Articulo de referencia

Programa de becarios MacArthur

El Programa de Becas MacArthur , también conocido como Beca MacArthur y llamado coloquialmente " Beca para Genios ", {{cite web |title=MacArthur Fellows Frequently Asked Questio...

El Programa de Becas MacArthur , también conocido como Beca MacArthur y llamado coloquialmente " Beca para Genios ", [ a ] es un premio otorgado anualmente por la Fundación John D. y Catherine T. MacArthur a entre 20 y 30 personas que trabajan en cualquier campo y que han demostrado "extraordinaria originalidad y dedicación en sus actividades creativas y una marcada capacidad de autodirección" y que son ciudadanos o residentes de los Estados Unidos . [ 5 ]

Según el sitio web de la fundación, "la beca no es una recompensa por logros pasados, sino una inversión en la originalidad, la perspicacia y el potencial de una persona", pero también indica que dicho potencial se basa en un historial de logros significativos. El premio asciende a 800 000 dólares, pagados trimestralmente durante cinco años. Anteriormente, la cantidad era de 625 000 dólares. Esta cifra se incrementó de 500 000 dólares en 2013 tras la publicación de una revisión [ 6 ] del Programa de Becarios MacArthur. El premio ha sido descrito como "uno de los premios más importantes que realmente no tiene condiciones " . [ 7 ]

El programa no acepta solicitudes. La fundación invita a presentar candidaturas anónimas y confidenciales, las cuales son revisadas por un comité de selección anónimo y confidencial compuesto por aproximadamente una docena de personas. El comité evalúa a todos los candidatos y recomienda a los beneficiarios al presidente y al consejo de administración . La mayoría de los nuevos becarios se enteran de su nominación y premio al recibir una llamada telefónica de felicitación. Jim Collins, becario de la Fundación MacArthur, describió esta experiencia en una columna editorial de The New York Times . [ 3 ]

Destinatarios

A partir de 2025Desde la creación del premio en 1981, 1.175 personas han sido nombradas becarias MacArthur, [ 8 ] con edades comprendidas entre los 18 y los 82 años. [ 9 ]

En las cinco categorías amplias definidas por la fundación, el desglose del enfoque de los beneficiarios es el siguiente: Artes 336; Humanidades 170; Asuntos Públicos 257; STEM 335; y Ciencias Sociales 120. [ 8 ]

1981

Robert Penn Warren

1982

Frank Wilczek

1983

Juan Sayles

1984

Michael H. Freedman

1985

Marian Wright Edelman

1986

Jack Horner

1987

Robert Sapolsky

1988

Max Roach

1989

Errol Morris

1990

Paul Ehrlich

1991

Sucursal de Taylor

1992

Stephen Schneider

1993

Amory Lovins

1994

Ornette Coleman

1995

Octavia Butler

1996

Anna Deavere Smith

1997

David Foster Wallace

1998

Tim Berners-Lee

1999

Alison Des Forges

2000

Cecilia Muñoz

2001

Lene Hau

2002

Colson Whitehead

2003

Jim Yong Kim

2004

CD Wright

2005

Jonathan Lethem

2006

Regina Carter

2007

shen wei
Saúl Griffith

2008

Regina Benjamín

2009

Esther Duflo

2010

Annette Gordon-Reed

2011

Shwetak Patel

2012

Junot Díaz

2013

Tarell McCraney

2014

Alison Bechdel

2015

Ta-Nehisi Coates

2016

Claudia Rankine

2017

Jesmyn Ward

2018

Doris Tsao

2019

Lynda Barry

2020

Jacqueline Woodson

2021

Daniel Alarcón

2022

2023

Ada Limón

2024

Jason Reynolds

2025

Garrett Bradley

Educational background of recipients

Of the 965 terminal degrees earned by 928 fellows during the period 1981 through 2018, 540 (56%) are doctorates, with the Ph.D. accounting for 514 (53.3%). Ivy league schools awarded 306 (31.7%) degrees to 300 (32.3%) fellows.[64][65]

The award is made to individuals of varying educational background but among the 1131 fellowship awards through the class of 2023, the following ten institutions have the most alumni fellows (a comparatively smaller school, California Institute of Technology had the most per capita, whereas the large Harvard University had the most overall.)[8][66][67]

Notes

  1. The MacArthur Foundation does not use the term "genius" to describe its fellows and has asked the media to stop using it.[1][2][3][4]

References

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