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Lista de especies norteamericanas extintas en el Holoceno.

Mapa de América del Norte Esta es una lista de animales norteamericanos extintos en el Holoceno que abarca las extinciones de la época del Holoceno , una época geológica que com...

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Mapa de América del Norte

Esta es una lista de animales norteamericanos extintos en el Holoceno que abarca las extinciones de la época del Holoceno , una época geológica que comenzó hace unos 11.650 años (alrededor del 9700 a. C. ) [ A ] y continúa hasta nuestros días. [ 1 ]

Los animales recientemente extintos en las Antillas y Hawái figuran en sus respectivas listas. Los Cayos de Florida y Cozumel se incluyen en esta lista debido a su proximidad geográfica y geológica al continente.

Se desconocen muchas fechas de extinción debido a la falta de información relevante.

Mamíferos (clase Mammalia)

Armadillos, pampaterios y gliptodontes (orden Cingulata )

Armadillos clamifóridos y gliptodontes (familia Chlamyphoridae )

Osos hormigueros y perezosos (orden Pilosa )

Perezosos terrestres megaloníquidos (familia Megalonychidae )

Milodontes (familia Mylodontidae )

Perezosos terrestres notrotéridos (familia Nothrotheriidae )

Mamíferos parecidos a los elefantes (orden Proboscidea )

Gomfoterios (familia Gomphotheriidae )

Mastodontes (familia Mammutidae )

Elefantes y mamuts (familia Elephantidae )

Vacas marinas (orden Sirenia )

Dugongos (familia Dugongidae )

Lagomorfos (orden Lagomorpha )

Pikas (familia Ochotonidae )

Roedores (orden Rodentia )

Castores (familia Castoridae )

Hámsteres, topillos, lemmings, ratas almizcleras y ratas y ratones del Nuevo Mundo (familia Cricetidae )

Posiblemente extinto

Topos (familia Geomyidae )

Carnívoros (orden Carnivora )

Gatos (familia Felidae )

Extinto localmente

Perros (familia Canidae )

Extinto en estado salvaje

Osos (familia Ursidae )

Extinto localmente

Focas sin orejas (familia Phocidae )

Martas, turones, nutrias, tejones y comadrejas (familia Mustelidae )

Extinto en estado salvaje

Ungulados de dedos impares (orden Perissodactyla )

Caballos, asnos y cebras (familia Equidae )

Ungulados de dedos pares (orden Artiodactyla )

Camellos y llamas (familia Camelidae )

Pecaríes (familia Tayassuidae )

Ballenas grises (familia Eschrichtiidae )

Extinto localmente

Ciervos verdaderos (familia Cervidae )

Extinto localmente

Ganado vacuno, cabras, antílopes y otros (familia Bovidae )

Extinto localmente

Aves (clase Aves)

Aves terrestres (orden Galliformes )

Faisanes y parientes afines (familia Phasianidae )

Aves acuáticas (orden Anseriformes )

Patos, gansos y cisnes (familia Anatidae )

Zampullines (orden Podicipediformes )

Somormujos (familia Podicipedidae )

Vencejos, vencejos arborícolas y colibríes (orden Apodiformes )

Colibríes (familia Trochillidae )

Posiblemente extinto

Palomas y tórtolas (orden Columbiformes )

Palomas y tórtolas (familia Columbidae )

Extinto en estado salvaje

Raíles y grúas (orden Gruiformes )

Rascos (familia Rallidae )

Posiblemente extinto

Grullas (familia Gruidae )

Aves playeras (orden Charadriiformes )

Chorlitos, carambolos y avefrías (familia Charadriidae )

Correlimos (familia Scolopacidae )

Posiblemente extinto

Alcas (familia Alcidae )

Albatros y petreles (orden Procellariiformes )

Paíños boreales (familia Hydrobatidae )

Posiblemente extinto

Cigüeñas y parientes afines (orden Ciconiiformes )

Cigüeñas (familia Ciconiidae )

Buitres del Nuevo Mundo (orden Cathartiformes )

Buitres y cóndores del Nuevo Mundo (familia Cathartidae )

Extinto en estado salvaje

Teratornos (familia Teratornithidae )

Halcones y parientes (orden Accipitriformes )

Halcones, águilas, milanos, aguiluchos y buitres del Viejo Mundo (familia Accipitridae )

Búhos (orden Strigiformes )

Búhos verdaderos (familia Strigidae )

Halcones (orden Falconiformes )

Halcones y caracaras (familia Falconidae )

Pájaros carpinteros y afines (orden Piciformes )

Pájaros carpinteros (familia Picidae )

Posiblemente extinto

Loros (orden Psittaciformes )

Loros holotropicales (familia Psittacidae )

Aves posadas (orden Passeriformes )

Pinzones verdaderos (familia Fringillidae )

Sinsontes, ruiseñores, pájaros temblones y mímidos del Nuevo Mundo (familia Mimidae )

Posiblemente extinto

Mirlos del Nuevo Mundo (familia Icteridae )

Gorriones del Nuevo Mundo (familia Passerellidae )

Chochines (familia Troglodytidae )

Reinitas del Nuevo Mundo (familia Parulidae )

Posiblemente extinto

Reptiles (clase Reptilia)

Tortugas terrestres y acuáticas (orden Testudines )

Tortugas de barro y tortugas almizcleras (familia Kinosternidae )

Tortugas (familia Testudinidae )

Anfibios (clase Amphibia)

Sapos y ranas (orden Anura )

Sapos verdaderos (familia Bufonidae )

Extinto en estado salvaje

Ranas de vientre fresco (familia Craugastoridae )

Posiblemente extinto

Ranas dardo venenosas (familia Dendrobatidae )

Ranas arborícolas y afines (familia Hylidae )

Posiblemente extinto

Salamandras y tritones (orden Urodela )

Salamandras sin pulmones (familia Plethodontidae )

Peces de aletas radiadas (clase Actinopterygii)

Carpas, barbos, gobios y afines (orden Cypriniformes )

Ventosas (familia Catostomidae )

Carpas, barbos y barbudos (familia Cyprinidae )

Extinto en estado salvaje

Bagres (orden Siluriformes )

Ictalúridos (familia Ictaluridae )

Salmón, trucha y especies afines (orden Salmoniformes )

Salmón, trucha y especies afines (familia Salmonidae )

Posiblemente extinto

Pelaje plateado (orden Atheriniformes )

Pelícanos neotropicales (familia Atherinopsidae )

Posiblemente extinto

Ciprínicos (orden Cyprinodontiformes )

Peces cachorros (familia Cyprinodontidae )

Posiblemente extinto
Extinto en estado salvaje

Peces de la familia Fundulidae (Topminnows y killis norteamericanos )

Aletas hendidas (familia Goodeidae )

Extinto en estado salvaje

Poecílidos (familia Poeciliidae )

Posiblemente extinto
Extinto en estado salvaje

Peces león y escorpénidos (orden Scorpaeniformes )

Cottiidae (familia Cottidae )

Espinosos (familia Gasterosteidae )

Percas y afines (orden Perciformes )

Percas (familia Percidae )

Malacostráceos (clase Malacostraca)

Isópodos (orden Isopoda )

Cochinillas marinas (familia Sphaeromatidae )

Extinto en estado salvaje

Decápodos (orden Decapoda )

Familia Atyidae

Familia Astacidae

Familia Cambaridae

Posiblemente extinto

Anfípodos (orden Amphipoda )

Piojos de ballena (familia Cyamidae )

Insectos (clase Insecta)

Efímeras (orden Ephemeroptera )

Efímeras excavadoras de cabeza espinosa (familia Palingeniidae )

Familia Acanthametropodidae

Plecópteros (orden Plecoptera )

Plecópteros verdes (familia Chloroperlidae )

Saltamontes, grillos y chicharras (orden Orthoptera )

Saltamontes de antenas cortas (familia Acrididae )

Saltamontes (familia Tettigoniidae )

Piojos de los libros, piojos de la corteza y piojos chupadores (orden Psocodea )

Piojos del cuerpo de las gallinas (familia Menoponidae )

Posiblemente extinto

Piojos masticadores de aves (familia Philopteridae )

Posiblemente extinto

Piojos de mamíferos (familia Trichodectidae )

Posiblemente extinto

Escarabajos (orden Coleoptera )

Gorgojos verdaderos (familia Curculionidae )

Mariposas y polillas (orden Lepidoptera )

Polillas pigmeas y polillas enanas (familia Nepticulidae )

Polillas minadoras de trompeta (familia Tischeriidae )

Polillas brillantes que se mantienen erguidas sobre la cabeza (familia Argyresthiidae )

Mariposas de alas delicadas (familia Lycaenidae )

Polillas de la hierba (familia Crambidae )

Tricópteros (orden Trichoptera )

Tricópteros de cuernos largos (familia Leptoceridae )

Familia Rhyacophilidae

Arácnidos (clase Arachnida)

Orden Mesostigmata

Familia Halarachnidae

Orden Sarcoptiformes

Familia Analgidae

Familia Psoroptoididae

Familia Pterolichidae

Familia Pteronyssidae

Familia Xolalgidae

Caracoles y babosas (clase Gastropoda)

Caracoles de fango (familia Hydrobiidae )

Familia Lithoglyphidae

Familia Lottiidae

Caracoles vejiga (familia Physidae )

Caracoles planorbis (familia Planorbidae )

Pleurocéridos (familia Pleuroceridae )

Caracoles cornudos (familia Potamididae )

Bivalvos (clase Bivalvia)

Orden Unionida

Familia Unionidae

Roundworms (phylum Nematoda)

Order Rhabditida

Family Onchocercidae

Family Strongyloididae

Fungi (kingdom Fungi)

Gilled mushrooms (order Agaricales)

Thick-gilled mushrooms (family Hygrophoraceae)

Possibly extinct

Plants (kingdom Plantae)

Mosses (division Bryophyta)

Neckera mosses (family Neckeraceae)

Flowering plants (division Angiospermae)

Sunflowers (family Asteraceae)

Spiral gingers (family Costaceae)

Possibly extinct in the wild

Legumes (family Fabaceae)

Possibly extinct

Orchids (family Orchidaceae)

Coffee and relatives (family Rubiaceae)

Tea plants (family Theaceae)

Extinct in the wild

See also

Notes

  1. ↑The source gives "11,700 calendar yr b2k (before CE 2000)". But "BP" means "before CE 1950". Therefore, the Holocene began 11,650 BP. Doing the math, that is c. 9700 BCE.

References

  1. ↑Walker, Mike; Johnsen, Sigfus; Rasmussen, Sune Olander; Popp, Trevor; Steffensen, Jorgen-Peder; Gibrard, Phil; Hoek, Wim; Lowe, John; Andrews, John; Bjo Rck, Svante; Cwynar, Les C.; Hughen, Konrad; Kersahw, Peter; Kromer, Bernd; Litt, Thomas; Lowe, David J.; Nakagawa, Takeshi; Newnham, Rewi; Schwander, Jakob (2009). "Formal definition and dating of the GSSP (Global Stratotype Section and Point) for the base of the Holocene using the Greenland NGRIP ice core, and selected auxiliary records"(PDF). Journal of Quaternary Science. 24 (1): 3–17. Bibcode:2009JQS....24....3W. doi:10.1002/jqs.1227. Archived(PDF) from the original on 2013-11-04. Retrieved 2022-04-24.
  2. ↑Martin, Paul S.; Klein, Richard G. (1989). Quaternary Extinctions: A Prehistoric Revolution. University of Arizona Press. ISBN 978-0-231-03733-4.
  3. 123Stinnesbeck, S.R. (2020) Mexican Fossil Ground Sloths: A Case Study for Late Pleistocene Megafaunal Turnover in the Mexican Corridor. Doctoral dissertation.
  4. 123456789101112131415de Alvarenga Araujo, B. B. (2013) Pleistocene-Holocene Extinctions: Distinguishing Between Anthropic and Climatic Causes.
  5. ↑Lucas, S. G. Vertebrate Paleontology in New Mexico - A brief history. Vertebrate Paleontology in New Mexico: Bulletin 68, 68, 1.
  6. ↑Graham, R.W. et al. (2016). Timing and causes of mid-Holocene mammoth extinction on St. Paul Island, Alaska. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 113(33), 9310-9314.
  7. ↑Domning, D. P., Thomason, J., & Corbett, D. G. (2007). "Steller's sea cow in the Aleutian Islands". Marine Mammal Science, 23 (4), 976-983.
  8. 1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526Turvey, Sam (2009). Holocene Extinctions. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-953509-5. Retrieved 29 February 2012.
  9. ↑Feranec, R.S., & Kozlowski, A.L. (2010) "AMS radiocarbon dates from Pleistocene and Holocene mammals housed in the New York state museum, Albany, New York, USA". Radiocarbon, 52 (1), 205-208.
  10. ↑Heywood, N. C. "Gull Island Vole". Archived from the original on March 17, 2005.
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  12. ↑Álvarez-Castañeda, S.T.; Castro-Arellano, I. (2018). "Neotoma bryanti ssp. anthonyi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018 e.T14576A124171511. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T14576A124171511.en. Retrieved 8 August 2021.
  13. ↑Álvarez-Castañeda, S.T.; Castro-Arellano, I.; Lacher, T. (2018). "Neotoma bryanti ssp. bunkeri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018 e.T14577A124171652. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T14577A124171652.en. Retrieved 8 August 2021.
  14. ↑Álvarez-Castañeda, S.T.; Castro-Arellano, I.; Lacher, T. (2018). "Neotoma bryanti ssp. martinensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018 e.T14580A124171713. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T14580A124171713.en. Retrieved 8 August 2021.
  15. ↑Timm, R.; Álvarez-Castañeda, S.T.; Lacher, T. (2017). "Oryzomys nelsoni". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017 e.T15583A22388135. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T15583A22388135.en. Retrieved 8 August 2021.
  16. ↑Ainis, A. F., & Vellanoweth, R. L. (2012). "Expanding the chronology for the extinct giant island deer mouse (Peromyscus nesodytes) on San Miguel Island, California, USA". The Journal of Island and Coastal Archaeology, 7 (1), 146-152.
  17. 12Hafner, D.J. (1998) North American Rodents: Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan. IUCN, 171 pages.
  18. ↑Álvarez-Castañeda, S.T.; Lacher, T.; Vázquez, E. (2018). "Peromyscus guardia". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018 e.T16664A22359973. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T16664A22359973.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
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  20. ↑Cassola, F. (2017) [errata version of 2016 assessment]. "Geomys pinetis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016 e.T42589A115192878. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T42589A22218215.en. Retrieved 11 January 2024.
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  24. 12Finkelman, L. (2019). Anthropogenic and Non-anthropogenic Contributions to End-Pleistocene Megafaunal Extinctions in the American West (MSc thesis). University of Oregon. pp. 45–46.
  25. 1234Munson, C. M. (2022). Dire wolves (Canis dirus dirus) from the Cutler Hammock site, Florida: dietary preferences, timing of disappearance, and relationship to changing climatic conditions during the Quaternary (Master's thesis, The Ohio State University).
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  30. 1234Bergman, C. (2003). "10 - Partial List of Extinctions". Wild Echoes: Encounters with the Most Endangered Animals in North America. University of Illinois Press. p. 256. ISBN 0-252-07125-5.
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