. 644–645. No. 1 Randolph Field 958, No. 2 Army 951 — The ratings listed here have been computed by a method devised by the author. It consists of a combination of a modification of the Dickinson method plus one used by the author for several years. This combination has proved highly accurate.
  391. ↑"Washington Touchdown Club Selections". College Football Data Warehouse. Archived from the original on March 15, 2016. Retrieved June 2, 2022.
  392. 123"DC Touchdown Club Award Winners". DC Touchdown Club. Retrieved June 2, 2022.
  393. ↑"NATIONAL CHAMPS — Auburn wins Trib national crown". The Eufaula Tribune. Eufaula, Alabama. January 5, 2005. Archived from the original on August 30, 2014. Retrieved October 28, 2023. Auburn received all six first place votes in The Eufaula Tribune's post season football poll, making them national champions.
  394. ↑Strege, John (December 29, 2016). "Former Auburn football coach still thrilled that Tigers were Golf Digest's mythical national champions". Golf Digest. Retrieved October 28, 2023.
  395. ↑Szvetitz, Mike (January 27, 2005). Written at Auburn, Alabama. "Auburn University football team awarded People's Championship". Opelika-Auburn News. Opelika, Alabama. Retrieved October 28, 2023.
  396. ↑ "2010 Foundation for the Analysis of Competitions and Tournaments Selections ("FACT")" . Archivado del original el 30 de septiembre de 2011. Recuperado el 17 de mayo de 2022. 1 Auburn — 72.49 — Co-Campeón* | 2 Oregon — 71.42 — Co-Campeón* | *David Rothman escribió: "Los equipos que estén a 1.8 puntos del líder comparten automáticamente el título de FACT. Cualquier otro equipo que esté a 3.0 puntos del líder lo comparte a mi discreción".
  397. ↑ "2014 Foundation for the Analysis of Competitions and Tournaments Selections ("FACT")" . Archivado del original el 14 de febrero de 2015. Recuperado el 10 de julio de 2022. 1 Ohio State — 81.81 — FACT Co-campeón* | 2 Oregon — 80.67 — FACT Co-campeón* | 3 Alabama – 79.45 – FACT Co-campeón* | 4 TCU – 79.35 – FACT Co-campeón* | *David Rothman escribió: "Los equipos que estén a 1.8 puntos del líder comparten automáticamente el título de FACT. Cualquier otro equipo que esté a 3.0 puntos del líder lo comparte a mi discreción".
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